A Juridical Review of Sharia Financial Technology Dispute Resolution in Indonesia
Keywords:
Financial Technology, Sharia, Dispute Resolution.Abstract
The development of sharia-based financial technology (fintech) in Indonesia has experienced significant growth in line with the increasing demand for digital financing services that operate in accordance with Islamic sharia principles. Data from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) indicate that, as of early 2025, dozens of Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services (Layanan Pendanaan Bersama Berbasis Teknologi Informasi/LPBBTI) providers were operating based on sharia principles, while consumer complaints in the financial services sector processed by the Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution for Financial Services Sector (Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Sektor Jasa Keuangan/LAPS SJK) also included a significant proportion from the fintech sector. Cases of payment defaults and business activity restrictions affecting sharia-based fintech peer-to-peer lending providers in late 2025 underscore the urgent need for effective dispute resolution mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the relevant laws and regulations, examine dispute resolution mechanisms, and assess the effectiveness of regulations and dispute resolution institutions for sharia-based fintech in Indonesia. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by secondary data consisting of laws and regulations, fatwas issued by the National Sharia Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), Constitutional Court decisions, and legal literature, which are analyzed using a qualitative-descriptive method. The results show that the legal framework for dispute resolution in sharia-based fintech is dispersed across Law Number 4 of 2023, Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 40/POJK.03/2024, and Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 61/POJK.07/2020, with a tiered mechanism ranging from internal dispute resolution, mediation and arbitration through LAPS SJK, to litigation before the Religious Courts. This study also identifies problems concerning the unclear jurisdiction of dispute resolution institutions, limited availability of human resources with sharia certification, and the limited enforceability of alternative dispute resolution decisions, which hinder the effectiveness of legal protection for sharia-based fintech consumers.
References
Adikresna, A. K. A. P. (2026). Kepastian hukum bagi pemberi dana pasca likuidasi Lembaga Penyelenggara Layanan Pendanaan Bersama Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (LPBBTI) berdasarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 40/POJK.03/2024. Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan, 16(5), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.6679/89xb2934
Aini, I. Q. (2025, September 15). LAPS SJK: Solusi alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di dunia jasa keuangan. Portal Hukum. https://portalhukum.id/hukum-bisnis/laps-sjk-solusi-alternatif-penyelesaian-sengketa-di-dunia-jasa-keuangan/
Akobiarek, S. H., Pungus, K. R., Kusuma, R. A., Mulya, C. A. A., & Aprilia, I. (2025). Sanksi bagi penyelenggara pinjaman daring legal yang tidak mematuhi Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Politik, 3(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.51903/jaksa.v3i2.2487
Baihaqi, Zulfan, dan Mustapa Khamal Rokan. 2024. Analisis Yuridis Penetapan Biaya Layanan pada Transaksi Pinjaman Online Perspektif Maqashid Syariah: Studi Kasus pada Fintech Adakami. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal 6, no. 4: 2700–2719.
BP Lawyers. (2025). Tata kelola dan transparansi fintech syariah: Pelajaran dari kegagalan DSI. https://bplawyers.co.id/2025/11/19/tata-kelola-dan-transparansi-fintech-syariah-pelajaran-dari-kegagalan-dsi/
Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 tentang Layanan Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah. Feriyanto. (2025). Putusan MK akhiri dualisme penyelesaian sengketa perbankan syariah. MARINews Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia.https://marinews.mahkamahagung.go.id/artikel/putusan-mk-akhiri-dualisme-penyelesaian-sengketa-perbankan-04E
Firmansyah, H., Rusydi, M., Irwan, & Mulyatno. (2024). Financial Technology (Fintech) Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah dan Model Penggunaan Akad Dalam Fintech Syariah: Kajian Terhadap Fatwa DSN MUI. Tabayyanu: Journal of Islamic Law, 1(1), 58–74.
Hidayatulloh. (2021). Praktik Kredit dalam Sudut Pandang Islam. MUI. Sumber ini memuat penjelasan Hidayatulloh sebagai anggota DSN-MUI mengenai riba, kredit, dan alternatif pembiayaan syariah.
Irawan, A., & Syafira. (2025). Penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah melalui BASYARNAS: Efektivitas dan tantangannya. AL-IKHTISAR: The Renewal of Islamic Economic Law, 6(1), 33–43. https://jurnal.idaqu.ac.id/index.php/al-ikhtisar/article/view/1172
Mukhlas, O. S., & Ziaharah, L. I. (2025). Penyelesaian hukum non litigasi pembiayaan bermasalah pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Qanuniya: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(2), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.15575/qanuniya.v2i2.2064
Njatrijani, R., & Oktaviana, R. R. (2026). Efektivitas kerangka hukum perlindungan konsumen terhadap fintech syariah di Indonesia: Studi yuridis normatif atas peran OJK dan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa. Law, Development and Justice Review, 9(1), 120–138. https://doi.org/10.14710/ldjr.9.2026.120-138
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2025). Siaran pers: Semakin akseleratif, aset perbankan syariah tembus seribu triliun. https://ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/siaran-pers/Pages/Semakin-Akseleratif-Aset-Perbankan-Syariah-Tembus-Seribu-Triliun.aspx
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (t.t.). Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. https://ojk.go.id/id/kanal/edukasi-dan-perlindungan-konsumen/Pages/lembaga-alternatif-penyelesaian-sengketa.aspx
Pasaribu, Zefri Yansyah, dan Uswatun Hasanah. Optimalisasi Peran Badan Arbitrase Syari’ah Nasional Terhadap Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syari’ah. Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum, Vol. 13, No. 2 (2025), hlm. 13–25. DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v13.i02.p02.
Permata, C., Lubis, F., & Harahap, M. Y. (2026). Konstruksi regulasi online dispute resolution dalam penyelesaian sengketa e-commerce. Journal of Science and Social Research, 9(1), 1010–1020. https://doi.org/10.54314/jssr.v9i1.5859
Prastyanti, R. A., & Habib, M. (2023). Perlindungan hukum bagi pengguna layanan fintech lending syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 9(3), 4029–4037. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v9i3.10437
Rafi’uddin, M. F., Alfriano, D. N., Hakim, M. L., & Hartati, S. Y. (2025). Tinjauan hukum terhadap fintech lending syariah di Indonesia. EDU RESEARCH, 6(4), 1504–1511. https://doi.org/10.47827/jer.v6i4.1754
Rasmuddin. (2025). Penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi dan perbankan syariah (Tinjauan dari perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 tentang Peradilan Agama dan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah). Halu Oleo Legal Research, 7(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.33772/holresch.v7i1.1495
Supriyatni, R., & Fariana, A. (2017). Model penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah yang efektif dikaitkan dengan kompetensi di Peradilan Agama dalam rangka pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Jurnal Jurisprudence, 7(1), 68–79. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v7i1.4361
Syadiki, Hasbi, dan Annisa Sativa. 2025. Consumer Protection Against Counterfeit Motorcycle Oil Products from the Maqasid Syariah Perspective (Case Study of a Workshop in Medan Area District). Journal Analytica Islamica 14(2): 395–406. https://doi.org/10.30829/jai.v14i2.25751
Tambunan, S. P. M., & Zulham. (2023). Analisis penyelesaian sengketa cicilan peer to peer lending syariah perspektif Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional–Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(2), 833–839. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202323229
Tobing, R. D., & Dukuy, A. Z. (2025). Legal protection for consumers of information technology-based joint funding services. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Tambun Bungai, 10(1), 640–654. https://doi.org/10.61394/jihtb.v10i1.525
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabilah Azmi Lubis, Cahaya Permata
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. In line with the license, authors are allowed to share and adapt the material. In addition, the material must be given appropriate credit, provided with a link to the license, and indicated if changes were made. If authors remix, transform or build upon the material, authors must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.
