The Effect of Poverty Levels and Minimum Wages on The Human Development Index in West Nusa Tenggara Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/kharaj.v8i2.9895Keywords:
Human Development Index, Poverty Rate, Minimum WageAbstract
This study aims to determine how poverty levels and minimum wages affect the Human Development Index (HDI) in West Nusa Tenggara Province from 2010 to 2024. This study is quantitative in nature because it is numerical and uses multiple linear regression analysis. This study uses secondary data in the form of time series data for the period 2010-2024 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results show that, partially, the poverty level variable has a negative and significant effect on the human development index variable in NTB in 2010-2024, while the minimum wage variable partially has a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index variable in NTB in 2010-2024. Then, simultaneously, the poverty rate and minimum wage variables affect the Human Development Index in NTB in 2010-2024.
References
Adim, A. (2024). Pengaruh Kemiskinan dan Pengangguran Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Indonesia 2018-2022. Idarotuna: Journal of Administrative Science, 5(2), 111–129.
Anker, R. (2011). Estimating a living wage: A methodological review. ILO Geneva.
Ayooluwade, E., & Alamu, O. A. (2025). Modelling and prediction of economic growth for Nigeria under the violation of linear model assumptions: A robust principal component regression approach. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(9), 1063–1087.
Bhorat, H., Kanbur, R., Stanwix, B., & Thornton, A. (2021). Measuring multi‐dimensional labour law violation with an application to South Africa. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 59(3), 928–961.
Bonvin, J.-M., & Laruffa, F. (2022). Towards a capability-oriented eco-social policy: Elements of a normative framework. Social Policy and Society, 21(3), 484–495.
BPS. (2024). Penghitungan dan Analisis Kemiskinan Makro di Indonesia Tahun 2024. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/11/29/31e54c0717742a2dc13300e4/penghitungan-dan-analisis-kemiskinan-makro-di-indonesia-tahun-2024.html%0AER -
BPS. (2025). Statistik Indonesia 2025 (0126–2912th ed.). https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/02/28/8cfe1a589ad3693396d3db9f/statistik-indonesia-2025.html%0ASN - 0126-2912
BPS NTB. (2025a). Jumlah Penduduk Miskin NTB Turun. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. https://ntb.bps.go.id/id/news/2025/07/25/82/jumlah-penduduk-miskin-ntb-turun.html
BPS NTB. (2025b). Poverty Profile in Nusa Tenggara Barat March 2025. https://ntb.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2025/07/25/1101/profil-kemiskinan-di-nusa-tenggara-barat-maret-2025.html
Chambers, R. (1995). Poverty and livelihoods: whose reality counts? Environment and Urbanization, 7(1), 173–204.
Darmawanto, A. T. (2023). Pengaruh PDRB, Pengangguran dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Terhadap Kemiskinan di Provinsi Kalimantan. Syntax Idea, 5(12), 2335–2354.
Durbin, J., & Watson, G. S. (1950). Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression: I. Biometrika, 37(3/4), 409–428.
Faizin, M. (2021). Pengaruh upah minimum, kemiskinan dan pengangguran pada IPM di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 12(2), 214–227.
Ghozali, I. (2013). Aplikasi analisis statsitik multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 21 update PLS Regresi. Semarang: Badan Pnerbit Universitas Diponegoro, 2(2).
Glejser, H. (1969). A new test for heteroskedasticity. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 64(325), 316–323.
González-Estrada, E., & Cosmes, W. (2019). Shapiro–Wilk test for skew normal distributions based on data transformations. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 89(17), 3258–3272.
Gujarati, D. N. (2006). Dasar-dasar Ekonometrika, Jilid 1. Erlangga.
Hartanto, W., Islami, N. N., Mardiyana, L. O., Ikhsan, F. A., & Rizal, A. (2019). Analysis of human development index in East Java Province Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 243(1), 12061.
Jati, B. A. (2023). ANALISIS PENGARUH INDIKATOR INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI PERIODE 2010-2021. UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
Kouskoura, A., Kalliontzi, E., Skalkos, D., & Bakouros, I. (2024). Assessing the key factors measuring regional competitiveness. Sustainability, 16(6), 2574.
M Alfen, I. R. (2026). PENGARUH UPAH MINIMUM PROVINSI, TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI PULAU SUMATERA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM (Analisis Data Panel Periode 2014-2023). UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.
Mankiw, N. G. (2018). Principles of Macroeconomics, 8e. Cengage Learning, Inc.
Osei, R., & Owoo, N. (2024). Capabilities and Poverty Reduction: A Multidimensional Perspective for Developing Countries. Development Economics Journal, 29(3).
Paparoditis, E., & Politis, D. N. (2018). The asymptotic size and power of the augmented Dickey–Fuller test for a unit root. Econometric Reviews, 37(9), 955–973.
Perry, G. (2006). Poverty reduction and growth: virtuous and vicious circles. World Bank Publications.
Priambodo, A. (2021). The impact of unemployment and poverty on economic growth and the human development index (HDI). Perwira International Journal of Economics & Business, 1(1), 29–36.
Satrya, D., & Dewi, N. P. M. (2025). ANALISIS FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2018-2023. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 14(6), 464–483.
Sefil‐Tansever, S., & Yılmaz, E. (2024). Minimum wage and spillover effects in a minimum wage society. Labour, 38(1), 150–176.
Sen, A. K. (1999). Development as freedom. New York, NY: Knopf.
Telch, F., & Appe, S. (2022). How can countries improve human development? Four distinct national planning strategies and the challenges for human development ahead. Development Policy Review, 40(2), e12561.
United Nations Development Programme. (2023). Human Development Report 2023/2024: Breaking the Gridlock. https://hdr.undp.org
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Baehaqi, Erika Suryaningsih, Ahmad Suhendri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. In line with the license, authors are allowed to share and adapt the material. In addition, the material must be given appropriate credit, provided with a link to the license, and indicated if changes were made. If authors remix, transform or build upon the material, authors must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.
