Factors Affecting Tofu Home Industry Production in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District

Abstrak This study aims to determine what are the factors that affect the production of tofu home industry in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District, East Halmahera Regency, using quantitative research. The subjects of the study were tofu entrepreneurs in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District. The sampling method is random sampling. The sample in this study consisted of 5 entrepreneurs. The data collection method in this study is Questionnaireary. The technique used by this study to obtain conclusions is multiple linear gergersi with the Eviews program, resulting in the equation: Y = 665620 + 142.9692 x1 + 1397603 x2 - -19.32795 x3 + e. Hypothesis testing using the R test, shows the value of R Square is 0.999696 meaning that together the independent variable has an influence of 99.9% on the dependent variable, and 1.1% is influenced by other independent variables that are not included in this study. It can be concluded that the factors affecting the production of tofu home industry in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District, East Halmahera Regency. Independent variables are Working Capital (X1), Raw Materials (X2), Labor (X3).


INTRODUCTION
Economic development in Indonesia is currentlyveryrapid, be it small industry, medium industry, or large industry.The technology used for product processing in an industry has also changed, from using human services (traditional), machine services, to using robot services.With the development of industry in Indonesia, it is expected to be able to prevent existing socio-economic problems, such as reducing unemployment by creating jobs, meeting unlimited community needs, and reducing poverty (Fani Eliano, 2016).
At present, the process of development is often associated with the process of industrialization.Industrial development is one of the pathways to improve the welfare of the people.In addition to getting profits, another purpose of building an industry is to reduce unemployment in Indonesia.As in the construction of small industries which are to reduce the amount of unemployment in Indonesia itself.In line with the development of the national and regional industrial sectors, the development of small industries in Mekar Sari Village, This can be seen from the name of the business owner, Tofu industry business unit, labor and capital in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District.The decline in the number of small industries in Mekar Sari Village is caused by several factors.Factors include, the location of the business that is not suitable for opening a business, the rupiah exchange rate against the dollar rises so that the owner of the small industry finds it difficult to buy raw materials, so that tofu production decreases day by day.This has caused a decrease in labor and there are even industries that have gone out of business or went bankrupt because they could not cover the problem of shortages.However, some industries continue to carry out new innovations to maintain the continuity of the industry.Even workers who have quit with enough experience, open new businesses that can absorb new labor.
Small industries in Mekar Sari Village have a very positive influence on improving the economy of the surrounding community, where these small industries can absorb workers in the vicinity or from other areas so as to reduce the unemployment rate in Mekar Sari Village.
One of the small industries in Mekar Sari Village is the tofu industry.Tofu is a food product that uses raw materials from soybeans.Tofu has long been favored by the people of Indonesia (Salim 2012: 7).With an affordable price, delicious taste and has a high nutritional content, it is what causes tofu to be much favored by the people of Indonesia, especially the people of Mekar Sari Village.
In general, the tofu industry is a cottage industry with a small amount of work and the investment required in the development of the tofu industry is not too large.In addition to side workers, the investment that is not too big is also one of the reasons for the people of Mekar Sari Village to build a tofu industry.Here are the names of tofu industry owners in Mekar Sari Village in the table below.1.2 can be seen that, according to processed data in Mekar Sari Village, there are 23 tofu industries that are developing until 2022.Of the 23 tofu industries, the highest number of industries are found in Mekar Sari Village, which is as many as 5 tofu industries.In Bumirestu Village, Cemara Jaya, Sidomulyo there are 2 tofu industries and in Batu Raja Village there are 3 tofu industries.In Rawamangun Village and Sidomulyo Village, there are 4 tofu industries.While Gulapapo Village has 1 tofu industry.
Based on a preliminary survey conducted in January 2022, several problems have been found in the tofu industry work system.The work system in the tofu industry is evaluated using several questionnaires.
Based on this study, the author wants to learn more about: Factors Affecting Tofu Home Industry Production in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Data Types and Sources
According to Supranto (2016: 28) population is a collection of all elements / objects studied, while the sample is part of the population.In this study, the population is all tofu industries in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District, which are as many as 23 industries.This type of research uses accidental sampling, which is accidental sample determination.So the author used a sample of 5 tofu industry units in Mekar Sari, Wasile District.

Data Analysis Techniques
The data analysis technique used in processing the results of this study is a multiple regression analysis technique where the method is used to measure the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable.Where the formula is as follows (Suparto, 2016: 237) And.=.0.+.1X1 + 2X2+.3X3 +  Remarks.: Y.= Tofu (Fruit) Production X1.=.Capital (Rp) X2.=.Raw Material (Kg) X3 = Labor (People) 1, 2, 3 = Parameters to be estimated E.=.Tram error

Production in Mekar Sari Village
Based on the results of the study, data processing using the Eviews 12 Program is known to have the effect of capital, raw materials, and labor on the amount of tofu production in Mekar Sari Village can be explained in the following From the equation above, it is known the influence of the three production factors on the three tofu industries in Mekar Sari Village.The following will be explained about the influence of these production factors on the production of home tofu industry in detail.

Regression Coefficient
Based on the function of the equation above, it is known the value of the coefficient of each variable.The following will explain the purpose of the value of the coefficient of each variable.
1.A constant of 665620 means that the amount of tofu production, if capital, raw materials, and labor equal to 0 is 665620 Pieces/Month.0 2. The value of the coefficient is 142.9692.This means that the capital variable () has a positive and significant effect on the amount of production (y) in the tofu industry in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District.This positive influence means that if there is an additional capital of Rp. 1 million, it will increase the amount of tofu production by 142.9692 pieces / month. 1  1 3.The value of the coefficient is 1397603.This means that the variable of raw materials () has a positive and significant effect on the amount of production (y) in the tofu industry in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District.This positive influence means that if there is an addition of raw materials of 1 kg / month, it will increase the amount of tofu production by 1397603 pieces / month. 2  2 4. The value of the coefficient is -19.32795.This means that the labor variable () does not have a positive and significant effect on the amount of production (y) in the tofu industry in Mekar Sari Village, Wasile District.This negative influence means that if there is an increase in labor by 1 person, it will reduce the amount of tofu production by -19.32795 pieces / month. 3  3

Coefficient of Determination Test(𝑹𝑹 𝟐𝟐 )
The Coefficient of Determination test is performed to determine how far the independent variables (capital, raw materials, and labor) are able to explain the related variables (tofu production).It is known that the value is 0.999696.This means that 79% of the independent variables (capital, raw materials, and labor) are already represented to explain the related variables (tofu production).While the remaining 21% is explained by other variables outside the model.( 2 ) 2 The T test is a test of the coefficients of the parasial independent variable.This T test is carried out to determine whether individual independent variables (parasial) have a significant influence or not on related variables, with what provisions if prob.The independent variable < 0.05 then Ho is rejected and if prob.The independent variable > 0.05 then Ho is accepted.The following is an explanation of the T Test.

T Test (Parasial Test)
1. Testing the Effect of Capital ( ) on Tofu Production (y)  1 Based on the estimated results, the prob value is known.Capital of 0.0309 < 0.05 then Ho was rejected.This means that capital partially has a significant effect on tofu production in Mekar Sari Village.2. Testing the Effect of Raw Materials ( ) on Tofu Production (y)  2 Based on the estimated results, the prob value is known.Raw materials of 0.0492 < 0.05 then Ho was rejected.This means that partially raw materials have a significant effect on the amount of tofu production in Mekar Sari Village.3. Testing the Effect of Labor ( ) on Tofu Production (y)  3 Based on the estimated results, the prob value is known.A workforce of 0.0521 > 0.05 then Ho is accepted.This means that partially, labor does not have a significant effect on the amount of tofu production in Mekar Sari Village.

Test F
Test F is a test carried out to determine whether the independent variable simultaneously has a significant effect or not on the production of tofu home industry in Meakar Sari Village.The tenacity in the test is if F prob. < 0.05 then Ho is rejected and if F prob > 0.05 then Ho is accepted.
From the estimated results, it is known the value of F prob.As much as 0.022181 < 0.05 then Ho is rejected or Ha is accepted.This means that the variables of capital, raw materials, and labor simultaneously (together) have a significant effect on the tofu home industry in Mekar Sari Village.

Source : Eviews 12
This test is carried out to determine the presence or absence of a linear relationship between independent variables.The existence of relationships between variables in a regression is called multicollinearity.This test is carried out by taking into account the VIF value provided that