A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post

This research employs critical discourse analysis (CDA) to examine a news article titled "KPU Chief Rebuffs Allegations of Bias during VP Debate" from the Jakarta Post, focusing on the transition from print to online media or E-Paper. In this research, the two main methods used to collect data are documentation via the Jakarta Post e-paper news page and content review. This approach provides the advantage of exploring information in depth and comprehensively related to the phenomenon or event that is the focus of the research. Utilizing Teun A. van Dijk's CDA framework, the analysis encompasses macro, superstructure, and micro structures. The macro-structural analysis reveals the social and political context, identifying social groups and emphasizing narrative importance. The critical discourse superstructure analysis delves into linguistic patterns, representations of power, and strategic language use. Finally, the micro-structural analysis explores word choice, grammar, writing style, and sentence structure to understand how language constructs arguments and responds to accusations. Through these lenses, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how the news shapes and reflects social and political dynamics, contributing valuable insights into media discourse surrounding political events in Indonesia.


Introduction
The development of information technology, especially the internet, has had a significant impact on the media industry, especially newspapers.Along with this progress, many newspapers that were previously in conventional or hard copy format have switched to digital format (Nisa, 2017).This phenomenon is known as the transition from print media to online media.
Digital newspapers are digitized in part via online platforms or electronic newspapers.Electronic paper (e-paper) offers readers a comparable reading experience to conventional print newspapers; however, it is accessible through electronic devices like computers, tablets, and smartphones (Humaira, 2018).Epaper offers consumers the flexibility to access news at any time and from any location, eliminating the need for them to possess a physical copy of the newspaper (Januru, 2016).
This shift also reflects alterations in the behavior of news consumers.It is possible to obtain information rapidly and readily via the internet.Individuals are no longer obligated to await the arrival of the morning print newspaper in order to obtain the most recent news.They can access the most recent news in mere seconds by opening a news application or website with the touch of a finger.
Moreover, online media provide consumers with the opportunity to customize their reading experience.They are able to select news topics of greater interest, subscribe to receive notifications, and participate via social media by leaving remarks or sharing articles.This enables readers and the media to engage in a reciprocal exchange of ideas, a feat that is challenging to accomplish with traditional newspapers.
However, this transition also presents the media industry with a number of obstacles.Print-based business models that are conventional in nature necessitate adjustment to digital advertising and online news subscription models.In an increasingly competitive digital environment, the media is compelled to innovate in order to retain and attract consumers (Mahendra Siregar, 2021).Certain publications may opt to maintain their print operations while simultaneously establishing an online presence.While others may transition entirely to digital platforms in order to accommodate shifting market demands.These modifications are an indication of how the media sector has adapted to the digital revolution.Electronic newspapers, also known as online or e-paper newspapers, represent a transition from conventional formats to those that are more dynamic, timely, and relevant to the requirements of modern readers.

Donny Adiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post
News in e-paper or digital newspaper format is not only a series of information, but also a discourse that requires in-depth analysis.In this context, discourse analysis becomes crucial to understand the meaning contained in news texts and how these messages can be articulated by various readers (Listo, 2018).Text structure, writing style, tone, sentiment, and social and cultural context are important elements that must be explored (Graham, 2018).How information is organized, the words chosen, and the way it is written can influence the reader's perception.Apart from that, assessing the credibility of information sources is also an integral part of discourse analysis (Ponton & Larina, 2016).By paying attention to these aspects, readers can develop a more critical understanding of digital news, identify nuances and purposes behind words, and evaluate implications that may be hidden in news discourse.Discourse analysis opens the door to looking beyond literal information, allowing readers to unearth deeper meanings that can shape their critical views of the news (Anderson & Holloway, 2020).
Discourse analysis helps readers to not only understand the news literally but also to grasp the nuances, purposes, and implications that may be hidden behind the words (Bonyadi, 2019).It also provides an opportunity to understand the framework of thought that underlies news creation and provides a deeper understanding of how the news may be received by different groups of readers.By considering these aspects, readers can develop a more critical understanding of the information they receive (Djachy et al., 2018).
In facing the elections to be held in February 2024, mass media, including the Jakarta Post, play an important role in providing information to the public.Jakarta Post is a leading media that has been involved in reporting for a long time in Indonesia, and is one of the major media in Indonesia (Marpaung, 2021).One of the prominent news stories on December 25, 2023, entitled "KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate", provides an overview of the political dynamics surrounding the Vice-Presidential candidate debate.In essence, this news shows the Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU/Komisi Pemilihan Umum) denying accusations of partiality during the debate.
Important discourse analysis is needed to interpret more deeply the message this news wants to convey.First of all, news needs to pay attention to the structure of the text, such as whether it highlights relevant arguments and facts, or whether there is a certain element of bias in conveying the information (Jenks, 2020).The language used, including the choice of words, also needs to be analyzed to see whether there is a particular attempt to form a certain perception of the accusations being thrown out.
In addition, the social and political context of the time is important in the analysis (Sriwimon & Zilli, 2017).often creates tension and polarization in public elections.Therefore, discourse analysis must also consider the impact of this news on the political atmosphere and people's feelings ahead of the election.News like this has the potential to influence public opinion regarding the integrity of the KPU and the credibility of the election process.Therefore, through a critical discourse approach, society can develop a deeper understanding of the controversy.This allows them to form views that are not only based on the news, but also involve critical thinking about the information presented.Thus, critical discourse analysis can play a role in encouraging a more contextual and critical understanding of various issues that arise before the election, thereby preventing society from getting caught up in the commotion that may arise as political tensions increase (McVeigh, 2017).
Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is an analytical approach used to understand, analyze and interpret texts with a focus on the relations of power, ideology and social structures contained therein (Yu et al., 2021).The following are several definitions of critical discourse analysis from several journals and experts: Critical discourse analysis is a way to understand the ways in which language creates and reproduces power, social relations, and ideology in society ( Fairclough in Mather-Gratton et al., 2021).Fairclough combines social action analysis, discourse analysis, and social inequality analysis in his approach.Teun A. van Dijk, a Dutch linguistic and social psychology scientist, defines critical discourse analysis as an approach that focuses on the relationship between language, power, and ideology (Van dijk in Anderson & Holloway, 2020).According to him, this analysis helps identify how certain texts can influence or reproduce social inequalities and power.An Austrian social linguist, and Michael Meyer, a communication scientist, describe critical discourse analysis as a tool for uncovering ideology and representation in language (Ruth wodak in Rogers, 2011).They emphasize the importance of analyzing the concepts and power structures contained in the text.David Machin and Andrea Mayr, two experts in the field of critical discourse analysis, state that this approach aims to open up the "secrets" of certain texts, uncovering how these texts construct social meaning, ideology and power (Machin and Mayr in Ahmed, 2021).Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen, in their famous book "Grammar and Social Semiotics," combined critical discourse analysis with social semiotics (Hodge and Kress in Teo & Ren, 2019).They highlight how language and images work together to shape social meaning and ideology.
These understandings show that critical discourse analysis brings a deep understanding of the role of language in the formation of ideology, the construction of social meaning, and the reproduction of power structures in society.This approach is important in uncovering and understanding the power dynamics  (Sengul, 2019).In his work, he presents several theories which are the main basis for this analysis.His cognitive-contextual theory emphasizes the connection between language understanding and contextual and cognitive knowledge, including world and cultural knowledge.Van Dijk also places a strong emphasis on social complexity, recognizing that texts not only reflect social structures, but also play an active role in shaping and reproducing those structures (Arce-Trigatti & Anderson, 2020).Through an analysis of power and domination, he shows how language is used to support power relations in society.His main contribution is also seen in ideology research, where he highlights the role of language in constructing, concealing, or legitimizing certain ideologies.Additionally, Van Dijk examines inequalities in language, both in representation and participation, to understand the ways in which language reflects and reproduces social inequalities (Dezhkameh et al., 2021).With these concepts, critical discourse analysis developed by Van Dijk becomes an important basis for understanding the role of language in the formation and reproduction of power, ideology and social inequality in society.
In the theory of critical discourse analysis by Teun A. van Dijk, the concepts of macro structure, critical discourse superstructure, and micro structure are key elements used to understand and analyze discourse as a whole.The following is a brief explanation of these three concepts (Aydin-Du zgit & Rumelili, 2019): -Macro Structure: Macro structure refers to large aspects in a discourse that influence or reflect overall social structure and power.This involves understanding the social context, the ideologies that dominate society, and the way social structures are reflected in texts.In the context of critical discourse analysis, macro structure helps identify how power and ideology are manifested in discourse in general.-Superstructure of Critical Discourse: The superstructure of critical discourse refers to dominant patterns or deep patterns of power and ideology at the macro level.This includes particular ways in which power and ideology can be identified in discourse, such as patterns of representation of particular social groups or the use of language to legitimize existing social structures.Superstructure provides a more specific view of how discourse can be a tool in the formation and reproduction of power and ideology.-Microstructure: Microstructure refers to language and grammatical elements at a lower level of discourse.This includes word choice, sentence structure, and other uses of language.In the context of critical discourse analysis, microstructure helps reveal the way power and ideology are reflected in the details of language, such as how certain representations are constructed or how certain words can carry implications of power.
By understanding these three concepts, critical discourse analysis can involve a holistic understanding, from macro structure which includes social context and ideology to superstructure which details patterns of power and ideology, to micro structure which explores language elements at a more detailed level (Mirgiyazova, 2021).This allows for an in-depth analysis of how discourse can contribute to the establishment and maintenance of power and ideology in society.
Analysis of the news text from the Jakarta Post entitled "KPU Chief Rebuffs Allegations of Bias During VP Debate" can be done by applying Teun A. van Dijk's theory regarding macro structure, critical discourse superstructure, and micro structure in critical discourse analysis.By applying this theory, news text analysis can provide a deeper understanding of how power and ideology are reflected in language and discourse structures.This helps uncover elements that may not be immediately apparent, allowing readers to form a more critical and contextual understanding of the news.Such analyzes can also help open up space for broader discussions about representation, interests, and narrative construction in political and media contexts.

Method
In this research, the two main methods used to collect data are documentation via the Jakarta Post e-paper news page and content review.This approach provides the advantage of exploring information in depth and comprehensively related to the phenomenon or event that is the focus of the research (Nisa, 2017).
Utilizing the Jakarta Post e-paper news page as a data source offers easy access to the latest and relevant information.In carrying out documentation, researchers can collect various articles, news and coverage contained on the page.Analysis of data from e-paper news pages allows researchers to see the development of an event or issue over time, covering various points of view, as well as exploring the dynamics of information presented by online media.
The content review method was used to analyze news content collected from the Jakarta Post e-paper news page.In this case, researchers can use certain criteria to identify certain patterns in language, text structure, and word use that By combining documentation via e-paper news pages and content review, this research can achieve a comprehensive depth of analysis.This approach allows researchers to not only collect information, but also understand how that information is presented and interpreted in the context of media discourse.Overall, combining documentation and content review methods provides a powerful framework for analyzing relevant data and producing findings that can support better understanding of the research topic.
According to Bogadan and Biklen (Mohammed et al., 2021), qualitative data analysis involves working with data, organising it, sorting it into manageable units, synthesising it, searching for and discovering patterns, determining what is significant and what can be learned, and determining what information to share with others.The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach to analyse and depict the subject matter through the use of verbal expressions or complete sentences (Bouvier & Machin, 2018).
-Identify Signs of self-recognition, self-evidence, determining and determining the identity of a person, object and so on, in this case, first collect data relating to critical discourse analysis theory so that it can be determined and classified.

-Classification
Classification and grouping, arrangement based on something appropriate, after the data has been identified, the steps are to classify and classify the data to obtain a more in-depth interpretation regarding the elements of critical discourse.

-Interpretation
The stage for discussing each data in each classification by referring to the concepts provided by experts, in this case the interpretation is given directly after quoting the data and each element.
The results and discussion are grouped into 3 parts, namely: In news analysis, macro structure involves understanding the social and political context that influences news production, including identifying the social groups represented in the narrative.The superstructure of critical discourse focuses on linguistic patterns that reflect power and ideology, especially in the use of language that emphasizes certain arguments and representations of partisanship.Microstructure examines language elements such as word choice and grammar, especially in how words and sentences form a picture of the KPU Chairman's accusations of bias and arguments, as well as how they can influence readers' perceptions.By simplifying this analysis, we can more easily understand how macro structure, superstructure and micro structure are interrelated in forming news narratives.

Macro-structural critical discourse analysis approach
The following is a snippet of an online news or e-paper image from the Jakarta Post, along with a news excerpt on that page.

Fiqure 1. The Jakarta Post News
The following is the classification of all the texts above in tabular form using a macro-structural critical discourse analysis approach:

Importance in Narrative
-The text highlights the additional pressure on Gibran, who is a political neophyte and the President's eldest son.-Reaction to Roy Suryo's accusation that the KPU gave Gibran an unfair advantage in the debate.
The macro structure table reflects critical discourse analysis of news texts involving the Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU), Hasyim Asy'ari, and accusations from former government minister, Roy Suryo.At the level of social and political context, the text highlights the nearness of the general elections and the additional pressure on candidate Gibran Rakabuming Raka, who is a new politician and the President's eldest son.Reactions to accusations that the KPU assisted Gibran in the Vice-Presidential debate become the main focus in the text, creating an understanding of the developing political events.
The identification of social groups brought attention to the KPU chairman as the main actor responding to the accusations, while former minister Roy Suryo emerged as the party making the accusations.The KPU denied accusations that Gibran had an unfair advantage in the debate, depicting a conflict between two social groups with different interests in the narrative.An understanding of the interests in the narrative shows how this news shaped the viewpoint of the allegations and events that occurred, with the KPU trying to defend its integrity and insist that all candidates were given equal treatment in the debate.This macrostructural analysis provides a comprehensive picture of how news texts shape and reflect social and political dynamics related to general elections and political debates in Indonesia.
A macro-structural critical discourse analysis approach helps us understand how these texts shape and reflect social and political contexts involving elections, pressure on candidates, and responses to recriminations.Identification of social groups involves understanding the main actors in this narrative, while understanding the interests in the narrative shows how this news shapes the point of view of the accusations and events that occurred.

Critical Discourse Superstructure analysis approach
The following is the classification of all the texts above in tabular form using a Critical Discourse Superstructure analysis approach: The critical discourse superstructure table depicts an in-depth analysis of news texts involving the Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU), Hasyim Asy'ari, and accusations from former government minister, Roy Suryo.At the level of dominant linguistic patterns, it appears that language is used strategically to respond to accusations, highlighting words such as "cheat," "allegation," and "baseless" that create a serious tone and dismiss Roy Suryo's claims.Representations of power and ideology emerge through narratives that depict the KPU as the party accused of giving unfair advantages to Gibran Rakabuming Raka.Gibran's position as a new politician and the President's eldest son was also emphasized, creating additional pressure on his performance in the debate.
In addition, linguistic strategies are reflected in the choice of words and phrases used to explain the differences in the microphone equipment used by Gibran.Words like "clip-on," "handheld," and "headset" emphasize the differences, creating a suspicious tone regarding Gibran's equipment compared to the other candidates.This analysis highlights how language is used carefully to construct narratives that support or oppose certain claims, creating certain opinions and views on political events that occur.Thus, the critical discourse superstructure table provides a deeper understanding of the way language is used to shape narratives and influence readers' perceptions of the news.
A superstructural critical discourse analysis approach helps us understand how language is used to create representations, emphasize differences, and construct particular narratives.Dominant linguistic patterns include the use of specific words and phrases in response to accusations and highlight differences in microphone equipment.Representations of power and ideology are related to the way the narrative positions the KPU and Gibran, while linguistic strategies include the choice of words and phrases that influence the reader's interpretation of these events.Superstructure analysis provides insight into how this text uses language to form opinions and views on the political events that occurred.

Micro-structural critical discourse analysis approach
The following is the classification of all the texts above in tabular form using a micro-structural critical discourse analysis approach: Table 1.

Micro-structural Description
Word Choice -The use of words such as "cheat," "allegation," "baseless," and "irregularities" creates a serious tone in responding to Roy Suryo's accusations.-Words such as "mic hook" and "earpiece" are used to describe Gibran's equipment, emphasizing the differences in interpretation between the KPU and Roy Suryo.

Grammar
-The grammar chosen by Hasyim Asy'ari, such as the use of passive sentences "All vice-presidential candidates used the same tools," gives a neutral and formal impression in explaining the situation.-The use of direct sentences in Hasyim's response, such as "Spontaneous debates cannot be manipulated or influenced by external factors," provides a firm and convincing statement.
Writing Style -The writing style used in Roy Suryo's tweets, for example by showing "screenshots," creates an element of visual evidence to support his accusations.-Hasyim Asy'ari's writing style, which emphasizes his responsibility as "an organizer" and states that Roy Suryo's accusations "are baseless," creates the impression of courage and confidence on the part of the KPU.
Sentence Structure -The sentence structure used in Hasyim Asy'ari's explanation, such as "As an organizer, I am aware and prepared to take responsibility," provides a clear and firm setting.-The sentence structure in Ganjar Pranowo's statement that shows understanding of microphone equipment, such as "one could be attached to the ear, another clipped to a shirt and the other was handheld," provides detailed clarification.
The micro structure table reflects critical discourse analysis of news texts involving the Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU), Hasyim Asy'ari, and former government minister, Roy Suryo.At the level of word choice, it appears Neneng Sri Lestari, Yunita Sari Adelina, Fernando De Napoli Marpaung,

Donny Adiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post
200 that language was used carefully to create a serious nuance in responding to Roy Suryo's accusations.The use of words like "cheat," "allegation," "baseless," and "irregularities" help establish a firm and convincing angle to the claim.In addition, the choice of words such as "mic hook" and "earpiece" was used to explain the differences in interpretation between the KPU and Roy Suryo regarding Gibran's equipment, emphasizing the complexity of the debate.
The grammar chosen by Hasyim Asy'ari and others creates a neutral and formal impression in explaining the situation.The use of passive sentences such as "All vice-presidential candidates used the same tools" provides objective information, while direct sentences such as "Spontaneous debates cannot be manipulated or influenced by external factors" conveys a firm statement rejecting the accusation.Writing style is also an important element, seen in Roy Suryo's tweet which displays visual evidence in the form of "screenshots," creating an element of evidence in his argument.
The sentence structure in Hasyim Asy'ari's explanation shows firmness and readiness to take responsibility as "an organizer."Ganjar Pranowo's statement detailing the microphone equipment provided detailed clarification regarding Hasyim's statement, showing good understanding of the situation.Overall, this microstructural analysis helps us understand how language is chosen, grammar is structured, writing styles are used, and how sentence structure supports the formation of arguments and responses to accusations made.
The micro structural critical discourse analysis approach helps identify word choice, grammar, writing style, and sentence structure used in the text.By detailing these micro elements, we can understand how language was used to construct arguments, respond to accusations, and shape narratives in these events.

-Macro-structural critical discourse analysis approach
Insightful insights into the shaping and reflection of social and political dynamics surrounding the upcoming general elections in Indonesia can be gained through the application of macro-structural critical discourse analysis to the news texts published by The Jakarta Post.The highlighted social and political backdrop highlights the significance of the impending general election, with a particular emphasis on the General Election Commission (KPU) and the additional pressure that is being placed on candidate Gibran Rakabuming Raka.One of the most important aspects of the analysis is how people responded to allegations that the KPU had provided aid to Gibran during the battle for the Vice-Presidential nomination.
As far as social groupings are concerned, Hasyim Asy'ari, the head of the KPU, emerges as the key actor reacting to charges, while Roy Suryo, a former minister, is positioned as the accuser.Within the context of the story, this dynamic portrays a struggle between two social groups who have different interests.In an effort to protect its integrity and argue that all candidates were treated equally during the discussion, the KPU has denied the allegations that have been made against Gibran.This highlights the divergent opinions that exist.
An examination of the macro-level structures that are responsible for shaping the news narrative is brought to light by the macro-structural analysis.Additional pressure is being placed on Gibran, who is considered to be a political novice and the eldest son of the President.This adds an additional degree of complication to the events that are currently taking place.The purpose of this analysis is to demonstrate how news texts play a significant part in shaping public perception by situating events within the larger social and political environment.
In addition, the analysis sheds light on the interconnection of social and political elements that come into play when it comes to defining the discourse surrounding the general elections.The technique highlights how important it is to understand the interests that are being presented in the narrative, so demonstrating how the news constructs opinions on claims and what is happening.It is depicted as a strategic move to retain public trust and confidence in the electoral process that the KPU is making an attempt to reject complaints to the extent that they are without foundation.
The macro-structural critical discourse analysis technique makes it possible to gain an all-encompassing comprehension of the manner in which news pieces navigate the complex web of social and political dynamics, particularly in the context of general elections and political debates.Additionally, it offers light on the actors, interests, and conflicts that are contained within the narrative, which ultimately shapes public discourse and perceptions of political events that have occurred in Indonesia.
-Critical Discourse Superstructure analysis approach In the news texts that involve Roy Suryo's accusations and Hasyim Asy'ari, Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU), the critical discourse superstructure analysis reveals a nuanced understanding of how language is strategically employed to shape narratives, emphasise differences, and construct specific representations.This understanding is revealed by the fact that the analysis reveals a nuanced understanding of how language is employed.Roy Suryo's use of words like "cheat," "allegation," and "baseless" produces a narrative that portrays the acts of the KPU during the Vice-Presidential debate as Neneng Sri Lestari, Yunita Sari Adelina, Fernando De Napoli Marpaung, Donny Adiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post 202 being unjust.This narrative is created in terms of dominant linguistic patterns.These linguistic choices contribute to the framing of the claims in a serious manner, which may influence readers to perceive the behaviour of the KPU in an unfavourable way.An additional factor that contributes to the suspicious tone is the focus placed on discrepancies in microphone equipment.This suggests that Gibran Rakabuming Raka may have been offered undue benefits or favouritism over other candidates.By using phrases such as "baseless," the terminology that is employed in response to charges is intended to discredit Roy Suryo's assertions and to ensure that the KPU continues to preserve its credibility.The story puts the KPU as the party that is being blamed, which suggests that there is an imbalance of power in the political discourse.This makes the portrayal of power and ideology more apparent throughout the tale.Furthermore, the focus placed on Gibran's status as a novice politician and the eldest son of the President adds an ideological layer to the discussion by putting additional pressure on his performance in the debate.In addition to making a contribution to the larger political narrative, this depiction also helps readers form their opinions of the power relations that exist inside the electoral process.
An important aspect of linguistic tactics is the careful selection of words such as "clip-on," "handheld," and "headset."This is especially important when discussing the differences in microphone equipment.The use of these words contributes to the building of a narrative that is suspicious regarding Gibran's equipment in comparison to that of other candidates.The strategic use of language in this circumstance plays a significant influence in affecting the interpretations and perceptions of the events that are being discussed by the readers, which has the potential to alter attitudes on the fairness of the argument.The critical discourse superstructure analysis sheds insight on the complexities of language use in the process of building the discourse that surrounds the charges and reactions.The use of words and phrases in a strategic manner to impact the views of readers, construct particular representations of power and ideology, and ultimately shape the narrative that revolves around political events is emphasised by this.In the context of political discourse, a more in-depth comprehension of the ways in which language acts as a weapon of framing and persuasion can be attained by the attentive examination of linguistic patterns and techniques.
-Micro-structural critical discourse analysis approach The micro-structural critical discourse analysis of the news texts that involve Roy Suryo and Hasyim Asy'ari, Chairman of the General Election Commission (KPU), provides complex data about the language features that are utilised in the construction of arguments, the processing of accusations, and the formation of narratives.
A severe and resolute tone is created in Hasyim Asy'ari's answer to Roy Suryo's charges by the careful selection of words such as "cheat," "allegation," "baseless," and "irregularities."This is accomplished by the careful selection of words related to word choice.These comments contribute to the establishment of a compelling angle that rejects the assertions that have been made by highlighting the seriousness of the accusations and the lack of merit on which they are based.Additionally, the usage of phrases such as "mic hook" and "earpiece" assists to illustrate the variations in interpretation that exist between the KPU and Roy Suryo with regard to Gibran's equipment, thereby showing the intricacy of the issue.
In the process of discussing the problem, the grammar that was used, which includes the utilisation of passive sentences such as "All vice-presidential candidates used the same tools," adds to the formation of an impression that is impartial and official.In order to portray a sense of factual reporting, the objective information that is presented in passive constructions is instrumental.On the other hand, direct lines such as "Spontaneous debates cannot be manipulated or influenced by external factors" convey a forceful and decisive denial of the accusations, demonstrating the position that the KPU wants to take.
The writing style is also an important component, and this can be observed in particular in Roy Suryo's usage of tweets that exhibit visual evidence in the form of "screenshots."For the purpose of giving readers with a physical part of his argument, this visual element adds an additional layer of proof to back his charges, which has the ability to influence readers.The writing style of Hasyim Asy'ari, which places an emphasis on his role as "an organiser" and asserts that Roy Suryo's charges "are baseless," generates an appearance of bravery and self-assurance on the part of the KPU, which is striving to maintain its power in the discourse.
When it comes to the creation of arguments and responses, the sentence structure is another factor that contributes.The answer provided by Hasyim Asy'ari, which states, "As an organizer, I am aware and prepared to take responsibility," establishes a clear and firm framework, thereby strengthening the commitment of the Kent Public University to accountability.Ganjar Pranowo's thorough elucidation concerning the microphone equipment-specifically, that "one could be clipped to a shirt, another could be attached to the ear, and the other was handheld"-demonstrates a commendable understanding of the circumstance and enhances the overall coherence of the response.The micro-structural critical discourse analysis approach sheds light on the subtleties of language use, syntax, writing style, and sentence structure in the process of forming the story and responds to accusations.When it comes to the discourse around the events that involved the chairman of the KPU and the charges that Roy Suryo made, these Neneng Sri Lestari, Yunita Sari Adelina, Fernando De Napoli Marpaung, Donny Adiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post 204 micro-elements have a vital role in influencing the views of the readers, forming arguments, and presenting a cohesive perspective.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the critical discourse analysis of the news text from The Jakarta Post, titled "KPU Chief Rebuffs Allegations of Bias During VP Debate," provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of language, power, and ideology within the context of Indonesian politics.The macro-structural analysis reveals the significance of the approaching general elections and the additional pressure on candidate Gibran Rakabuming Raka, portrayed as a political newcomer and the President's eldest son.The identification of social groups, mainly the KPU and Roy Suryo, underscores the conflicting interests and narratives surrounding accusations of bias during the Vice-Presidential debate.
Moving to the critical discourse superstructure analysis, the dominant linguistic patterns, representation of power and ideology, and linguistic strategies employed in the news text shed light on how language is strategically used to shape narratives.The careful choice of words such as "cheat," "allegation," and "baseless" creates a serious tone in responding to Roy Suryo's accusations, emphasizing the alleged injustice in the debate.The micro-structural analysis further delves into the details of word choice, grammar, writing style, and sentence structure, illustrating the nuanced ways in which language is utilized to construct a convincing response, particularly by KPU Chairman Hasyim Asy'ari.
This research underscores the critical role of discourse analysis in unpacking the layers of meaning embedded in news texts.By employing Teun A. van Dijk's theoretical framework encompassing macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure, the analysis provides a holistic understanding of how language operates within the broader socio-political landscape.In the era of digital news and evolving media landscapes, the application of critical discourse analysis becomes increasingly crucial for readers to develop a more discerning and critical perspective, enabling them to navigate through the complexities of political narratives and media representations.
Neneng SriLestari, Yunita Sari Adelina, Fernando De Napoli Marpaung, DonnyAdiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post may reflect elements such as partiality, framing, or certain sentiments.With content review, researchers can classify and analyze data systematically, providing a deeper understanding of the messages conveyed in the news, as well as understanding how certain emphasis or framing can influence readers' interpretations.
Neneng SriLestari, Yunita Sari Adelina, Fernando De Napoli Marpaung, DonnyAdiatmana Ginting A Critical Discourse Analysis of E-Paper 'KPU chief rebuffs allegations of bias during VP debate" in Jakarta Post