IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature
IDEAS Journal is published twice a year in the months of June and December (P-ISSN 2338-4778 and E-ISSN 2548-4192); it presents articles on English language teaching and learning, linguistics, and literature. The contents include analyses, studies and application of theories, research report, material development, and reviews. About IDEAS Country of Publication: Indonesia Publisher: IAIN Palopo Format: Print & Online ISSN: P-ISSN: 2338-4778;E-ISSN: 2548-4192 DOI: 10.24256/ideas Frequency: Biannual Publication Dates: June & December Advance Access: Yes Scope: English Language Teaching, Linguistics and Literature Article Processing Charges: Yes Types of Journal: Academic/Scholarly Journals Open Access: Yes Indexed & Abstracted: Yes Policy: Peer-reviewed Review Time: Seven Weeks Approximately Copyright: CC-BY-SA 4.0 License Contact & Submission e-mail: ideas.journal@iainpalopo.ac.id Alternate e-mail: masruddin_asmid@iainpalopo.ac.id Before Submit Manuscripts must be original, unpublished, and not being considered for publication elsewhere at the time of submission to IDEAS. The author must ensure that the submitted manuscript has been prepared using the IDEAS Template. Manuscripts must also have been corrected with a similarity check (similarity check or Turnitin). Reference writing must use citation manager tools such as Mendeley, Zotero, EndNote, Ref-Works, Bib-Text, etc. Any manuscript that does not meet the author's guidelines, focus, and scope, that is written in a different format, and does not meet the administrative requirements will be immediately rejected. The only manuscript that meets IDEAS standards will be further processed.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access)
Impact Continuous Tiktok to Improve English Speaking Skills Through the Conversation Analytic Role-Play Method (Carm)
This research aims to examine the influence of intentions to use TikTok continuously on improving students' English speaking skills through the Conversation Analytic Role-Play (CARM) method. This research uses mixed methods, namely combining qualitative research with descriptive methods and quantitative research with experimental methods. The research results show that continued use of TikTok using the CARM method has a positive and significant impact on improving students' English speaking skills, compared to the control class who did not use TikTok. Apart from that, the research results also show that TikTok is seen favorably by students as a tool for learning English. Students feel learning English with TikTok is more fun, easier and effective. This research contributes to the development of innovative and creative English learning by utilizing the social media platform that is popular among generation Z, namely TikTok. This research also provides suggestions for teachers and researchers to further utilize TikTok's potential in English language learning, especially in improving students' speaking skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 khaliatun mardiyah, Syafiul Anam, Him’mawan Adi Nugroho, Slamet Setiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Podcast on Listening: A Case Study on 2nd Year English Education Department Students In University
Listening is one of important skill in English language acquisition, serving as the parts for speaking and writing. It involves decoding and reconstructing information to understand communication fully. Traditional teaching methods often fail to engage students, making modern approaches essential. Podcasts, as digital audio or video media, have emerged as an effective tool for teaching listening comprehension. They provide accessible, engaging, and diverse content that motivates students to learn. Research indicates that podcasts positively impact students' listening skills, vocabulary, pronunciation, and accent recognition, while also enhancing their ability to interpret messages. At STKIP PGRI Bangkalan, podcasts were used to explore motivational themes, showing their potential as a versatile and engaging medium for teaching listening comprehension. This research pointing the value of podcasts in modern English language education, suggesting further exploration of their application across diverse contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Almer Ghazian Akbar, Tera Athena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Overlexicality on Translation of Sexism Expression in The Novel The 19th Wife
Overlexicality is lexical form to describe the lexical meaning in the translations works. The purpose of overlexicality is to create something to be eye catching and powerful but the translator still maintains the equivalence meaning from the source language to the target language. This research aims to focus on the how overlexicality occur in the sexism expression in a source text are translated into a target text. The study used qualitative descriptive method, the data in the forms of words, phrases, or sentences denoting sexism expression have been taken from the English novel The 19th Wife and its Indonesian translation, Istri ke-19. Based on the sampling data that has been analyze, the results show that the sexism expression related to hostile and benevolent were translated into overlexicalized. The translator used this method to emphasize the issues presented, however the results convey the sense that the translation depicts women in a very inferior and bad light because overlexicality occurs in sexist expressions related to sexual violence experienced by women.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diajeng Sari, Sajarwa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Reading Comprehension of The Tenth-Grade Students at Islamic Senior High School Through the Use of Sticky Notes Strategy
This review evaluates a study exploring the use of the Sticky Notes Strategy to enhance reading comprehension among tenth-grade students at Islamic Senior High School. The study adopts a quasi-experimental design involving 38 students, equally divided into experimental and control groups. Pre-tests and post-tests were administered, and data were analyzed using SPSS 23. The results indicate significant improvements in reading comprehension scores for the experimental group, with a mean difference of 27.789 (p < 0.05). Results showed that sticky notes significantly improved students' ability to identify main ideas by 30% compared to traditional methods. This strategy increased engagement and encouraged metacognitive interaction with texts. The findings underscore the potential of simple, interactive tools to foster deeper learning in EFL contexts and promote student-centered literacy practices in Indonesian classrooms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Septia Puspita Sari, Jamiluddin, Hasna, Budi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Translating Arabic Literary Metaphors: A Comparative Evaluation of ChatGPT-4.0 and Google Translate 2024
This research conducted a comparative evaluation of ChatGPT-4.0 and Google Translate 2024 in translating Arabic literary metaphors into English. We applied a qualitative research approach focusing on the novel "Memory in the Flesh" by Ahlam Mosteghanemi, the study analyzed metaphor types 27 out of 77 data, translation strategies employed by each tool, and the quality of translations based on accuracy, acceptability, and readability. The study identified the types of metaphors used in the novel, analyzed the translation strategies employed by each tool based on (Newmark, 2022) framework, and evaluated the output quality using (Nababan et al., 2012, n.d.) assessment model of accuracy, acceptability, and readability. Findings indicated that while Google Translate 2024 showed a slight edge in literal accuracy which achieved 2.85, in acceptability Google Translate 2024 achieved 2.62 score and in readability achieved 2.31, ChatGPT-4.0 significantly outperformed it in acceptability and readability crucial for literary texts, In acceptability ChatGPT4.0 achieved 2.98 and in readability 2.99 score. The study highlighted the evolving capabilities of machine translation in handling nuanced literary language and underscores the continued importance of human oversight in achieving high-quality literary. The research emphasized Involving capabilities of neural machine translation systems, particularly in handling complex and nuanced literary content. However, it also underscored their limitations, especially in capturing cultural subtleties and maintaining the figurative resonance of literary metaphors. It underscored the continued necessity of human oversight to ensure fidelity and artistic integrity in literary translation, offering insights for translators, educators, and MT developers alike.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ohod Faisal Ahmed, Ida Kusuma Dewi, Mohammed Yunus Anis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Function of Phatic Language in The Novel Samuel by Itakrn
This study aims to analyze the phatic function of language in Itakrn's novel Samuel. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive research with the content analysis method. The researcher focused this research using Roman Jakobson's language function theory which states that the phatic function of language consists of four parts, namely: conversation starters, conversation continuation, conversation closings, and expressions in casual chats. The data source for this study was obtained from Itakrn's novel Samuel, the second edition in April 2022 published by PT Akad Media Cakrawala in 2022. Data collection in this study used reading and note-taking techniques. The results of this study indicate that there are four parts of the phatic function in Itakrn's novel Samuel.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zahra, Gazali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating Toontastic into Reading Lessons: A Descriptive Study of Students’ Engagement and Comprehension in Senior High School
This research explores the integration of Toontastic, a digital storytelling application, into reading lessons to enhance students’ engagement and reading comprehension in aSenior high school (SMA) setting. The obejective of this research is to find out how the integration of Toontastic into reading lessons influence students’ engagement and reading comprehension in Senior High School. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research involved classroom observations, student interviews, and analysis of digital storytelling products created by 24 eighth-grade students over a four-week period. The findings reveal that Toontastic significantly improved students’ behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. Learners actively participated in story construction, expressed enthusiasm, and demonstrated deep interaction with the reading materials. Furthermore, students’ digital stories indicated improved comprehension of narrative texts, including accurate retelling, interpretation, and vocabulary use. The research highlights the value of digital storytelling as a learner centered approach that supports both engagement and textual understanding. It concludes with practical recommendations for educators and suggestions for further research, particularly in integrating technology into literacy instruction. This research contributes to the growing field of interactive media in education by providing insights into how digital tools like Toontastic can transform conventional reading practices.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Rahayu, Rahmawati Upa, Paldy, Hafirah Patang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis of Islamic Criminal Law Against Drug Crimes Committed by Children (Analysis of Palopo District Court Decision Number: 47/Pid.Sus.Anak/2016/PN.PLP)
This study examines the application of Islamic criminal law principles in addressing drug-related offenses committed by minors through a critical discourse analysis of Palopo District Court Decision Number 47/Pid.Sus.Anak/2016/PN.PLP. The research explores the intersection between Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and Indonesia's contemporary juvenile justice system, particularly focusing on how Islamic legal principles are interpreted and applied in cases involving child offenders in drug-related crimes. The analysis reveals tensions between traditional Islamic criminal law approaches and modern restorative justice principles embodied in Indonesia's Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. While Islamic law emphasizes the concept of ta'zir (discretionary punishment) and consideration of the offender's circumstances, Indonesian juvenile justice prioritizes rehabilitation, diversion mechanisms, and the child's best interests. The study demonstrates how judicial decisions attempt to reconcile these different legal frameworks, often favoring rehabilitative measures over punitive sanctions. The research employs critical discourse analysis methodology to examine legal language, judicial reasoning, and ideological underpinnings in the court decision. Findings indicate that judges navigate between Islamic legal principles—such as the consideration of mental capacity (ahliyyah) and the protective nature of Sharia toward minors—and secular legal requirements emphasizing restorative justice. The decision reflects Indonesia's pluralistic legal system, where Islamic law influences judicial interpretation while operating within the framework of national criminal law. The study concludes that contemporary Indonesian courts demonstrate flexibility in applying Islamic criminal law principles to juvenile drug cases, prioritizing rehabilitation and child protection over strict punitive measures. This approach aligns with both Islamic jurisprudential concepts of mercy (rahmah) and modern international standards for juvenile justice, suggesting a harmonious integration of religious and secular legal principles in addressing youth criminality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ismail, Muammar Arafat Yusmad, Takdir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Portrayal of Resistance in Rap Lyrics Between Kendrick Lamar and Rich Brian
This study discusses the analysis of rap song lyrics using Hippolyte Taine's theory and a comparison of the depiction of resistance and comparison between two rappers with different backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to reveal the cultural differences between Kendrick Lamar and Rich Brian. The method used is qualitative descriptive. The data used are rap song lyrics from each rappers. This study focuses on the analysis of three songs selected from one album from each artist, three songs from Kendrick Lamar's album "To Pump a Butterfly" that is “Alright” (2015), “The Blacker The Berry” (2015), “Mortal Man” (2015) and Rich Brian's album "The Sailor" that is “Yellow” (2019), “Kids” (2019), and “Currious” (2019). In Kendrick Lamar's three albums "To Pump a Butterfly" there are 7 "Race" theories, 8 "Miilieu", and 1 “Moment” each in each song. While in Rich Brian's album "The Sailor" there are 3 "Race" theories, 4 "Millieu", and 1 "Moment" in each song.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zihan Mailan Nisa, Bunyamin Faisal, Agry Pramita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Correlation Impact Between Problem-Based Learning and Students Interest When Learning English In Junior High School
This study investigates the correlation between the implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and students' interest in learning English at the junior high school level. PBL is a student-centered pedagogical approach that engages learners in solving real-world problems to develop critical thinking, collaboration, and communication skills. The primary research question examines whether the application of PBL significantly influences students’ interest in English language learning. Employing a quantitative correlational design, the study involved 50 eighth-grade students from a public junior high school in Indonesia. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing perceptions of PBL and levels of interest in English learning. The results, analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment correlation test, revealed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.630, p = 0.000), indicating that increased implementation of PBL correlates with higher student interest. These findings underscore the potential of PBL to enhance student engagement and motivation. English language educators are encouraged to adopt PBL strategies to foster more meaningful and interactive learning environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Risna, Ida Wardani, Yuni Utami Asih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Examining the Impact of Emancipated Curriculum on EFL Teachers’ Creativity in Lesson Planning and Teaching Practice at Vocational High School, Semarang Regency, Central Java
This study examines how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Pringapus design and implement creative teaching practices under the Emancipated Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka), utilizing Torrance's (1962) framework of creativity, which encompasses fluency, originality, elaboration, and flexibility. Employing a qualitative single-case study design, data were collected through interviews, classroom observations, and analysis of lesson plans from three EFL teachers with varying backgrounds. Thematic analysis revealed that the Emancipated Curriculum provides significant space for teacher autonomy and creativity, particularly in differentiated instruction, integration of digital tools, and student-centered activities. However, the level of curriculum alignment and creativity varied among teachers, influenced by their pedagogical readiness and openness to innovation. Teachers who embraced differentiated strategies and technological tools demonstrated higher levels of creative fluency and flexibility, while others maintained conventional approaches with limited adaptation. These findings indicate that while the Emancipated Curriculum has the potential to foster innovation, effective implementation requires ongoing professional support. The study offers insights into the critical role of teacher agency and reflective practice in realizing meaningful curriculum transformation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nimas Ulfatuz Zahro Maro, Januarius Mujiyanto, Puji Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Revisiting Indonesian Nursing Students’ Needs and Perceptions on English Learning in Post-Pandemic Era
It is imperative to reassess the requirements of pupils in order to accurately understand their present circumstances, as the Covid-19 pandemic has significantly altered methods of teaching and learning. Given this circumstance, the researchers carried out a survey to determine the precise English language prerequisites of D3 nurses who are pursuing their bachelor's degree, in order to assess the level of importance for students and aid in the development of a suitable curriculum. The study utilized the technique developed by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) to investigate the specific English language requirements and sub-skills that nursing students need in order to effectively pursue their field of study in post COVID-19 era. In addition, the study examined the students' viewpoints on the pertinence of the courses offered to them. Data was gathered by employing questionnaires and conducting interviews. The study's findings suggest that the respondents' view of the full online English language courses they took had a significant impact on their professional growth as nurses. In addition, the participants demonstrated a significant degree of skill in Listening (Grand Mean = 4.1) and Reading (Grand Mean = 4.07) compared to Writing (Grand Mean = 3.97) and Speaking (Grand Mean = 3.92). The research findings suggest that the respondents consider English courses to be relevant. However, there is a need for improvement in the areas of Writing and Speaking.
Copyright (c) 2025 Santa Maya Pramusita, Komilie Situmorang, Bima Adi Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Contextual Storytelling for English Speaking with Local Wisdom: A Development Study
This research aims to explore the effectiveness of contextual storytelling in enhancing English speaking skills among students, with a particular focus on incorporating local wisdom from North Sumatra. The study was conducted with English Education students at STKIP Al Maksum, specifically targeting second-semester students across two classes. The research employed a developmental approach, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The participants engaged in storytelling activities based on local wisdom, integrating both digital storytelling tools and traditional narratives to improve their speaking abilities. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, student feedback surveys, and observations. The results demonstrated significant improvement in students’ fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary usage, and coherence in English speaking. Additionally, students showed a deeper connection to their cultural heritage and reported increased confidence in sharing local stories in English. The integration of digital tools, such as video and audio recordings, proved highly effective in enhancing student engagement and creativity. Overall, the findings suggest that the contextual storytelling model, rooted in local wisdom, is an innovative and effective method for improving students’ English speaking skills while fostering cultural awareness. This study contributes valuable insights to the field of English language teaching by demonstrating the positive impact of incorporating local culture and digital storytelling in language learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Hassan, Donny Adiatmana Ginting, Fernando De Napoli, Rosmen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis on Reconstruction of the Mediation Process of Judges Based on Maslahat at the Palopo Religious Court
This study examines the reconstruction of judicial mediation processes through the lens of critical discourse analysis, focusing on the implementation of maslahat principles at the Palopo Religious Court. The research investigates how Islamic jurisprudential concepts of maslahat (public interest/benefit) can be integrated into contemporary judicial mediation practices to enhance conflict resolution effectiveness within the Indonesian religious court system. Using critical discourse analysis methodology, this study analyzes the linguistic patterns, power dynamics, and ideological frameworks embedded in judicial mediation discourse at the Palopo Religious Court. The research explores how judges construct meaning through language while incorporating maslahat-based approaches in their mediation processes, examining both explicit and implicit discursive strategies that shape dispute resolution outcomes. The findings reveal significant opportunities for reconstructing mediation processes by systematically integrating maslahat principles into judicial discourse. The analysis demonstrates how judges can employ maslahat-oriented language and reasoning to facilitate more culturally relevant and ethically grounded mediation sessions. The study identifies key discursive patterns that either support or hinder the effective application of maslahat in judicial mediation contexts. The research contributes to understanding how Islamic legal principles can be meaningfully incorporated into modern judicial practices through careful attention to discursive construction. The reconstruction model proposed emphasizes the importance of aligning judicial language with maslahat values to achieve more equitable and contextually appropriate dispute resolution outcomes. This study provides practical insights for religious court judges seeking to enhance their mediation practices through maslahat-based approaches while maintaining procedural integrity within the Indonesian legal system. The findings suggest that critical discourse analysis offers valuable tools for understanding and improving the integration of Islamic jurisprudential principles in contemporary judicial mediation processes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Kadir, Mustaming, Abdain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Lexical Cohesion in Conversational Discourse on Sports Media: An Analysis of CBS Sports Golazo’s UCL Today Moments Playlist
This study analyzes the use of lexical cohesion in spoken discourse, particularly within the digital sports media context of CBS Sports Golazo’s UCL Today Moments playlist. Lexical cohesion, as defined by Cutting (2005), encompasses devices such as repetition, synonymy, superordinate terms, and general words, which contribute to the coherence and clarity of spoken interaction. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative method, this research analyzed five episodes from the playlist, totaling approximately 45 minutes of conversational data. The findings reveal that repetition is the most frequently used cohesion device (37%), followed by general words (25.9%), synonyms (24.1%), and superordinate terms (13%). These patterns highlight how speakers naturally employ lexical cohesion to emphasize meaning, avoid redundancy, and maintain discourse continuity in informal, spontaneous settings. The study also underscores the functional significance of lexical cohesion in managing the flow and coherence of talk show interactions. By focusing on two-way digital conversations, this research fills a gap in previous studies that primarily addressed one-directional or written discourse, offering new insights into how lexical cohesion operates in real-time, dialogic communication.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wildan Rayyan Ramadhan, Cipto Wardoyo, Agry Pramita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students` Perspectives on The Use of Preply Application in Reading Vocabulary Skills in Students
This research examines how students view the Preply application as a tool for enhancing their English reading vocabulary skills, employing a qualitative case study approach. In total, there were 27 seventh-grade learners from a junior high school in Delitua who took part in the research. Information was collected through questionnaires administered before and after the study, as well as through semi- structured interviews. After utilizing Preply, students’ confidence in reading vocabulary saw an improvement of 0. 95 points on average. The results indicate that the features of Preply—such as its flexible accessibility, multimedia resources, and the availability of tutors—positively influenced student engagement, motivation, and self-sufficiency. Nevertheless, there were obstacles, including limited access to premium functionalities and insufficient integration with existing curricula. This research is based on the frameworks of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) and Self-Determination Theory, providing valuable insights into incorporating digital tools into formal English education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sania Oktavia Nasution, Siti Ismahani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Students' Engagement and Performance in English-Speaking Class at Senior High School
This study aims to analyze the process of the implementation of speaking using project- based learning method in speaking class at Senior High School and to find out whether the performance of project-based learning in speaking Class, in class twelve Senior High School. The type of research used qualitative method. The implementation of PjBL enables collaboration between students, strengthens social skills, and builds the ability to work in teams. Projects require active communication, sharing of ideas, and assignment of tasks, which can shape students' interpersonal skills. PjBL also provides opportunities for students to develop soft skills, such as leadership, collaboration, and time management, which have long-term value in their personal and professional lives. The result show that the students implementing their project follow the step of the implementing the project during learning in the class. Based on the explaining about we can conclude that the implementing of project-based learning method in speaking class can make the students have to take an active role.
Copyright (c) 2025 Resty Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Modeling Strategy in Improving Students’ Descriptive Texts Comprehension
The aim of this research is to examine how well the modeling method improves EFL students' understanding of descriptive texts. A total of fifty-nine seventh-grade students from SMPN 2 Susoh were split into experimental and control groups for this quasi-experimental study. Traditional training was given to the control group, whereas the experimental group was taught a modeling method that included four stages: text modeling, deconstruction, co-construction, and self-construction. SPSS version 26, which featured independent samples t-tests, normality, homogeneity, and descriptive statistics, was utilized to assess the data. The experimental group improved by an average of 40.62 points on the post-test, whereas the control group improved by 39.71 points, according to the results. Statistical significance was achieved by the change (p =.042). As a result, the modeling technique has a somewhat positive effect on students' comprehension and composition of descriptive texts. These findings imply that the modeling strategy provides a methodical and successful teaching approach for junior high school English instruction, especially in the setting of EFL.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evi Suzanna Evi Suzanna, Nuzulul Isna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Moral and Patriotism Values in The Movie: Disney’s “The Little Mermaid”
This study analyzes moral values and patriotism in Disney's "The Little Mermaid" (2023) using descriptive qualitative methodology with content analysis techniques. The research addresses contemporary society's moral crisis and declining patriotic sentiment, particularly among younger generations, through examining how popular media can serve as educational vehicles for positive value transmission. Utilizing Magnis-Suseno's theoretical framework for moral values and Ginting's patriotism theory, the analysis identified five dominant moral values: courage, integrity, responsibility, cosmic awareness, and reconciliation, categorized across three human relationship dimensions. The patriotism analysis revealed four key values classified into blind and constructive patriotism, with constructive patriotism dominating 75% of examined scenes. Findings demonstrate that courage and integrity are the most prominent moral values, while pro-people leadership and multicultural unity represent significant patriotic elements. The research employed theory triangulation and data source triangulation to ensure validity. Results suggest that Disney's adaptation effectively integrates moral education and patriotic values relevant to Indonesia's contemporary challenges, including elite corruption and political polarization. This study contributes to educational literature by demonstrating how modern film adaptations can serve as meaningful resources for character development and nationalism education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ema Sundari, Wanda Giovani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The The Effect of Project-Based Learning Activities on Students’ Learning Engagement and Achievement in English Classroom at Junior High School
The current research focused on examining the implementation of project-based learning activities to improve students’ learning engagement and learning achievement at Junior High School. Mix-Method approach was adapted by employing sequential explanatory design. There were 62 of eighth-grade students were involved as research samples. They were selected by using cluster random sampling which were divided into control and experimental group. The data were collected from test, questionnaire survey, and interview. The instruments used were speaking and writing rubric assessment, close-ended questionnaire, and interview guide. The quantitative data were analyzed through inferential statistics which was MANOVA analysis meanwhile qualitative data were by adapting Qualitative Data Analysis. The findings revealed that the project-based learning had a significant effect on students’ learning engagement and achievement as well as the implementation was perceived positively by the students.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Made Duta Kharisma, Ni Nyoman Padmadewi, Luh Putu Artini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Expressive Illocutionary Act Uttered by Main Characters in The Look Both Ways Movie
This research analyzes the types of expressive illocutionary acts in the Look Both Ways movie. Data were collected through non-participant observation by watching the film multiple times to identify and classify expressive utterances by the main characters, Nathalie and Cara. The data were categorized using Searle and Vanderveken’s (1985) theory, supported by Halliday and Hasan’s (1985) context of situation. A total of 39 expressive acts were found, with thanking (35.9%) as the most frequent. The context of situation field, tenor, and mode significantly influences the meaning and function of each act. This study highlights the importance of expressive illocutionary acts in building emotional connections and shaping character relationships, while also contributing pragmatic insights into film discourse and enriching linguistic research in cinematic contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Novia Pratiwi, Komang Dian Puspita Candra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dynamic Student’s Public Speaking Through Digital Application
This study explores the perceptions of third-semester students in the English Education Study Program at Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang regarding the use of the Book Creator application as a digital tool to support the development public speaking especially in application of public speaking elements. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data was collected through interviews with 32 students and 1 lecturer teaching the public speaking course, as well as analysis of student video project documents. The results indicate that 29 out of 32 students experienced improvement in at least one element of public speaking, including facial expressions, eye contact, hand gestures, body movements, and voice. Multimedia features such as video, audio, text, and image insertion encouraged repeated practice, self-evaluation, and increased self-confidence. Students also developed greater creativity and clarity in crafting their messages. These results support the implementation of a reflective and student-centered learning approach in a digital environment. However, this study is limited by its small sample size and single institutional context. Practical implications suggest that educators can integrate Book Creator to develop public speaking skills in a flexible and engaging manner, tailored to the needs and learning styles of learners.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmadini Windy Pramesti, Arjulayana, Moh Iqbal Firdaus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Duolingo’s Impacts in Senior High Classrooms
This study investigated the impact of using the Duolingo application on senior high school students' grammar achievement. A total of 70 students participated in the research, divided into experimental and control groups, to evaluate whether integrating Duolingo into language learning enhanced students' grammatical skills. The experimental group used Duolingo for grammar practice, while the control group followed traditional teaching methods. Pre-test and post-test scores were analysed to measure progress. The results indicated a significant improvement in the grammar scores of the experimental group, with an average increase from 66.14 (pre-test) to 76.57 (post-test). In contrast, the control group exhibited minimal improvement, maintaining an average score of 66.14. The findings suggested that Duolingo’s interactive and gamified features motivated students and enhanced their comprehension of grammar rules, leading to better performance. Statistical analysis confirmed that the difference in improvement was significant, leading to the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0). This study underscored the potential of technology-based learning tools like Duolingo in promoting grammar proficiency among senior high school students. However, limitations regarding sample diversity and the duration of intervention highlighted the need for further research to validate long-term effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gladis Alifi Ramadani, Ferra Dian Andanty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Cultural Symbolism in Regional Song Lyrics: Enhancing the Resilience of the Dayak Kanayatn Language
The indigenous communities, including the Dayak Kanayatn, face significant challenges in preserving their language and culture amidst rapid modernization. The traditional Dayak Kanayatn songs are crucial in preserving their culture, as the lyrics contain valuable vocabulary, history, myths, and moral lessons. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing Charles Sanders Peirce's cultural semiotics theory to analyze the signs, referents, and interpretants within the lyrics of nine Dayak Kanayatn songs to uncover their cultural values. The analytical methods employed include transcription of the lyrics, structural and semantic analysis of sentences, identification of cultural symbols, and evaluation of the objects referenced in the lyrics. The meanings derived from the analysis are examined to understand cultural and environmental resilience, and conclusions are drawn based on these findings. The traditional Dayak Kanayatn songs reflect cultural symbols that depict agrarian life, harmony with nature, skills, hard work, well-being, and gratitude. Additionally, these songs also reflect social solidarity, community identity, as well as the life cycle and belief in the universe.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ikhza Mahendra Putra, Hotma Simanjuntak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Decoding TikTok Comedy: An In-depth Analysis of KPPS Humor
On social media, humour is frequently used to comment on current affairs. The purpose of this study was to identify the different kinds and purposes of humour utilized on TikTok about the KPPS phenomenon's virality. The researcher gathered 30 TikTok videos as data using the descriptive qualitative research method, and the study's two primary findings are as follows. First, the study identified five types of humour, with satire being the most prevalent (50%) among them. These categories include satire, irony, sarcasm, puns, and tall tales. Second, certain kinds of humour were employed for several reasons, including identification, differentiation, enforcement, and explanation. Additionally, a relationship between the kinds of humor and its purposes on TikTok was found. It implies that the speakers preferred specific kinds of humour for different reasons. Additionally, the speakers praised KPPS members above other culturally presumed acceptable occupations in Indonesia and denounced unethical actions by dishonest state officials or civil workers using a range of humour types and purposes. The popularity of the KPPS phenomenon and TikTok provides individuals with a safe and creative forum to voice their opinions while also raising awareness of the various social issues affecting their community.
Copyright (c) 2025 Listiana Ikawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Writing Self-Efficacy among EFL Students: The Role of Teachers’ Motivational Practices in Indonesian Higher Education
This study investigates how English lecturers' motivational strategies influence students' self-efficacy in academic writing. Employing a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design (QUAL → quan), the research consisted of two phases: a qualitative inquiry involving semi-structured interviews with three lecturers, followed by a quantitative survey distributed to 30 undergraduate EFL students. The qualitative findings revealed the implementation of motivational practices such as goal-setting, scaffolding, autonomy support, reinforcement, constructive feedback, and classroom climate. Students perceived these strategies as fostering greater writing confidence. A simple linear regression analysis confirmed a significant positive influence of teacher motivational strategies on students' writing self-efficacy (R = 0.511, R² = 0.261, B = 0.320, p = 0.004). These results underscore the pedagogical importance of strategically designed motivational interventions in enhancing EFL learners' self-belief and performance in academic writing. The study highlights the need for professional development programs to equip educators with evidence-based motivational teaching tools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Umi Nurul Fahri, Muh Tahir, Munir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gamified Team Tournaments with QuizWhizzer: Igniting English Learning Outcomes
The study addresses the persistent issue of low student motivation and engagement in English learning, which often leads to suboptimal academic outcomes. To tackle this problem, the research explores the integration of Team Game Tournament (TGT) and QuizWhizzer, combining gamification and collaborative learning strategies. The objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in improving English learning outcomes among junior high school students. A quantitative approach was employed, involving 29 ninth-grade students from UPTD SMPN Satap 9 Barru during the 2024–2025 academic year. Participants were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group utilized TGT and QuizWhizzer, while the control group used Quizizz. Pre-test and post-test data were collected, and a t-test analysis was conducted to measure the impact of the intervention. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in the experimental group’s post-test scores, indicating the method’s effectiveness in enhancing student motivation, engagement, and academic performance. The findings suggest that integrating gamification and collaborative strategies can provide an innovative and effective solution to improve learning outcomes in English education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Satriani, Ammang Latifa, Salasiah Ammade, Rafi’ah Nur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perceptions of Quizizz as a Formative Assessment Tool for Reading Comprehension in EFL Learning
The primary purpose of this study was to explore the application of Quizizz as a formative assessment tool in teaching reading comprehension in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. This study examines high school students’ perceptions of quizzes as a formative assessment tool for reading comprehension within EFL contexts. It focuses on increasing digital-based learning engagement among high school students. Using a quantitative research design, this study surveyed 58 eleventh-grade students from SMA PGRI 2 Bandung who had experience using Quizizz in reading activities. Data were collected through a validated 27-item questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.898). The results revealed that the average student response was in the "High" category (M = 3.43), indicating positive perceptions across aspects such as interactivity, gamification, feedback effectiveness, and ease of use. However, some students reported challenges, including time pressure and technical limitations. This study suggests quizzes can be an effective tool for formative assessment of reading comprehension, especially when integrated with supporting instruction. The broader implications emphasize the importance of digital literacy among teachers and the need for infrastructure to support gamified assessment in EFL learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dea Alawiah Amini, Wahyu Satya Gumelar, Riki Ruswandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sarcasm in I’m Glad My Mom Died by Jennette McCurdy and Its Bahasa Indonesia Translation
In the era of globalization translation has become more important. Humans have even created translation machines to connect people from around the world. However, translator machines are different from human living translators. The sense of one culture cannot be translated by machine. That is why translators are important. This research aims to find out the translation technique used to translate the sarcasm found in the memoir entitled I’m Glad My Mom Died (2022) by Jennette McCurdy. This research used John Dryden’s translation technique to analyse the translation of the sarcasm of the memoir. There are three translation techniques according to Dryden (in Munday, 2002); metaphrase, paraphrase, and imitation. This study also analyzed the types of sarcasm that are found in the memoir based on Camp (2012); like-prefixed, propositional, lexical, and illocutionary. The researchers of this study found 11 sarcasms from the memoir. The 11 data of sarcasm in the book align with the types of sarcasm outlined by Camp (2012). The researcher found four types of sarcasm in the memoir and each of the sarcasms were translated with different techniques. The use of different techniques for each sarcasm is to make it easier for the target audience to understand and to not lose the sarcasm essence from the memoir.
Copyright (c) 2025 Haya Jaida Istiqomah, O. Djuharie Setiwan, Agry Paramitha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Speaking Skill of Grade X Students of Senior Hight School in Palu Through Monologue Technique
This research investigates the effectiveness of the monologue technique in enhancing the speaking skills of tenth-grade students at Senior High School. The study employs a quasi-experimental design, involving pre-test and post-test assessments administered to two groups of students. The experimental group was taught using the monologue technique, while the control group continued with the traditional instructional methods. By comparing the results of both groups, the research aims to identify whether the monologue technique can significantly improve students' speaking abilities. The data were analyzed using a series of statistical tests, most notably the T-test. The results indicated that the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in their speaking performance, in contrast to the control group. Specifically, students in the experimental group showed noticeable progress in terms of fluency and accuracy when speaking in English. This improvement was accompanied by increased levels of confidence and engagement during oral communication activities. The findings of this study suggest that the monologue technique is an effective instructional strategy for improving speaking skills in English. It helps students become more articulate and confident in their language use, making it a valuable addition to English language teaching practices in secondary schools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alfiani, Abd. Kamaruddin, Desrin Lebagi, Mawardin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Linguistic Analysis of Derivational Suffixes in Short Story Entitled “The Nightingale and The Rose” by Oscar wilde
This study aims to analyze the types of derivational suffixes found in the short story The Nightingale and the Rose by Oscar Wilde. The background of this research lies in the importance of understanding word formation processes through derivational suffixes in literary texts, which enrich the meaning and function of words. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with documentation as the data collection technique. The data was taken from the eBook version of the story, downloaded from Project Gutenberg. The analysis is based on the theories of Plag (2003) and Katamba (1993), who classify derivational suffixes into four types: nominal, adjectival, verbal, and adverbial. The results show that there are 53 derivational suffixes found, consisting of 24 adjectival (45.29%), 19 nominal (35.85%), 10 adverbial (18.87%), and 0 verbal (0%) suffixes. Adjectival suffixes are the most dominant, indicating that descriptive elements and characterization are central to the narrative. In conclusion, the use of derivational suffixes, especially adjectival ones, plays a significant role in shaping the stylistic and morphological richness of the literary text.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Kadek Kesia Lastari, Ida Bagus Gede Nova Winarta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teachers’ Speech Acts on Students’ Engagement in Indonesian EFL Classrooms
Strategic use of teacher’s language in the classroom has been acknowledged to play pivotal role in shaping the extent of students’ engagement. Despite extensive research on the subject, a limited understanding remains on the potential’s mismatch between teacher’s practice and students’ preference. This study examines how specific teacher’s speech acts, as a part of teacher’s language, influence Indonesian EFL students’ engagement and investigates which types of speech acts students perceive as most engaging. To achieve the objectives, the study collected the data through video-taped observations and a close-ended 20-item questionnaire administered to 47 junior high school students in Garut. The findings show that the teacher’s speech acts, particularly Directives, Assertives, and Expressives, exert substantial influence on the students’ behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement. Notably, despite the prominent role of those speech acts in fostering engagement during classroom interaction, students' self-reported preferences through questionnaires indicated that Expressives and Declarations were perceived as the most engaging. This discrepancy suggests that while teachers predominantly use instructional speech acts (e.g., Directives and Assertives), students exhibit a stronger affinity to Expressives and Declarations, which often incorporate elements of emotional connection, motivation, and humor. These findings reinforce the necessity for a balanced and dynamic pedagogical approach in EFL settings, by integrating various speech acts to optimize students’ engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sinta Dewi, Virna Alfiqa Sopwani, Agis Aeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Web-Based Blooket in Improving Students Mastery of English Vocabulary
This study investigates the effectiveness of using Blooket, a web-based educational game, to improve English vocabulary mastery among fifth-grade students at SDN 6 Susoh, Southwest Aceh. Employing a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, the study involved 30 students who received four sessions of Blooket-based learning focused on family member vocabulary. Data were collected using a 20-item multiple-choice test administered before and after the intervention. Analysis through descriptive statistics and a paired sample t-test revealed a significant increase in students’ vocabulary scores from a mean of 37.53 on the pretest to 74.83 on the posttest, with a p-value of <0.001. These findings suggest that Blooket effectively enhances vocabulary mastery by increasing student engagement and reducing achievement gaps through interactive, gamified learning. Despite the study’s limitations—such as the absence of a control group and a small sample size—Blooket demonstrates promise as a practical and motivating tool for primary school vocabulary instruction, particularly in rural contexts where traditional methods may fall short.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eva Yanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Using Animated Videos to Improve Students Vocabulary and Pronunciation in English Language Learning
This study aims to determine the effect of animated videos in improving students' vocabulary and pronunciation in English language learning. The subjects in this study were grade fifth students totaling 36 elementary school students who followed the learning process with animated video media as an intervention. The method used was a quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-test design. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results showed a significant increase in students' vocabulary and pronunciation skills after the intervention. The statistical test showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results of students' vocabulary and pronunciation skills. These findings reinforce the theory that audiovisual media, particularly animated videos, can help improve students' memory, context understanding, and learning motivation. Therefore, the use of animated videos as learning media is highly recommended to improve students' English proficiency in an effective and fun way. Keywords: animated video, vocabulary, pronunciation, English language learning, elementary school students
Copyright (c) 2025 Revia Febriyanita. M, Nuzulul Isna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
This study examines the types and meanings of slang words used in Rick Famuyiwa's "Dope" movie (2015), and the research addresses the gap in understanding community-specific communication patterns by analysing authentic teenage dialogue through the theoretical framework for slang classification proposed by Allan and Burridge (2006). This study used qualitative descriptive methodology to identify and categorise slang expressions from the film's dialogue and transcript. The analysis identified 91 slang words, which were classified into five types: flippant, fresh and creative, imitative, clipping, and acronym. Flippant, fresh and creative slang indicates that characters use language that is innovative and different from standard meanings, reflecting the dynamic nature of urban youth communication. Slang is employed to establish interpersonal relationships, create group identities and express emotions. The findings contribute to an understanding of how slang is used in media representations, enriching the knowledge of youth culture and its application in film.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hanifa Fildza Ghassani, Otong Setiawan Djuharie, Toneng Listiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Strategies in Learning English
English is an international language that is essential to master, especially in terms of speaking skills. However, many students still face limited vocabulary, pronunciation difficulties, and a lack of confidence. This study, conducted in Aceh Barat Daya, Indonesia, explores students' strategies for improving their English-speaking proficiency using a qualitative case study approach. A total of 9 junior high school students (ages 13–15) from three schools were selected through purposive sampling based on their English proficiency, participation in academic activities, and additional learning experiences. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. The findings indicate that students employ a range of strategies to enhance their speaking skills, with learning and practice strategies being the most prevalent. The strategies employed include direct strategies (reading, looking for pronunciation, practicing, listening, and using English applications) and indirect strategies (using social media, structured lessons, self-directed learning, making friends with foreigners, and asking teachers and peers). The study recommends that teachers integrate these varied strategies into classroom instruction and promote technology-assisted speaking practice to better support students' development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dara Jelita, Nuzulul Isna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Probing Digital Media Usage at State Islamic Colleges in North Sumatera; from Advantages to Challenges
Utilizing digital media platforms have been obligated for all educators including lecturers to face the educational development. However, there are still many lecturers who are not familiar with their advances and not ready with their usages in teaching. The objectives of this study are to see types of digital media platforms applied by the lecturers and to know advantages derived and challenges faced. The research was done with descriptive qualitative method and 13 English lecturers from the State Islamic Colleges in North Sumatera were chosen purposively as research respondents. To get the data needed, questionnaires were distributed, and interviews were done to respondents. To analyze the questionnaires data, the frequencies as well as percentages were counted, and data reduction, description, display, and conclusion were done to analyze interview data. This study found WA Group is the most preferred platform by the lecturers in blended learning followed by Google Meet, Zoom, Google Classroom, and Quizizz as well as Kahoot. Then, it is revealed that digital media help learners to have lots of interaction with peers and digital media also can motivate lecturers to develop their teaching professionalism. Finally, this research gives some contribution mostly to students and lecturers about types of digital media as well as the advantages of using digital media in teaching and learning process and it informs some challenges faced by students and teachers in making use of the digital media.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sokhira Linda Vinde Rambe, Yusni Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Humor Maintenance and Translation Techniques in Cunk on Earth - In the Beginnings's Indonesian Subtitles
This study (2023–2024) investigates humor translation challenges in audiovisual media, analyzing Indonesian subtitles of the British mockumentary Cunk on Earth (2022), a satirical show hosted by Philomena Cunk that parodies documentaries with absurd, deadpan comedy. Focusing on 128 humorous utterances (yielding 228 technique instances), the research applies Molina and Albir’s (2002) translation framework to identify strategies that preserve comedic effect amid cultural- linguistic gaps. A mixed-method approach combined qualitative analysis with audience evaluations: three native English speakers validated humor segments, while 15 Indonesian participants rated translation effectiveness on a three-point scale (entirely, partially, or lost). Findings revealed 12 techniques, with Literal Translation (24.78%), Linguistic Compression (16.37%), and Modulation (15.04%) most frequent. Surprisingly, Literal Translation succeeded most often (19.56% of fully preserved humor), while Adaptation and Compensation underperformed. Overall, 53.91% of translations retained the humor fully, underscoring the efficacy of specific techniques for mockumentary-style satire. The study highlights the importance of flexible, audience-tailored strategies in subtitling deadpan humor and provides empirical insights to audiovisual translation research, particularly for understudied genres such as mockumentaries. Practical implications for subtitling practice and training are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salwa Caesar Ramadhanty Supratman, Issy Yuliasri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Diverging Attitudes in 2024 Indonesian Election Coverage: The Jakarta Post vs. Independent Observer
This study aimed to explore the utilization of attitudes in editorial articles about the 2024 Indonesian presidential election in The Jakarta Post and Independent Observer. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this study adopts the APPRAISAL theory by Martin & White, (2005) and Martin & Rose (2007) to analyze and interpret the evaluative language employed in the articles. The data were taken from editorial articles related to the 2024 Indonesian presidential election published in The Jakarta Post and Independent Observer from the end of 2023 to early 2024. This study employs textual and discourse analyses to examine the interpersonal language used and its broader social implications. The findings revealed that Appreciation is the most frequent category with 251 items (66%), followed by Judgment with 96 items (25%), and Affect with 33 items (9%). These findings indicate that the appreciation portrays the media's role in subtly guiding the audience's evaluation of political events, allowing for a space where audiences can form their own interpretations while still being subtly influenced by the media's tone. The judgment values used in the media imply that the media contributes to crafting a more competent and trustworthy image of politicians, which can influence the way voters view and assess them. Finally, the negative effect, especially insecurity, illustrates how the media may amplify doubts or fears related to the feasibility of government programs, which could influence public opinion and perception of political candidates. Furthermore, this study serves as a valuable reference for future researchers interested in media discourse analysis, particularly in the context of political journalism.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khoirina Muqtafia, Widhiyanto, Henrikus Joko Yulianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFL Undergraduate Students' Perceptions of Slick Write as Web-Based Writing Support Tools: A Qualitative Case Study
The integration of web-based writing support tools in EFL writing instruction has gained attention due to their potential to address students' writing challenges. This study investigates EFL undergraduate students' perceptions of Slick Write as a web-based writing support tool in academic contexts. The study employed a qualitative case study approach. At the same time, the data were collected from ten eighth-semester undergraduate students at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra through closed-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. All participants had prior experience using Slick Write for at least one semester in their academic writing tasks. Data from questionnaires and interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-step thematic analysis framework. The findings revealed five main themes: effectiveness in detecting grammar errors, clarity and quality of feedback, increased writing autonomy and confidence, enhanced structured revision practices, and suitability with academic writing conventions. A significant concern identified was potential over-reliance on automated tools. While findings highlight Slick Write's benefits in supporting academic writing development, they also suggest the need for balanced implementation to prevent dependency. This study contributes to computer-assisted language learning literature by examining a less-explored tool through sociocultural and automated writing evaluation theoretical lenses, providing insights into technology-mediated writing instruction in Indonesian Islamic higher education contexts. Future research should explore the long-term impact of web-based writing tools on writing development and investigate their effectiveness across different academic disciplines
Copyright (c) 2025 Anis Syafa Wani, Utami Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring the Impact of Music on English Language Acquisition Among Alpha Generation: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
This research investigates the influence of music on English language learning among Generation Alpha students at SMP IT Sains Albiruni in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires from five participants chosen through purposive sampling, utilizing a qualitative case study methodology. According to Automaticity Theory (LaBerge & Samuels, 1974; DeKeyser, 2001), the results indicate that 94% of students perceive vocabulary retention as more manageable when facilitated by music, whereas 100% acknowledge enhanced pronunciation. Furthermore, 89% of participants assert that music improves their enthusiasm to acquire English. Music-based learning promotes student engagement with authentic language input and enhances listening comprehension abilities. The research indicates that incorporating music-based techniques into language education improves engagement, language proficiency, and motivation among Generation Alpha students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Venny Tawaffani Muslimah, Wahyu Satya Gumelar, Riki Ruswandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
News In Levels website to sharpen students’ critical thinking: Student’s Perspective
This study explores the explorer of News in Levels as a learning medium in enhancing reading skills and critical thinking among fifth-semester students of the English Education Program at Universitas of Indonesia. News in Levels is an online news platform that presents current events in three levels of English proficiency, allowing students to engage with content suited to their language ability. The platform not only supports literal comprehension but also encourages students to analyze information, construct arguments, and compare news across levels—core components of critical thinking. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through interviews involving three students who actively use News in Levels in their learning process. The interviews focused on students’ perceptions of how the platform helps them understand texts more deeply, identify main ideas, draw conclusions, and respond to current issues reflectively and critically. Findings indicate that News in Levels assists students not only in understanding English texts but also in developing analytical thinking about news content. All three participants reported that reading news across different levels enabled them to build layered comprehension, which eventually led to deeper analysis. The platform’s audio features and simple yet informative structure made it easier for students to identify the writer’s perspective and form their own opinions based on the information read. Thus, News in Levels proves to be an effective learning medium for improving not only reading skills but also critical thinking abilities, particularly in the context of English as a foreign language learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hanifah Azhari, Robiatul Adawiyah , Eliasanti Agustina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Interactive Learning Media Based-Canva in General English at Al-Islam polytechnic
The development of technology in education has had a significant impact on English Language Teaching (ELT), including General English learning model. In General English learning, teachers are required to use learning models that improve student's interest in learning process. One of learning model to teach General English for students is applying technology media based-Canva. This learning media created by taking the needs which coverage of General English learning material. The aim of this research is to determine the development of learning media and to know students’ responses to the interactive learning media based-Canva in General English. This research applies Research and Development (R & D). The development model in this study uses the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. The subjects in this research are 16 undergraduate students of Hospital Administration/23 at Al-Islam Polytechnic. The instruments used in this study were an open questionnaire sheet, material aspect validation sheet, and media aspect validation sheet. The analytical technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis technique and quantitative analysis by finding the average score obtained from the validator’s assessment and looking at the criteria. Validation results from experts of media tell a percentage of 96%, which is included in the very valid category. Meanwhile, validation results from experts of material obtained a percentage of 95%, that is very valid category. Meanwhile, the feasibility of interactive media learning based-Canva, obtained a percentage of 94% with the criteria "Very Good". It can be concluded that interactive learning media is "Appropriate" criteria for use as learning media. In addition, this result of the study can be used as a beginning step to conduct further research to investigate the long-term impact of Canva-based interactive learning media on student engagement and learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyu Trimastuti, Rudi Hartono, Sri Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Translation of Introduction Part of Academy’s Genius Swordmaster’s Comic Using Machine Translation
This study examined the accuracy and clarity of machine translation in the context of fictional texts, with a specific focus on the comic Academy’s Genius Swordmaster. Using Google Translate as the primary tool, a qualitative analysis was conducted to evaluate how effectively the machine translated the comic’s content. The results revealed that 63% of the translated text contained errors, with many issues related to accuracy such as overly literal translations, incorrect word choices, and loss of intended meaning. Problems with clarity were also frequent, as many sentences sounded unnatural, too formal, or awkward in Indonesian, disrupting the flow and making them harder to read. These shortcomings were particularly noticeable in emotional storytelling, where tone, character expression, and cultural nuance play a key role in delivering the intended message. The findings highlight that despite recent advancements, current MT systems still face significant challenges in rendering creative and context-sensitive texts. Future research could expand this work by testing multiple MT systems or exploring post-editing approaches to improve translation quality in fictional narratives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arya Nurusy Syifa, Ruminda, Ice Sariyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Qualitative Study on the Implementation of Jigsaw Model Cooperative Learning Strategies in Teaching Descriptive Texts at Senior High School: Challenges and Peer Interactions
This study investigated the implementation and effects of the Jigsaw model cooperative learning strategy in teaching descriptive text writing to students at Senior High School, particularly in the post-COVID- 19 pandemic context. The research aimed to explore how teachers utilize the Jigsaw method, identify the challenges they face, and analyze how peer interactions contribute to improved descriptive writing skills. A qualitative descriptive research design was employed, utilizing observation checklists, interview guides, and document analysis for data collection. The study involved one English teacher and 33 students from class XI-G at Senior High School. Findings indicate that teachers successfully applied the Jigsaw method by forming diverse groups, providing clear instructions, and closely monitoring group discussions. Despite challenges such as managing group dynamics, encouraging passive student participation, and time constraints, observable improvements in students' writing abilities were noted. Active peer interactions, including idea sharing, collaborative efforts, and constructive criticism, significantly reinforced students' comprehension of text structures and motivated them to write better. Comprehensive assessment rubrics, evaluating grammar, substance, coherence, and structural adherence, confirmed gains in writing quality. The study concludes that the Jigsaw approach effectively fosters students' comprehension and growth in descriptive writing. Teachers plan to continue using this strategy, especially for introducing new content. The theoretical underpinnings of cooperative learning (Aronson, 1978; Johnson S Johnson, 1999, 2009) and social constructivism (Bruner, 1996) provide a robust framework for understanding how the Jigsaw model, through student cooperation, aids in overcoming challenges and enhancing descriptive writing abilities within a safe and stimulating learning environment, ultimately improving academic performance and critical communication skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmi, Muhammad Tahir, Andi Anto Patak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Social Construction of Colorblind Community in The Blind Side Movie by John Lee Hancock: A Discourse Analysis
This research examines the representation and ideological construction of “Color Blindness” in the film The Blind Side, directed by John Lee Hancock, using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. The purpose of this study is to answer three main questions: (a) how colorblindness is portrayed in story; (b) How is colorblind community constructed in the story; and (c) How does colorblind community socially construct a power relation in the story. The findings of the analysis demonstrate that The Blind Side not only tells an inspiring story of Michael Oher’s life change but also represents the narrative’s dominance from a white perspective and the inclination to simplify the complexities of racial relations. The portrayal of the Tuohy family as white saviors, as well as Michael Oher being held in stereotypes, subtly emphasizes racial hierarchy. In addition, the movie contains forms of prejudice camouflaged in positive tales, which overlook the context of systemic injustice. This study adds to media studies by demonstrating how colorblind ideology in popular media may be a tool of symbolic domination, masking issues of racism and socioeconomic inequality. It emphasizes the importance of critical readings of media representations to understand their influence on social constructions of race, power, and identity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laksita Kumala Dewi, Rahayu Puji Haryanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Project Based Learning to Improve Students’ Achievement and Motivation in the Speaking Class at Tenth Grade Vocational High School
This study was intended to find out whether the Project-Based Learning implementation is effective in improving students’ speaking skills. The researcher employed a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, including pre- and post-tests, to assess students’ productive skills, particularly in speaking. Besides, the researcher interviewed the teacher and the students to ask their perceptions of the implementation of project-based learning. There were 20 students as the respondents. Tenth-grade students of SMK TKJ Nurul Islami became the experimental class. The mean score showed that the pretest was 51.18. On the other hand, the mean score of the posttest was 78. The percentage and frequency of students' scores on the pretest for the experimental class showed that six students, or 35%, received an average score, while fourteen students, or 84%, received a poor score. However, after implementing the project-based learning method in the classroom, the results improved. In the posttest, four students (24%) achieved very good scores, eight students (47%) received good scores, and eight students (47%) received average scores. There was a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest. Based on the result, there was a significant difference between the experimental class in their speaking achievement. It means that the implementation of Project-Based Learning was beneficial in improving students' speaking ability in reporting descriptive text.
Copyright (c) 2025 Karsimah, Eni Rahayu Puji Haryanti, Widhiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Benefits and Challenges in Learning English Through Quizwhizzer
Quizwhizzer is one of the ICT tools that can bring positive impacts on students' performance. On the other hand, since Quizwhizzer contains game elements, it potentially distracts students from the learning process, and teachers and students face several challenges when utilizing it in the classroom. In line with these issues, the present study aims to investigate the benefits and challenges of learning English through Quizwhizzer, as well as to uncover suggestions for overcoming these challenges. To address these issues, a mixed method was used and collected data through observation, open-ended questionnaire and interview over 4 months. Our sample of participants studies in a public school particularly SMPN 189 Jakarta. This study took the data from one classroom from the seventh grade students. 33 students who had participated in answering an open-ended questionnaire and 5 students who had participated in an interview. The findings in general revealed that Quizwhizzer can bring positive impacts in learning English, which are increasing students’ motivation (59%), reducing time consumption (34%) and interaction (7%). Furthermore, there are several challenges with the use of Quizwhizzer which are related to the lack of infrastructure (83%) and training (17%). The findings suggest the importance of providing good infrastructure (81%) and training (19%) for students and teachers to overcome the problems. The study offers theoretical insights for educators seeking to integrate Quizwhizzer into language learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Christian Siregar, Fenny Yutika Seli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gamified Digital Learning with Wordwall: An Experimental Study on Grammar Achievement
This study examines the effect of using the Wordwall application as Digital Gamification Media on the grammar achievement of tenth-grade students. Many students struggle with constructing correct sentences due to monotonous learning methods that fail to motivate them. To address this issue, the study employed Wordwall, an interactive digital game-based learning technology designed to enhance the engagement and effectiveness of grammar instruction. The study employed a quantitative research approach with a proper experimental design, including a pre-test and post-test. The population of this study consisted of all 10th-grade students at SMAN 1 Wringinanom, totaling 418 individuals across 11 classrooms, including a special class of 38 pupils. The study included 38 students from class X-1 as the experimental group and 38 students from class X-2 as the control group. The researcher employed cluster random sampling to select the sample. Data collection was conducted through pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed a significant effect in the experimental group's grammar performance, with the mean score increasing from 67.16 to 82.42, while the control group's score rose from 63.68 to 70.47. Statistical analysis confirmed data normality and a significant difference in post-test scores (p < 0.05), indicating that the use of Wordwall positively impacted students’ grammar achievement. Based on the analysis, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, indicating a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Consequently, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, confirming that the treatment or intervention applied in the study had a measurable impact on student outcomes. This means that the use of the Wordwall application affected grammar achievement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yuliana Dewi Sulianto, Eliasanti Agustina, Endang Mastuti Rahayu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Wordwalls Application In Teaching Writing Skill Experimental Research At Junior High school
In the academic year 2024–2025, this study intends to examine how the Wordwall program affects the writing abilities of eighth-grade students at SMP Junior High School. Writing is often a challenging skill for students, particularly at the junior high school level, where issues such as limited vocabulary, grammatical errors, and lack of motivation are common. Wordwall, an educational tool designed to enhance learning through interactive exercises, was used as the medium in this study. The study used a one-group pre-test-post-test design and a quantitative pre-experimental methodology. The sample consisted of 38 students from class VIII-B. The pre-test measured students' initial writing abilities, followed by a treatment using Wordwall that focused on vocabulary enhancement, writing strategies, and real-time feedback. A post-test was carried out following the procedure to assess improvements in writing skills. Statistical analysis using a one-sample t-test showed a notable enhancement in pupils' writing skills, with the post-test scores (mean = 73.39) being higher than the pre-test scores (mean = 54.44). The results indicated the pupils' writing abilities were enhanced by using Wordwall, especially in vocabulary acquisition, idea generation, and writing organization. The findings suggest that Wordwall is an effective tool for improving junior high school pupils' writing abilities, offering an enjoyable and engaging approach to learning. The study concludes that Wordwall can be an influential resource in improving writing competencies in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nikmatul Laili, Moh. Hafidz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Legal Analysis of The Judge's Decision on The Criminal Act of Money Politics in the 2019 Elections in East Luwu (Study of Decision Number 61/Pid.Sus/2019/Pn.Mll): A Critical Discourse Analysis
This study examines the judicial discourse surrounding money politics in Indonesian electoral processes through a critical discourse analysis of Decision Number 61/PID.SUS/2019/PN.MLL from the Malili District Court regarding criminal acts of money politics during the 2019 elections in East Luwu Regency. Using Fairclough's three-dimensional framework of critical discourse analysis, this research investigates how legal language constructs and legitimizes judicial reasoning in electoral corruption cases, while examining the underlying power relations and ideological assumptions embedded within the court's decision. The methodology combines textual analysis, discursive practice examination, and sociocultural practice investigation to uncover how the judge's linguistic choices reflect broader institutional attitudes toward electoral integrity and democratic governance. The study analyzes lexical choices, syntactic structures, modality, and argumentation patterns within the legal text to reveal how judicial discourse shapes public understanding of electoral crimes and their consequences. Key findings reveal that the judicial discourse employs specific linguistic strategies that position money politics as a threat to democratic legitimacy while simultaneously reinforcing state authority in electoral oversight. The analysis demonstrates how legal language serves not merely as a neutral vehicle for justice delivery but as a powerful tool for constructing social reality and reinforcing existing power structures. The court's decision reflects tensions between legal formalism and contextual considerations of local political dynamics in East Luwu. The research contributes to understanding how judicial discourse in Indonesia's post-reform era constructs electoral integrity narratives and legitimizes legal interventions in political processes. It reveals the complex interplay between legal reasoning, political context, and social power relations in contemporary Indonesian democracy. The findings have implications for legal reform, judicial training, and broader discussions about combating electoral corruption in emerging democracies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Egi Ramdhani Syahriwijaya, Muammar Arafat Yusmad, Firman Muh. Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Application Of Project-Based Differentiation Learning for The Development of Short Story Writing Skills in Junior High School Class IX
This study aims to describe the application of project-based differentiation learning in the development of short story writing skills in Grade IX junior high school students. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interview, and document analysis. The results showed that the application of project-based differentiation learning allows students to develop writing skills optimally according to their individual needs and potentials. This strategy is also effective in improving creativity, understanding the structure of short stories, and students' expression skills in writing. Thus, project-based differentiation learning can be an innovative alternative to writing learning at the junior high level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Esa Primary, Irma Suryani, Maizar Karim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Elementary School Students' Reading Interest: A Systematic Literature Review
Reading interest plays a crucial role in the development of literacy skills among elementary school students. The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has led to various innovations in education, particularly in fostering students' engagement with reading materials. This study aims to analyze the impact of AI on improving reading interest in elementary students through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Various studies from online databases were collected and reviewed to examine how AI-based tools influence reading motivation. The findings suggest that AI applications such as interactive storytelling, personalized learning assistants, and adaptive reading platforms significantly contribute to increasing students' enthusiasm for reading. However, challenges such as accessibility, teacher readiness, and content suitability remain key concerns. This study provides insights for educators and policymakers in integrating AI effectively to enhance early literacy development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurila Sari Ray, Yundi Fitrah, Adiopenta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Structure, Meaning, and Cultural Values of Syair Mantau in the Kenduri Sko Traditional Ritual in Kerinci
This study aims to examine the structure, meaning, and cultural values embedded in the oral tradition of Mantau, performed during the Kenduri Sko ritual in Lempur Tengah Village, Kerinci Regency. As a form of oral literature, Mantau consists of rhythmic poetic verses sung during the traditional Tauh dance. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a structuralist approach. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with 12 informants—including Mantau performers, traditional leaders, and cultural experts—and documentation of three live performances over a three-month period. The analysis draws on theories of structuralism (Nurgiyantoro), meaning (Chaer; Abdullah), and cultural values (Djamaris). Findings reveal that Mantau lyrics possess distinct physical structures, including specific diction, rhyme, figurative language, and rich imagery. Internally, they reflect themes of gratitude, spirituality, social harmony, and moral values. The meanings conveyed span lexical, grammatical, and cultural domains, highlighting the Kerinci community’s worldview. The cultural values embedded in Mantau encompass religious devotion, harmonious coexistence with nature, social cohesion, and self-reflection. These findings underscore Mantau not merely as ritualistic entertainment but as a vital medium for intergenerational transmission of Kerinci identity and values, offering broader implications for oral literature preservation in a modernizing world.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sherly Leola, Warni, Nazurty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Using Artificial Intelligence in Folk Tale Learning
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in folk tale learning represents a transformative educational approach, enhancing engagement, understanding, and accessibility. AI-driven platforms facilitate narrative comprehension by providing adaptive and interactive learning environments. Computational models of narrative ability enable AI systems to simulate human-like comprehension, adjusting storytelling elements based on learners' responses. Interactive storytelling tools further support language acquisition and critical thinking by allowing learners to influence narrative outcomes. Additionally, AI fosters inclusive education through accessibility features, such as audio descriptions and scaffolding strategies for diverse learners. AI-driven adaptive learning methodologies also enhance personalized learning experiences, catering to individual needs. Moreover, intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) provide real-time feedback, optimizing instructional strategies while allowing educators to focus on pedagogical development. By revolutionizing folk tale learning, AI enhances narrative engagement, supports second-language learning, and assists educators in instructional design. This study explores the effectiveness of AI in folk tale learning by analyzing engagement levels, comprehension improvements, and accessibility benefits. Findings suggest that AI enhances folk tale learning through personalized, interactive, and adaptive storytelling experiences, fostering greater learner participation and comprehension.
Copyright (c) 2025 Qoriana Kiki, Hary Soedarto, Priyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Language Trends on TikTok: Impacts on Indonesian Communication
This study explores the emerging language trends on the TikTok platform and their impacts on communication in Indonesia. As TikTok continues to grow as a dominant social media platform, understanding language adaptation and usage among its users becomes increasingly significant. This research employs a qualitative method through content analysis of high-interaction TikTok videos to examine linguistic patterns. The findings reveal that slang, code-switching, and local cultural elements play a crucial role in shaping communication styles. Slang expressions, often derived from youth culture and internet memes, are widely used to create a sense of identity and belonging among users. Code-switching between Indonesian, English, and regional languages is also prevalent, reflecting the dynamic and multilingual nature of digital communication. Additionally, the incorporation of local cultural elements, such as traditional phrases and dialects, enriches interactions, making them more relatable to specific audiences. These linguistic trends contribute to the evolution of digital communication, influencing how Indonesian youth express themselves and engage with online communities. The study highlights the significance of TikTok as a platform where language is not only a tool for interaction but also a means of cultural expression and identity formation. By analyzing these trends, this research provides valuable insights into the shifting communication patterns in Indonesia’s digital landscape.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisa Ananda Wijaya Lisa, Yundi Fitrah, Maizar Karim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Writing a Thesis by EFL Postgraduate Students
This research explores the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in thesis writing by four postgraduate students who are English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners at an Indonesian university. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected over a two-month period through open-ended questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis. The findings reveal that students utilized various AI tools such as Grammarly, QuillBot, ChatGPT, Claude, Meta AI, and Perplexity, across different stages of their writing process, including brainstorming, paraphrasing, grammar correction, structural organization, and language refinement. Before adopting AI, participants encountered challenges in idea development, coherence, and linguistic accuracy. Following the integration of AI tools, they reported improvements in clarity, organization, and writing confidence. Most students expressed a strong willingness to continue using AI due to its perceived benefits in enhancing efficiency, precision, and learning outcomes. While limited to one university context in Indonesia, this study provides insights into the positive role of AI integration in supporting academic writing development among EFL postgraduate students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asmawati, Utami Dewi, Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilizing Wordwall as A Media Learning in Enhancing Students’ Vocabulary : Students’ Perception
This study aims to explore students’ perceptions of the use of Wordwall as a digital media tool to enhance vocabulary learning in English classrooms. As vocabulary is a crucial component in language acquisition, interactive and engaging media such as Wordwall are expected to improve student learning outcomes and motivation. The participants of this study were five seventh-grade students from a junior high school, selected using purposive sampling based on their experience using Wordwall during English lessons. This research employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design to gain an in-depth understanding of students’ subjective experiences. Data were collected through participant observation, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire was based on three constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2): performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and hedonic motivation. Data were analyzed thematically by identifying patterns, formulating meaning, and describing the essence of the participants’ experiences. The findings reveal that students generally perceive Wordwall positively. Most participants stated that Wordwall made vocabulary learning more enjoyable and helped them memorize new words faster (performance expectancy). They also found it relatively easy to use after guidance from the teacher (effort expectancy) and expressed that the learning process felt more like a game than a traditional classroom activity (hedonic motivation). However, some students experienced initial confusion with the interface and game rules. Overall, the use of Wordwall created a more engaging and motivating learning environment, supporting vocabulary development through interactive digital learning experiences. Keywords: digital media; interactive learning; students’ perception; vocabulary learning; Wordwall
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Fadhilah, Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Scratch Programming on Improving Students English Skills
This study examines the influence of Scratch programming on enhancing students' proficiency in the English language. The research was carried out for a duration of two years in five primary schools. It employed a quantitative descriptive approach, gathering data using online surveys from a total of 18 instructors. The findings suggest that the use of Scratch programming has a substantial positive impact on different facets of English competence, such as the acquisition of vocabulary, comprehension of instructional material, reading and writing abilities, and grammar skills. Teachers expressed a strong understanding of Scratch and noticed significant enhancements in their pupils' linguistic skills. The results endorse the incorporation of visual programming languages such as Scratch into school curriculum as a means to successfully augment English language education. Additional research is advised to investigate the long-term effects and optimal methods for incorporating Scratch into language learning environments
Copyright (c) 2025 Yayang Ariawan, Djoko Sutrisno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
This study aims to describe the forms and usage of address terms in the Buol language as used by the community in Kali Subdistrict, Biau District, Buol Regency. The Buol language possesses a system of address that reflects social structure, kinship relations, and local cultural values. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, recording, and note-taking techniques. The findings reveal seven forms of address terms: (1) pronominal address, (2) personal names, (3) kinship terms, (4) social status, (5) community figures, (6) physical-based nicknames, and (7) habitual-based nicknames. The use of address terms depends on factors such as age, social position, kinship ties, and the context of formal or informal situations. This research highlights the importance of documenting and preserving the Buol language and encourages younger generations to safeguard this cultural heritage.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nadia Pratiwi Laindjong, Idris https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Students’ Perception Towards ChatGPT for Academic Writing at English Study Program FKIP Universitas Riau
This research is aims to find out students' perception towards ChatGPT for academic writing at English Study Program, FKIP Universitas Riau. In this research, quantitative method was used and data was collected using online questionnaire from G-form. For the sample, this research used purposive sampling technique, where 73 respondents met the criteria set by the researcher so that they were used as respondents in this research. The findings show that students have a positive perception of ChatGPT, with an overall average score of 3.73 which falls into the high category. Students responded positively to the ease of using ChatGPT, improving the quality of academic writing, improving students' writing skills, helping in finding ideas or finding additional references quickly, improving grammar, helping to paraphrase so that overall, it can be said that ChatGPT is useful for students who help them in the academic writing process. However, there are some students who are still hesitant to use ChatGPT in the long run. This hesitation may be due to concerns related to the impact caused by its use such as the emergence of dependency, and the accuracy of answers that are sometimes less precise or misleading. To address this, students are advised to use ChatGPT by not rely entirely on this tool. They still need to verify information and combine it with credible academic sources.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Khofifah Lubis, Fadly Azhar, Afrianto Daud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Poster for Teaching Vocabulary to Young Learners
This study aimed to develop the posters designed for teaching vocabulary to young learners, specifically within the context of TK Primanda UNTAN in Pontianak. This study utilized the ADDIE development model, focusing on three phases: analysis, design, and development. Data were collected through an interview and an assessment rubric to evaluate the final product. Analysis of the data was conducted using Aiken's V. According to the teacher's assessment rubric, the poster received a score of 0.96, indicating that it is feasible, valid, and acceptable for use in teaching vocabulary to young learners. This research contributes valuable insights into the effective design and development of instructional materials for enhancing vocabulary acquisition in early childhood education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Misa Feronika, Sumarni, Wardah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Slang on Tiktok Comments in East Kalimantan
This research seeks to investigate the study of slang discourse seen in the TikTok comment sections of East Kalimantan users. Slang is a kind of informal language that sounds very entertaining, trendy, and creative. Normally, the usage of the language is mostly by young people so that they can express their feelings, interact with others, and follow what is trending in the digital world. For this reason, this research aims to unveil what types of slang people use, its uses, and how it reflects identity and communication strategies. The research utilizes qualitative descriptive methodologies for data collection, which is gathered from TikTok comments and interviews conducted with eight users from East Kalimantan. The findings reveal that various etiquettes of slang are greatly influenced by both the world and local culture. Some popular terms include “anjay,” “gacor,” “slay,” and “rizz,” among others. Most users learn slang from TikTok and Instagram and extend it in a way that makes them sound modern, funny, or relatable. Slang also helps people feel part of a group and, at the same time, more quickly communicate their thoughts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Nisrina Azzahra, Ida Wardani, Aridah Aridah, Maria Teodora Ping, Ventje Jany Kalukar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Pragmatic Comparison of Commissive Acts in Grammarly and QuillBot advertisements on YouTube
Abstract This study aims to compare the utilization of commissive acts in Grammarly and QuillBot advertisements on YouTube from a pragmatic perspective. In digital advertising, brands often use language to express commitments that influence viewer behavior. However, limited research has focused on how brands strategically use commissive acts to build trust and persuade viewers. This study specifically analyzes how commissive acts like promises, guarantees, and offers are utilized by Grammarly and QuillBot to convey brand commitments and influence viewer perceptions. A qualitative descriptive methods were applied to fourteen video advertisements (seven per brand) published between 2021 and 2025. Each commissive utterance was identified, categorized by type, and analyzed using the illocutionary force indicator device (IFID). The findings revealed 33 guarantees, 24 promises, and 4 offers in the Grammarly advertisements, while QuillBot displayed 14 guarantees, 11 promises, and 26 offers. In addition, ten informants participated in a Likert-scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to assess the clarity, persuasiveness, and credibility of commissive messages. The results showed that Grammarly tended to emphasize emotionally driven promises and assurances to build credibility, while QuillBot focused on functional offers related to academic tasks. The informants generally considered Grammarly’s commissive acts clearer and more persuasive, while QuillBot’s were perceived as practical but less emotionally appealing. The study concludes that commissive acts play an important role in digital brand communication and that pragmatic analysis provides valuable insights into how linguistic strategies shape audience responses.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vivin Sumanti, Hendi Pratama, Rini Susanti Wulandari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Speaking Skills Through Voice Notes in WhatsApp Groups: A Case Study of Non-English Lecturers in Academic Communication
In the era of globalized higher education, effective English communication has become essential for academic professionals, including those from non-English disciplines. Nevertheless, non-English lecturers frequently face obstacles in developing spoken proficiency due to limited opportunities for practice, elevated anxiety levels, and inadequate access to formal language training. This case study investigates the use of WhatsApp voice notes as a pedagogical tool to support English-speaking development among non-English lecturers at a private university in Indonesia. Over a six-week intervention, seven lecturers from diverse academic backgrounds participated in structured voice-based tasks and engaged in asynchronous peer interactions via WhatsApp. Data were collected through voice recordings, semi-structured interviews, and reflective journals. Findings indicate that the use of WhatsApp voice notes created a flexible, low-pressure environment conducive to gradual improvements in fluency and communicative confidence. Participants reported reduced speaking anxiety, increased willingness to engage in English, and greater clarity in articulating academic ideas. Moreover, peer feedback and interaction fostered a sense of community and collaborative learning. This study contributes to the Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) literature by illustrating the potential of widely accessible, low-cost digital tools to facilitate oral language development among professional adult learners. The implications extend to language policy, faculty development, and the design of scalable speaking interventions within higher education institutions
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rafi’i, Khairun Niswa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of English Language Learning Programs on Universitas Subang by using CIPP Model
This study aims to evaluate the English language teaching program integrated into the Mata Kuliah Karakter Unggul (MKKU) at Universitas Subang using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model developed by Stufflebeam. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study involved data collection through interviews, questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The findings revealed that the English program aligns well with the university’s character education framework and supports the development of students’ global competencies. The context evaluation indicated that students perceived strong alignment between the course content and the vision and mission of their study programs, as well as its relevance to future professional needs. The input evaluation showed that lecturers possess competencies aligned with their fields of expertise and that learning media were generally supportive, although digital media utilization remains inconsistent. The process evaluation highlighted improvements in students’ English proficiency, character formation, and readiness to face global challenges. The product evaluation confirmed positive outcomes in student engagement, character reinforcement, and oral communication confidence. Despite these strengths, students suggested improvements in speaking and listening activities, interactive learning methods, feedback mechanisms, and access to instructional resources. The study concludes that while the program is effectively structured, continuous enhancement in pedagogical strategies and infrastructure is essential to maximize its impact.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ida Maulida, Muchlas Suseno, Syamsi Setiadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Person and Social Deixis in Shamsi’s Islamic Preaching to an Atheist
This study examines the use of person and social deixis in Shamsi’s preaching, a Muslim preacher, in Islamic dawah through debate with an atheist at Speaker’s Corner in Hyde Park, London. Using Levinson’s (1983) theory of deixis, the research identifies the types and expressions of deictic language used by the preacher when engaging with a non-believer. The data were taken from the DUS Dawah YouTube channel, specifically from a video titled “An Atheist Thinks It's Okay to Sleep with a Baby”. The analysis adopts a descriptive qualitative method. The finding shows that Shamsi uses all types of person deixis. The most dominant is the second person “you”, which appears 118 times, followed by the first person “I” used 21 times, and third person forms such as “he” and “someone”, each used 6 times. In terms of social deixis, Shamsi employs two categories. In the first category, relational social deixis, the most frequently used form is the referent honorific “Prophet” (9 times). This is followed by formality level expressions, such as “the scholar(s)”, which appear 4 times, and audience honorifics like “everyone”, used 1 time. Meanwhile, addressee honorifics do not appear in Shamsi’s preaching, indicating that this form of honorifics was not used in the interaction. In the second category, absolute social deixis, Shamsi refers to himself with the phrase “I'm Muslim” (1 time) as an authorized speaker, and refers to his opponent with the phrase “as an atheist” (1 time) as an authorized recipient. Overall, both person and social deixis used by Shamsi, functioned as powerful linguistic tools to engage intimacy and effectively convey his Islamic message, by defining identity, asserting authority, emphasizing ideological differences to an atheist in public space.
Copyright (c) 2025 Robinda, Fitri Rakhmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Expressive Function of Language in the Novel Melodylan By Asriaci
This study aims to analyze the expressive function of language in Asriaci's novel MeloDylan. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive research with a content analysis method. The researcher focuses on this research using the theory of language function according to Roman Jakobson which states that expressive or emotive functions in delivery that aims to directly express the feelings, emotions or attitudes of the speaker to the topic he or she is discussing. The source of data for this research was obtained from the novel MeloDylan by Asriaci which was first published on the wattpad application and printed in May 2017 published by Coconut Books. Data collection in this study uses reading techniques and recording techniques. The results of this study show that there are three parts of the expressive function of language in the novel MeloDylan by Asriaci.
Copyright (c) 2025 sapna, Gazali, Hasnur Ruslan, Agustan, Ade Nurul Izzati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Mood and Speech Function Found in “La La Land 2016” Movie
This study investigates the utilization of mood and speech functions in the dialogues of the romantic musical movie La La Land (2016). Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research focused on identifying and analyzing different types of Mood (declarative, interrogative, imperative) and Speech Functions (expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, poetic, phatic) within selected dialogues of the main characters. Data were collected through meticulous observation and transcription of movie dialogues, followed by systematic classification and interpretation based on Halliday & Matthiessen’s (2014) and Holmes’ (2013) frameworks. The findings reveal that the Declarative Mood is the most dominant mood type, accounting for 10 out of 15 total mood instances. This prevalence suggests that characters frequently engage in conveying information about their feelings, experiences, and plot developments. Concurrently, the Referential function emerged as the most dominant speech function, with 8 out of 27 total speech functions. This indicates a primary focus on providing information, describing events, and stating facts essential for advancing the narrative and establishing context within the film's dialogues. The study highlights how these linguistic elements contribute to the emotional delivery and narrative messages of La La Land, offering insights into the complex interplay between language, character dynamics, and thematic exploration in musical movies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ika Shakila Maharani, Nargis, Ikhfi Imaniah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Application of Genre-Based Approach and Deep Learning in Speaking Activities: An Analysis of the Eleventh-Grade English Textbook Published by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology in 2022
The use of textbooks is common in Indonesia to support the learning process. However, textbooks do not always provide complete materials, so teachers must make adjustments to facilitate the learning process. Additionally, students face challenges when speaking or pronouncing English words. They are used to learn the written context of learning. By analyzing the textbook, especially in speaking activities, the text production process, which contains the Genre-based approach cycle, is examined. Furthermore, this current curriculum also supports the implementation of deep learning to check the deep understanding of students. The study aims to examine the application of the Genre-based Approach (GBA) and deep learning principles in the speaking activities of the “Bahasa Inggris: English for Change” textbook. Furthermore, the strengths and weaknesses of the speaking activities of this textbook are explained. This study employs qualitative research based on content analysis. The data is taken from Units 3-5 of this English textbook, especially for the speaking sections. There are a total of 32 activities that can be found based on the GBA learning cycles in Units 3 through 5. The principles of deep learning are applied to enhance the understanding of analysis for each indicator. However, some strengths and weaknesses can be found in the speaking activities of the chosen units. Further development of teaching materials is needed to create a more effective learning environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Annisa Maharani, Widhiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Memrise Application to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in The Class VII at Junior High School
This study aims to probe the effectiveness of the Memrise operation in perfecting vocabulary mastery among seventh- grade students at SMPN 2 Susoh. exercising a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, the exploration involved two groups an experimental group comprising 26 students who entered vocabulary instruction using Memrise, and a control group of 28 students who were tutored through conventional styles. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests conforming of 20 multiple- choice particulars designed to assess students’ vocabulary mastery ahead and after the treatment. The results of the independent samples t- test revealed a statistically significant difference between the post-test scores of the two groups, with the experimental group achieving a advanced mean score 85.00 compared to the control group 66.61, and a significance value of p = 0.000( p< 0.05). These findings indicate that the Memrise operation has a substantial positive impact on students’ vocabulary accession. The study suggests that integrating mobile- assisted language literacy (Boardwalk) tools similar as Memrise can enhance students’ provocation, engagement, and retention in vocabulary literacy. Its interactive and tone- paced literacy features make it a precious pedagogical tool for English language instruction, particularly in secondary education. preceptors are encouraged to borrow technology- grounded media to support effective vocabulary development in the classroom.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mona Zumara Attaiya, Zuhri Efendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring the Impact of Instagram on English Language Skills: Students' Perspectives
The integration of social media platforms into educational practices has become increasingly prevalent, offering innovative ways to enhance language learning. This study explores the role of Instagram in enhancing students' English competence, focusing on its effectiveness in developing vocabulary and listening skills. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research involved ten senior high school students as participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews to gain in-depth insight into their experiences. Findings suggest that Instagram's multimodal features, including captions, videos, and interactive elements, create an engaging and accessible learning environment that encourages language acquisition. While receptive skills showed noticeable improvement, writing and speaking proficiency appeared to require more structured and intentional practice. The study highlights the importance of active engagement in digital learning spaces to maximize Instagram’s potential for holistic language development. This research is particularly useful in the fields of educational technology, language education, and digital pedagogy, offering practical implications for integrating social media platforms into formal language instruction to support comprehensive language skill development. Future research could further explore strategies to maximize Instagram's potential in these areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitri Nur Laila, Rudi Hartono, Sri Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teachers' Barriers in Implementing Merdeka Curriculum in Teaching English at Junior High School
This study examines the barriers encountered by English teachers in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum at UPT SMPN 1 Sabbang Selatan. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that teachers face significant challenges in curriculum comprehension, resource availability, and assessment adaptation. Specifically, teachers struggle with understanding differentiated instruction, utilizing digital tools, and developing student-centered learning strategies. Additionally, limited access to teaching resources and inadequate training hinders effective curriculum execution. Classroom observations indicate that while some teachers attempt to implement innovative strategies, traditional methods remain dominant due to insufficient support. Assessment practices also vary, with some teachers effectively using structured rubrics, while others lack proper evaluation techniques. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires targeted professional development programs, enhanced resource allocation, and institutional support to improve curriculum implementation. Future research should explore intervention strategies to overcome these barriers and optimize English language teaching under the Merdeka Curriculum framework.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyusi Muhtar, Masruddin, Wisran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Short Video Clips to Improve Students’ Comprehension in Learning Simple Present Tense
This research investigates the effectiveness of using short video clips to enhance students’ comprehension of the Simple Present Tense in English language learning. The study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post- test model, involving 31 seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Kuala Batee. Data collection was conducted through multiple-choice tests administered before and after the treatment. The analysis showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding, with the average pre-test score rising from 43.39 to 74.19 in the post- test. A paired sample t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (Sig. 2-tailed = 0.000), confirming the effectiveness of short video clips in improving grammatical comprehension. These findings suggest that incorporating engaging and context-rich audiovisual materials can significantly support grammar instruction in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting. However, limitations such as the small sample size call for further research involving broader and more diverse populations to generalize the results. Additionally, combining short video clips with other interactive teaching strategies is recommended to maximize learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Najwa Safira, Nuzulul Isna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Women’s Subversive Strategies Against Patriarchy in The Modern Thrillers Story Where the Crawdads Sing by Owen and Gone Girl by Flynn
This article discusses women's subversive strategies against patriarchy in two modern thriller novels, Where the Crawdads Sing by Delia Owens and Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn, using feminist theory with The Madwoman in the Attic as the basis of analysis. This article focuses on how the patriarchal conditions in the two novels give rise to subversive strategies of the female characters in the two novels that represent women and how they impact on the two novels. Based on the text analysis, Amy Dunne uses narrative manipulation and idealized female imagery to assert language as a tool of liberation and reverse power, while Kya Clark uses self-reliance and connection to nature to resist patriarchy and construct an identity beyond social norms. These strategies create complex tensions and conflicts that challenge stereotypes of passive women and present women as creative, empowered and active agents. In summary, these two novels demonstrate that women's resistance to patriarchy can be realized in unique and extreme ways, changing the meaning of women in contemporary literature and enhancing gender dynamics in the thriller genre.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aida Hanissa, Rahayu Puji Haryanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Students’ Speaking Skills through Digital Storytelling: A Mixed-Methods Study
This study investigates the effectiveness of digital storytelling techniques in improving English speaking skills among students at MA Mamba'ul Ulum. The research addresses the problem of low speaking proficiency and limited student participation in English language learning. The study employed a pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest, involving 24 students from class XI. Data collection was conducted through speaking tests and questionnaires to measure students' speaking abilities and gather perceptions from teachers and students. The implementation of digital storytelling followed five structured stages: warming-up, viewing, comprehension check, retelling, and individual presentation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wihdatun Nisa, Zulfa Sakhiyya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reading Habits and Their Influence on Student English Writing Skill in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
This systematic review investigates the influence of reading habits on the writing skills of Indonesian EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students, based on 24 selected articles from a pool of 30 Scopes-indexed studies from 2014-2024. The findings reveal a clear connection between regular reading habits and enhanced writing proficiency, particularly in grammar, creative thinking, and content organization. However, challenges such as limited exposure to English, inadequate meta-cognitive strategies, and a lack of reading culture hinder progress. Technological integration can mitigate these barriers and foster reading and writing development if effectively implemented. The study highlights strategies to promote reading habits, including using multimedia tools, encouraging independent learning, developing meta-cognitive strategies, and fostering international collaboration in academic research. By addressing these areas, educational practices in Indonesia can more effectively support EFL learners in improving their English writing skills through enhanced reading engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fadli Zam Zami, Haniful Umam, Mutmainnah Mustofa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Semiotic Analysis of the Political Posters in the 2024 Indonesian’s Presidential Campaign
This research discusses semiotic analysis of political posters in the 2024 Indonesian Presidential Campaign. This research aims to identify and analyze icons, index, and symbols and find the meaning of their interpretation contained in the poster. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method using the semiotics theory proposed by Charles Sanders Pierce. In this research, the author first selected five posters from each candidate via the internet. Then, the author describes and analyzes the meaning of each sign on the political poster using Pierce's triangle. In this research, the author found the use of 18 icons in 15 data, 41 indexes and 48 symbols. The poster's use of color, layout, and text provide clues about the emotion it is trying to convey to voters, whether it is optimism, confidence, or a call for change. The results of these findings show that symbol signs are the type of sign that the authors found most often in this research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurmayanti Margaret Panggabean, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu, Jubilezer Sihite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Students’ Difficulties in Translating Argumentative English Text by the Second Grade Students of Private High School
This study aims at analyzing the problems faced by students in translating argumentative texts from English to Indonesia, and the factors that contribute to those problems. A descriptive quantitative method was used in analysis data. A total population of 120 students in four classes and 29 a total sample who made up the student of Private High School comprised the population of this study. The results indicate that where only 12 or 4.13% of students got a score close to the maximum score, the students’ difficulties were found from questionnaire in the linguistic factor were 16 students (55%) and the non-linguistic factor 20 students (69%) and the students’ difficulties were found from interviewed in the linguistic factor were 18 students (62%) and the non-linguistic factor 20 students (69%). It was concluded that it was found that class XI students at SMAS PGRI 20 Siborong-borong experienced difficulties in translating argumentative texts which were more influenced by non-linguistic factors. Students’ difficulties in translating because they had never taken an English course was the most prominent factor that causes students to experience difficulties in translating texts with the highest percentage being 69%. Although the nonlinguistic factors were the most prominent factors that appeared the second-grade students of Private High School in translating argumentative text the linguistic factors also contributed in minor way to the difficulties in the translation that the students encountered especially dealing with difficulties in translating the long text, with the percentage was 62%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Regina Gresia F Nababan, Erika Sinambela, Donna Ria Pasaribu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Figurative Language Analysis of “CITACINTA CARAKA” Novel by Erisca Febriani
This research aims to describe two main problems, namely: (1) What types of figurative language are found in the novel Cita Cinta Caraka? And (2) What meanings are in the Cita Cinta Caraka Novel? The data in this research is in the form of speech in the novel Cita Cinta Caraka by Erisca Febriani, which contains a figurative language style. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. This novel is analyzed using Keraf's theory. This novel contains 107 data. After examining the figurative language data in the novel Cita Cinta Caraka, it is known that there are 28 personifications, 10 hyperboles, 14 similes, 15 metaphors, 21 ironies, 6 litotes, 9 metonymies, 1 eponym, 2 antonyms, and 1 euphemism. Based on the analysis findings, personification-figurative language is the most dominant in the novel. The author uses personification to explain the meaning or message of each character and the author's intentions, as well as expressing the characters' emotions, making the story more exciting and entertaining, and being able to make readers more quickly understand the meaning of the words of each character in the novel. It can be concluded that figurative language has an important role in this novel. Therefore, the author uses many figurative sentences in this novel. The use of figurative language makes the novel more interesting to read and helps readers imagine the story and the characters based on the illustrations that the author has given in the story.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suzzette Triana Berutu, Tiara K. Pasaribu, Rotua Elfrida Pangaribuan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Transitivity of the Main Character “Barbie” in the Barbie Movie
This study aims to find out the types of processes that occur and the realization of the transitivity system in Barbie films. With the transitivity system, writer can find out the characters and messages conveyed in the film through the main character in describing her thoughts and feelings. This thesis uses the theory of Systemic Functional Grammar by M. A. K Halliday by using descriptive qualitative method. The data in this study is the Barbie movie script which focuses only on the utterances of the main character, Barbie. The results of the analysis showed that in this movie there were all types of transitivity (6 types) processes. The types of transitivity consist of relational process (140 data) with percentage 44%, material process (79 data) with percentage 25%, mental process (63 data) with percentage 20%, behavioral process (22 data) with percentage 7%, verbal process (11 data) with percentage 3%, and existential process (2 data) with percentage 1%. Relational process is the most common process that appears in this study. Carrier and attribute are the most common participants that appeared in clauses. For circumstance, location is the most common circumstance in clauses, both temporal and spatial location. The relational process indicates that through the role of Barbie, it can be seen this movie provides a detailed explanation of the relationship between one and the other like Barbie's relationship with Ken and also with her creator, Ruth Handler. The movie’s script has a good structure because the type of participant and the process have a balance of occurrence in the clause.
Copyright (c) 2025 Selfiyani Ketaren, Tiara Kristina Pasaribu, Jubil Ezer Sihite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sadd al-Zari'ah and Extra-Judicial Divorce: A Critical Discourse Analysis of MUI Fatwa and KHI Legal Frameworks
The objective of this research is to examine the "comparison of the law on divorce outside the court from the perspective of Sadd al-zari'ah in the MUI fatwa and KHI." This study employs library research using a descriptive analysis method, which involves collecting, organizing, classifying, and interpreting data. The findings of this study reveal that the law on divorce outside the court, according to the MUI fatwa of 2012, states that such a divorce is valid if it meets certain conditions, including the presence of a shar'i reason, the wife's iddah period starting from the pronouncement of divorce, and a subsequent report to the court. In contrast, according to the KHI, as stipulated in Articles 115 and 117, divorce is only valid if conducted in the presence of a religious court hearing, making divorces outside the court invalid. The analysis of Sadd al-zari'ah suggests that the KHI's perspective is more relevant in preventing harm, such as ambiguity in marital status, administrative difficulties in marriage registration, and neglect of the rights of wives and children. Therefore, the MUI fatwa of 2012 requires reformulation to better align with contemporary contexts and minimize the negative impacts of divorces occurring outside the court.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Agum Manoppo, Firman Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Tahmid Nur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Types of Figurative Language found in Rosé’s Selected Songs
This study examines figurative language contained in Rose´’s selected songs. Figurative language uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. It aims to analyze the types of figurative language and the meaning of figurative language. The data source in this study was taken from two selected songs from Rose´. A qualitative method was used in this study. To solve the problem, this study employs Abrams and Harpham’s (2005) theory types of figurative language including simile, metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole, irony, paradox, and allusion and Leech’s (1981) theory meaning of figurative language. In this study, six types of figurative language were found namely metaphor, irony, metonymy, hyperbole, allusion, and paradox. The results and discussion in this study reveal 18 types of figurative language consisting 50% of metaphor, 22,22% of irony, 11,11% of metonymy, and 5,5% each of hyperbole, allusion, and paradox. This study may enhance the comprehension of figurative language in modern music and provide valuable input for learners of English in interpreting song lyrics more effectively.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Putu Prema Bagastia, I Made Yogi Marantika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Code Switching Linguistic Strategy in Agung Hapsah's YouTube Advertising Content
Digital marketing has been influenced by advances in information and technology. With this development, communication approaches are also evolving in digital media. Code switching is one of the linguistic phenomena that can be used as a communication strategy. Agung Hapsah is one of the YouTubers who uses Code Switch to advertise products expressively and interestingly. The purpose of this study is to identify and explore the types and functions of code switching applied and its linguistic functions in digital advertising. Engaging language can build brand image, increase sales and build rapport with audiences. This study uses a qualitative method to describe and identify the results of the analysis regarding the types and functions of code switching and its functions in digital advertising. The data source used is the transcription of 4 videos of Agung Hapsah, with an upload time of 2 years. The results of this study found 84 data of Agung Hapsah's speech that contain Code Switching with 79.76% type of intra sentential switching, 78.58% facility of Expression according to Marasigan (1983) and 80.95% solicitation or persuading as its linguistic function in digital advertising.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ruben Situmorang, Alfin Rosyidha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Navigating EFL Teachers' Challenges with Digital Technologies in Project-Based Learning in the English Classroom
This study aims to explore the challenges experienced by EFL teachers in utilizing digital technologies in implementing Project–Based Learning in English classrooms. This study employed a qualitative descriptive research design to explore the challenges faced by EFL teachers in utilizing digital technologies within the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in English classrooms. The participants consisted of two EFL teachers from North Sumatera, Indonesia, who have implemented PjBL and integrated digital technologies in their English language teaching. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select teachers who currently teaching English at junior high school level. The findings show that teachers encounter four main types of challenges: technical issues such as poor internet and limited devices; pedagogical difficulties including limited training and confidence in designing digital PjBL; institutional barriers like unclear policies, lack of technical support, and limited budgets; and student-related problems such as uneven digital skills and low motivation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diah Khoirunnisa Harahap, Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay, Utami Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Slang as a Communication Strategy Employed by Jay and Jake of ENHYPEN in the Daebak Show Podcast
This study examines the use of English slang by Jay and Jake from Enhypen during their guest appearance on Eric Nam’s Daebak Show Podcast. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, it investigates the morphological forms, semantic shifts, and pragmatic-social functions of slang terms used in the podcast. The primary data comes from the episode titled “ENHYPEN’s JAY & JAKE had ‘FATE’ to join Eric Nam | DAEBAK SHOW S3 EP12,” released on August 8th, with a duration of 52 minutes. The analysis focuses on spontaneous, informal English expressions from the idols, revealing how slang terms such as "gotta," "kinda," and "vibe" signal group membership and a sense of belonging among youth and fans. This research demonstrates that slang functions not only as a tool for informal communication but also as a form of emotional expression and a means of establishing social identity and relatability within a global audience. The study emphasizes how slang reflects contemporary youth culture and the impact of media platforms in shaping language use. A total of 12 distinct slang terms were identified, several of which served multiple linguistic functions across three analytical categories, resulting in 14 instances of categorized usage. While the sample is limited to two speakers in a single episode, the focused analysis offers valuable insights into language use among K-Pop idols. This research contributes not only to understanding the role of informal linguistic practices in cross-cultural communication but also offers practical insights for English language teaching (ELT), such as integrating contextualized slang into classroom instruction, as well as for media discourse analysis and studies of global youth identity in digital environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Lailatul Qodriyati, Moh Iqbal Firdaus, Diah Retno Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Deixis Analysis In The Song Lyrics Of Night Changes By One Direction
This study investigates the types and pragmatic functions of deixis in One Direction’s song “Night Changes.”Using a qualitative analysis content method, the research applies Levinson’s (1983) typology of person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis. The data were collected from the official lyrics and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s (1994) model of data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. A total of 39 deictic expressions were identified, consisting of person deixis (22 instances), time deixis (8), place deixis (4), discourse deixis (3), and social deixis (2). The findings show that person deixis is the most frequent, highlighting the narrative perspective and interpersonal involvement between the singer and the listener, while social deixis is the least frequent, reflecting the informal tone of the lyrics. This study demonstrates how deixis constructs narrative flow and emotional engagement in pop lyrics, with practical use in EFL classrooms and translation studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Fauziyah Ziah, Desy Rusmawaty, Susilo Susilo, Dyah Sunggingwati, Ventje Kalukar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis Code Switching Found in “Bestie” Series Season
This study aims to explore the use of code-switching in Bestie Series Season 1, with a focus on how bilingual speakers alternate between Indonesian and English in informal conversations. The data were sourced from eight episodes of the series, which features spontaneous, bilingual dialogues. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the conversations were transcribed and analyzed to identify types of code-switching. The analysis was guided by Poplack, (2001) classification, which includes intra-sentential, inter-sentential, and tag-switching. The findings reveal that intra-sentential code-switching is the most frequently used (58.75%), followed by inter-sentential (30%) and tag-switching (11.25%). These results suggest that code-switching in the series is used strategically not only to express emotions and reinforce identity, but also to increase clarity and engagement. In the context of informal digital media, code-switching serves as a flexible and expressive communication tool that reflects the dynamic nature of bilingual interaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gede Rendy Adnyana Putra, I Komang Sulatra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Student Performance in Understanding and Responding to Short Functional Texts
This study investigates the ability of eighth-grade students at MTsN 3 Aceh Barat Daya to respond accurately to short functional texts containing common social expressions in English and to identify which categories are most and least effectively mastered. Five communicative functions were examined: expressing gratitude, apologizing, giving compliments, offering help, and greeting. Using a quantitative descriptive design, data were collected from 42 students through a 20-item dialogue-based multiple-choice test. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to determine the mean, accuracy percentage, standard deviation, and score distribution per category. The results revealed that students achieved an average accuracy of 82.5% (median = 18.5/20), indicating generally good ability, though performance varied considerably. The highest proficiency was observed in giving and responding to compliments (95% accuracy), while acknowledging mistakes showed the lowest performance (79% accuracy), possibly due to cultural norms and limited exposure to authentic usage. Variation in scores was also linked to vocabulary range, interaction experience, and confidence. These findings suggest that English instruction should incorporate culturally sensitive categories, especially those less familiar to students, through authentic conversation, role-play, and interactive technology, with differentiated support for lower-performing learners.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lukman B, Sukri Adani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Indonesia-English Code Mixing Found in Glad2glow’s Instagram Posts
Abstract This research explores the presence of code mixing in Instagram captions posted by the Indonesian skincare brand Glad2Glow. The main objective is to identify the different types of code mixing used and understand the reasons behind their application in the brand’s marketing content. Utilizing Hoffman’s (1991) theory as the foundation for analysis, the study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were gathered through an observation method, specifically by taking notes on captions uploaded to Glad2Glow’s official Instagram account between January 4th and May 31st, 2025. The findings indicate that all three types of code mixing intra-sentential, intra-lexical, and phonological are present in the data. Among these, intra-sentential code mixing appears most frequently, while phonological mixing is the least common. The most common reason for using code mixing is to talk about particular topics, especially skincare related terms that are more familiar and appealing when expressed in English. Additionally, code mixing is used to express group identity and emphasize promotional messages in a more persuasive and relatable manner. These results suggest that code mixing functions as a strategic linguistic tool in digital branding to connect with bilingual audiences and enhance brand engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pande Dwi Vala Mantika, I komang sulatra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Task-Based Language Teaching Methods to Improve Students' Speaking Skills
This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) Method in improving the speaking ability of second grade students of SMA Negeri 6 Palopo. Task Based Language Teaching is an English language learning approach that uses tasks as the core unit of planning and teaching. In TBLT, students are required to understand the learning material that has been delivered by the teacher, then complete tasks that aim to encourage the use of the target language. This study uses a quasi-quantitative experimental method with data collection techniques in the form of pre-tests and post-tests. The research sample was selected randomly from the student population. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental class using the TBLT Method and the control class using the conventional method based on the results of the independent T-test. Significant improvements were seen in the "Very Good" and "Moderate" categories in the experimental group compared to the control group. Student motivation factors also influenced the results of this improvement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmiati, Husnani Aliah, Puspa Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Comparison of the Use of Discourse Markers in English Political Speeches between Native and Non-native Speakers
This study aims to analyze the use of Discourse Markers (DMs) in politicians' speeches on the USINDO YouTube Channel. DMs are used to organize, manage, and connect communication. Then politics becomes a public concern and USINDO becomes one of the signs of bilateral relations between Indonesia and America. The analysis was conducted from the speeches of four politicians, two from Indonesia as non-native speakers and two from America as native speakers, and used Fraser's 2009 theory. It was found that 670 markers were used by Native and Non-native. Namely Contrastive Discourse Markers (CDMs), Elaborative Discourse Markers (EDMs), and Inferential Discourse Markers (IDMs). The frequent markers found are EDMs such as 'and', CDMs such as 'but', and IDMs such as 'so'. Furthermore, both native and non-native speakers of English use DMs in political speeches for similar purposes, such as organizing discourse, managing transitions, clarifying points, and ensuring politeness. Then the different DMs are used more often, organically, and successfully in political speeches by native English speakers, who also have a more varied understanding of its use and do not use overlapping double markers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wanda Dewi Dewayanti, Widhiyanto Widhiyanto, Zulfa Sakhiyya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Slang Words Used in Rich Brian’s Song “Getcho Mans”
This research purpose is to acknowledge types of slang words used in a song. The descriptive qualitative method is utilized in this research to gather and analyse the data from the song lyrics. The data source is a song by Rich Brian entitled “Getcho Mans”. Theory of Allan & Burridge about the type of slang words is utilized to analyse the data. This study successfully classified the slang words used in “Getcho Mans” by Rich Brian. This study found that song by Rich Brian entitled “Getcho Mans” contained slang words in the types of Fresh & Creative, Flippant, Imitative, and Clipping. The writer could not find acronym type of slang words in this song. The total of 47 pieces of data collected from the analysis. The findings could help English students to understand the type and the example of words that usually appear in Hip-Hop songs. Furthermore, it could help the readers to understand the meaning of slang words that usually utilized by Rappers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Krisna Patanjali, I Komang Sulatra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Affective Domain and Foreign Language Learning: A Bibliometric Analysis
The affective domain, which includes emotions, motivation, attitudes, and values, plays a crucial role in shaping learning outcomes in foreign language education. Yet, much of the existing research investigates these factors in isolation, providing only a limited understanding of how they interact and influence second language acquisition as a whole. This study aims to map the evolution of research on the affective domain in foreign language learning from 2019 to 2023 through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Data were retrieved using the Publish or Perish software with Google Scholar as the database, yielding 231 publications. After applying defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 149 documents were retained for analysis, consisting of 121 journal articles and 28 books. Bibliographic information was managed with Mendeley Reference Manager and analyzed using VOSviewer version 1.6.19 to generate visualizations of co-authorship, citation networks, and keyword co-occurrence. The results show that enjoyment, motivation, and anxiety remain central themes, with enjoyment increasingly highlighted as a facilitating factor for learner achievement. Citation analysis identified highly influential works on grit, classroom emotions, and emotional intelligence, reflecting the field’s growing alignment with positive psychology and social and emotional learning frameworks. Co-word analysis revealed five major thematic clusters: learner enjoyment and achievement, domain comparisons across Bloom’s taxonomy, emotional learning practices, integration of affective constructs into SLA frameworks, and systematic reviews of the field. Temporal analysis indicated a shift from general theoretical discussions prior to 2020 toward more empirical, context-specific, and measurement-based studies after 2021. This study contributes to the literature by clarifying thematic directions, identifying research gaps, and positioning the affective domain as a central element of second language acquisition.
Copyright (c) 2025 St. Asmayanti. Am, St Asriati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis of the Existence of Gauk Lao Tengngae Cultural Values in Resolving Family Conflicts and Strengthening Religious Moderation in Palopo City
Gauk Lao Tengngae is a local cultural tradition of the Luwu community that plays a strategic role in resolving family conflicts and is an important instrument in strengthening religious moderation in Palopo City. In the context of a multicultural society, the values contained in this tradition require in-depth analysis to understand their relevance to contemporary social dynamics. This study aims to critically analyze the discourse that has developed around the existence of Gauk Lao Tengngae cultural values in resolving family conflicts, as well as to explore its contribution to strengthening religious moderation in Palopo City through a critical discourse analysis approach. The study uses a qualitative approach with the Norman Fairclough model of critical discourse analysis (CDA). Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with traditional figures, religious leaders, and families who have experienced conflict and practice the Gauk Lao Tengngae tradition. The analysis was conducted in three dimensions: text, discursive practices, and socio-cultural practices. The analysis shows that Gauk Lao Tengngae cultural values contain principles of moderation that are in line with the teachings of religious tolerance, including: (1) the principle of deliberation and consensus in resolving conflicts; (2) respect for inclusive ancestral wisdom; (3) a mediation mechanism that prioritizes social harmony; and (4) the integration of universal human values across religions. The dominant discourse that has developed indicates that this tradition functions as a "cultural bridge" that strengthens social cohesion in a multi-religious society. Gauk Lao Tengngae has been proven to have a strong existence as social capital in strengthening religious moderation in Palopo City. The values contained therein can be a model for conflict resolution based on local wisdom, while strengthening tolerance and harmony between religious communities. This study recommends the need for revitalization and institutionalization of the Gauk Lao Tengngae tradition as part of a strategy for developing a moderate and tolerant national character.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafikatul Aulia Sultan, Abdain, Firman Muhammad Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kahoot as a Digital Game-Based Instruction for EFL Young Learners: Students' Perceptions
This study explores young learners’ perceptions of Kahoot as a digital game-based instruction tool in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. The research was conducted with 18 fourth-grade students (ages 9–10) at a private elementary school in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Most participants were at beginner to lower-intermediate English proficiency levels with varied digital literacy. Data were collected over a period of three weeks using observation and interviews and analyzed thematically. Findings revealed that Kahoot positively influenced students’ learning experiences in several ways. First, it significantly increased motivation and engagement, with 14 students reporting greater enthusiasm compared to textbook-based lessons. Second, all students highlighted the fun and interactive nature of Kahoot, supported by visual and auditory features that encouraged participation. Third, 12 students emphasized its effectiveness in vocabulary and grammar acquisition, while half (9 students) reported increased self-confidence in language use. However, challenges were also identified, including technical issues, limited variety of activities, and stress caused by competition for a few learners. Overall, the study concludes that Kahoot can serve as an effective supplement to EFL instruction for young learners, fostering motivation, confidence, and language acquisition. Practical recommendations are provided for teachers, policymakers, and developers, along with suggestions for future research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Melisa Khoyyiroh Harahap, Utami Dewi, Ernita Daulay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Workshop Participation to Professional Identity: A Single-Case Narrative of an English Teacher
Workshops have become an important part of teacher professional development (TPD) in various aspects, particularly in how they impact the development of teachers' professional identity. Despite the numerous studies on Teacher Professional Development (TPD), workshops are under-acknowledged. Therefore, this study aims to explore how the EFL teacher’s experiences through workshop participation influence their professional identity development. Employing a narrative inquiry design, this study explored the single case story data from narrative frames and semi-structured interviews with the emerging theory of Teacher Professional Identity (TPI). Drawing upon the TPI framework (Lu et al., 2024), The findings indicate that workshops enhanced the teacher’s instructional beliefs by broadening pedagogical perspectives, strengthened self-efficacy through increased confidence in instructional delivery, deepened commitment by reinforcing professional motivation, and fostered agency in decision-making and adaptability. These findings not only strengthened the theoretical perspectives from workshop and Teacher Professional Identity (TPI) literature but also extended our understanding of how targeted professional development interventions can support EFL teachers in diverse educational contexts. By demonstrating how workshops contribute to the sustainability of teachers’ professional identity, this study highlights the importance of continuous professional development programs. The findings suggest that well-structured workshops can empower teachers to navigate evolving educational challenges, ultimately improving teaching practices and student learning outcomes. Keywords: EFL Teacher, Narrative Inquiry, Teacher Professional Development, Teacher Professional Identity, Workshop
Copyright (c) 2025 Saka Jaya Arantino, Sumardi, Sri Haryati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Syndetic Coordinator of Compound Sentences Analysis in the Introduction of “Quiet”
Coordination is a key syntactic device that links clauses to build coherent and rhetorically effective discourse. This study focuses on identifying the types of syndetic coordinators in compound sentences and examining their semantic relations in the introduction of Susan Cain’s Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking. The study aims to provide insight into how coordination strategies in nonfiction introductions contribute to both sentence structure and meaning. The analysis applied Quirk and Greenbaum’s (1974) framework to classify semantic implications and the application of constituent structure representation to illustrate syntactic patterns. The data were collected through an observation method and analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach. Based on the results, a total of 5 instances of “but,” 1 instance of “or,” and 6 instances of “and” were found. The conjunction “but” served an adversative function, expressing either contrast or denial of expectation; “or” introduced mutually exclusive alternatives in a rhetorical question; and “and” performed additive functions, indicating either temporal sequence or pure addition, with some cases of subject ellipsis. The frequent use of “and” indicates the author’s preference for smooth additive and sequential linking to develop narrative flow in the introduction. These findings reveal that the syntactic form of each coordinator reinforces its semantic role, demonstrating the close relationship between structure and meaning in nonfiction prose.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Made Kevin Raditya, Ni Putu Cahyani Putri Utami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Flouting Maxim of Relevance: A Pragmatic Analysis of Main Characters’ Dialogues in “Inside Out 2” Movie
Pragmatics is essential for understanding implied meaning beyond literal language in cinematic dialogues, providing valuable insights into character interaction and story development. This study explores the deliberate flouting of the maxim of relevance, based on Grice’s (1975) Cooperative Principle, in the animated film Inside Out 2. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through careful observation and verbatim transcription of 58 dialogue exchanges. Among these, 21 instances of maxim of relevance flouting were identified, with eight selected for detailed examination. The analysis reveals that these pragmatic strategies serve to express hidden meanings, regulate emotions, and navigate complex interpersonal relationships between characters. These communicative choices uncover psychological depth and enhance both character development and plot progression. Uniquely, this research contributes to pragmatic theory by examining conversational relevance manipulation within animation, expanding film studies scholarship. The findings also offer practical implications for language education and media analysis by demonstrating how pragmatic competence enriches understanding of dialogue in multimedia contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Kadek Saina Dayabhi, Komang Dian Puspita Candra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
How Do Students Perceive Grammar Learning Through Quizizz Insight From Eleventh Graders
This study explored students’ perceptions and experiences using Quizizz as a gamified learning platform to improve grammar accuracy in expository writing. Using a qualitative case study design, the research involved six purposively selected eleventh-grade students from a class of 75, representing various proficiency levels. Data were collected through structured interviews and classroom observations over four weeks to examine how students interacted with Quizizz during grammar lessons. The findings indicate that Quizizz significantly enhances student motivation and engagement by offering an interactive and enjoyable learning experience. Immediate feedback was especially helpful in improving students’ understanding of conjunctions and the simple present tense. However, challenges such as unstable internet access and limited grammatical explanations were also reported. Despite these limitations, Quizizz proved to be a valuable supplementary tool when combined with teacher guidance. It supports student-centered learning and increases participation in digital classrooms. Grounded in constructivist and gamification learning theories, the study highlights the importance of interactive and autonomous learning environments. The findings suggest that while Quizizz alone may not suffice for deep grammar instruction, its integration with conventional teaching methods can enrich grammar learning. Practical insights are also offered for educators aiming to implement gamified learning tools effectively, particularly for scaffolding complex grammar topics in diverse classrooms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anita Lucy Nurhalyza, Eliasanti Agustina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigating Academic Writing: Exploring English Department Students’ Perceptions of Challenges
Academic writing is a crucial component of university education, yet it remains one of the most challenging skills for EFL students. This study investigates the perceptions of English Department students at IAIN Kerinci regarding the challenges they face in academic writing. Using a mixed-method approach, the research involved four undergraduate students who had completed academic writing courses in previous semesters. Data were collected through writing performance tests and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative findings indicate that students performed well in content (average score: 7.5) but struggled significantly with writing coherence (4.5). Vocabulary and grammar showed standard capability (6.875 and 6.25). The qualitative results revealed deeper challenges, including difficulties in constructing coherent paragraphs, selecting appropriate vocabulary, applying complex grammar structures, and managing writing anxiety. Contributing factors included lack of motivation, limited reading habits, and insufficient exposure to academic texts. Furthermore, students emphasized the importance of feedback from lecturers and self-reflection as key strategies for development. The findings suggest that while students may be confident in generating ideas, they require more support in expressing those ideas effectively through structured, cohesive academic writing. This study contributes to the field by highlighting the need for integrating linguistic, motivational, and strategic instruction in EFL academic writing contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Habi Sabda Ihsan, Musdizal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Translation Ideology in the Indonesian-English Translation of Culture-Bound Words in Okky Madasari’s Novel Entrok
This study aims to analyze the translation of culture-bound words in Okky Madasari’s novel Entrok and its English translation, The Years of the Voiceless. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method to identify the translation techniques used and to determine the dominant translation ideology applied in the translation process. The findings reveal that nine translation techniques were used in translating culture-bound words, with adaptation being the most frequently employed technique. The analysis also indicates that domestication is the predominant translation ideology, as most culture-bound words were translated in a way that makes them more accessible to the target language readers. However, some instances of foreignization were also found, particularly when preserving the original cultural meaning was necessary. This study contributes to the field of translation studies by providing insights into how culture-bound words are translated in literary works. Additionally, it has implications for translation education, as understanding these techniques and ideologies can benefit students and translators in dealing with cultural elements in translation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Afnani Salwa Nisrina, Issy Yuliasri, Widhiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Critical Media Ethics in EFL Classrooms through Fake News Deconstruction, Narrative Reframing, and Editorial Simulation
This study explored how integrating fake news deconstruction, narrative reframing, and editorial simulation enhanced critical media ethics in EFL classrooms. Moving beyond conventional language instruction, it positioned English learning as a site of ideological negotiation and epistemic responsibility. Thirty education students as teacher candidates in North Sumatra engaged in an eight-week task-based curriculum analyzing ethically problematic texts drawn from real-world media. Guided by systemic functional linguistics, critical discourse analysis, and appraisal theory, students rewrote distorted headlines, clarified vague attributions, and reconstructed visual-caption misalignments. Findings revealed that students developed rhetorical precision, ethical awareness, and stylistic maturity, transforming from passive consumers into critical and active media agents. By combining language learning with civic literacy, this study proposed a replicable model for ethical pedagogy in digital times, foregrounding truth-validation, genre critique, and linguistic agency as core components of 21st-century EFL education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Margaret Stevani, Alexander Adrian Saragi, Oktaviana Maria Fatima Queiros Bobe, Happy Kusuma Wardani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Trend of Critical Discourses Analysis Researches in Linguistics Journals of Sinta 1 to 4: from CDA model to Research Design
The 21st century linguistic study aims to achieve various goals, and one of them is the empowerment of Critical Discourse Analysis as constructivist approach on linguistic study. This study utilized content analysis as a research method, specifically employing a document scanning approach. The articles selected for analysis were retrieved from the websites of Sinta1 to 4 in Indonesia between 2016 and 2022. To compile a list of journals indexed in the Sinta, the researchers accessed the Sinta and conducted a keyword search using "Linguistic" (Linguistic). Following these procedures, a total of 15 Indonesian linguistic journals were identified and analyzed a total of 30 articles . The objectiveof this research was to evaluate the range of Number of Publication, principles of CDA, CDAmodel, Type of Research, Type of Qualitative Data, Research Object, data collection and analysis techniques, as well as the research subjects covered in the articles published in. The findings of this study indicate an improvement in the number of publications on critical discourse analysis over the past three years. Qualitative research designs were dominant, particularly descriptive qualitative data. The most frequently targeted object of analysis was news scripts. Observations and content analysis were the commonly used instruments and dataanalysis methods. The Norman Fairclough Model and Culture were the discourse analysis model and principles of CDA employed in the research. Based on the research findings, severalrecommendations have been proposed for future studies that prioritize critical discourse analysis. These recommendations include enhancing the differentiation of research types, exploring alternative CDA models, focusing on analytical power in the study, and adopting more precise data analysis techniques.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mutakhirani Mustafa, Nirwana, Nelly Husni Laely, Emi Anggreani Masjur, Eka Pitra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dialectic of Urban and Rural in Modern Japanese Society Portrayed on Kimi no Na Wa (Your Name) by Makoto Shinkai
This study applies the theory of cultural materialism to explore the dialectical relationship between urban and rural life in modern Japanese society, as portrayed in Makoto Shinkai’s animated film Kimi no Na Wa (Your Name). Grounded in Marvin Harris’ theoretical framework, which emphasizes the interrelation of infrastructure, structure, and superstructure in shaping cultural expression, the research investigates how the narrative constructs, critiques, and reimagines rural-urban dynamics. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study conducts content and thematic analysis of selected quotations, character dialogues, and symbolic scenes. The findings reveal that Kimi no Na Wa represents the fictional village of Itomori as a rural space rooted in spiritual continuity, familial hierarchy, and environmental constraints, while Tokyo is depicted as a technologically advanced, secular, and emotionally distant urban center. The film’s metaphysical and symbolic narrative structure critiques socio-economic disparities and the erosion of traditional values, ultimately suggesting a synthesis between rural and urban identities. The study concludes that Kimi no Na Wa serves both as a cultural mirror and critique, reflecting the shifting socio-cultural landscape of Japan through the lens of cultural materialism. The research offers a novel contribution by demonstrating how Japanese animated media can be interpreted as a site of cultural negotiation and resistance within material and ideological frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Varel Dava Chrisna Widya Putra Pratama, Rahayu Puji Haryanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ableist and Non-Ableist Meaning Making of Internet Memes from the Lens of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL)
This study examines the meaning-making role of speech functions, through the lens of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), in constructing ableist and non-ableist representations in disability-related internet memes. While memes can act as a powerful social and cultural communication medium, most research focuses on memes in general, with little attention to the representation of specific issues, particularly concerning disability. Using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach, this study analyzed 173 clauses from 90 memes. This study aims to answer how meaning-making is realized in memes about disability and the extent to which the memes attend to the social model of disability and ableism. Findings reveal a predominance of speech roles giving information, 77%, primarily through declarative statements. However, a closer looks within these statements shows 49% clauses containing ableist content, while 51% clauses are non-ableist or neutral. Moreover, speech roles demanding good and service appear less frequently about 13% which indicates a gap between critique and real advocacy. This divided representation, coupled with the scarcity of action-oriented discourse, suggests that while memes can raise awareness and challenge some ableist narratives, a significant portion of meme still reinforces harmful stereotypes. Consequently, the current meme medium is insufficient to fully realize inclusive education or an inclusive society, as ableist content can make it harder for attitudes to change and reflect persistent societal discrimination.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ihsan Ramadhan, Agung Ginanjar Anjaniputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Anthropocentric Symbols in Where the Wild Things Are by Maurice Sendak
The purpose of this study is to analyze the anthropocentric symbols present in the children's storybook "Where the Wild Things Are" by Maurice Sendak. To explain these symbols, the semiotic theory proposed by Roland Barthes is employed in this study, which explains them through three levels: denotative, connotative, and mythical meanings. This study uses a qualitative research method and a descriptive approach that focuses on the images and words contained in the children's storybook entitled Where the Wild Things Are by Maurice Sendak. The results of this study indicate that the anthropocentric symbols contained in the children's story entitled Where the Wild Things Are by Maurice Sendak have appeared since the beginning of the story, namely since the transformation of Max's bedroom into a forest to Max's exploration of the forest that grew in his room until he was crowned "King of all wild things". These symbols have strengthened the ideological myth that humans are superior and destined to dominate nature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Regga Navratilova Ariyanto, Rahayu Puji Haryanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFL Students’ Metacognitive Strategies in Learning Speaking
This research aims to identify the metacognitive strategies students apply in learning to speak. These strategies include planning, monitoring, information management, debugging, and evaluation. The study uses a quantitative approach and distributed questionnaires via Google Forms to 157 respondents. However, only 110 English education students from four different semesters (two, four, six, and eight) at Muhammadiyah University of Kendari were willing to participate. The results show that 41% of students sometimes planning their speaking lessons by reading the instructions carefully before starting the task. Additionally, 39% of students often monitor their comprehension to improve their speaking skills, such as checking whether the presentation objectives are achieved and considering alternative ways to solve speaking problems. For the Information Management strategy, 40% of students often try to translate their talks into their own words for better understanding. Furthermore, 43% of students often follow the Debugging strategy, which involves stopping and repeating when unsure in speaking. In terms of evaluation, 43% of students sometimes evaluate their speaking learning by assessing their performance after speaking comprehension tests and identifying areas for improvement.
Copyright (c) 2025 fitrianingsih, Rahmat Nasrullah, Faridawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Politeness Strategies in a Princess Tale: A Pragmatic Analysis of Barbie and the Diamond Castle
This study investigates the politeness strategies employed by characters in the animated film Barbie and the Diamond Castle, aiming to explore how these strategies function to maintain social harmony and manage interpersonal relationships. The research is grounded in Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory, which categorizes politeness strategies into four types: bald on-record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record. A total of 30 utterances containing politeness strategies were carefully extracted from the film’s dialogues through repeated viewings and transcription. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the analysis revealed that positive politeness was the most frequently employed strategy, occurring 12 times (40,00%), followed by bald on-record strategies with 10 occurrences (33,33%). Negative politeness and off-record strategies were observed less frequently, with 4 (13.33%) and 4 (13.33%) occurrences, respectively. These findings suggest that the characters predominantly use positive politeness to convey friendliness and foster solidarity, while bald on-record strategies mainly serve direct and urgent communicative functions. Despite their lower frequency, negative politeness and off-record strategies play crucial roles in mitigating face-threatening acts and enriching subtlety in interpersonal interaction. This study addresses a significant gap in pragmatic research concerning politeness in children’s animated media, which remains underexplored compared to adult-oriented content. The results offer valuable implications for educators, linguists, and media producers aiming to enhance socially appropriate communication in children’s programming.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pande Komang Dewi Utari, Putu Gede Budiartha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Writing Skill with Gamified Learning: Developing Sentence and Vocabulary for Fifth Grade Students at Sri Aman Suksa School
This study is aimed at examining the effectiveness of gamified learning for enhancing English writing skills, particularly focusing on sentence construction and vocabulary enrichment, towards the fifth-grade students at Sri Aman Suksa School, Thailand. The research utilized a quantitative methodology incorporating pre-test and post-test frameworks. There were 25 students engaged in the research, undertaking a writing pre-test prior to the treatment and a post-test subsequent to the implementation of gamified learning activities. To address the abnormal distribution in the post-test data, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was utilised to assess the significant difference between pre-test and post-test outcomes. The results indicated that students' preliminary writing proficiency was average, characterized by recurrent grammatical inaccuracies and restricted vocabulary utilization. Following the implementation of gamified learning activities, their post-test performance improved by 19 points on average (from 53.44 to 72.44), a statistically significant enhancement (p = 0.000). The effect size analysis revealed a Cohen’s d value of 1.15, indicating a substantial and significant effect. The findings indicate that gamified learning fostered engaging and motivating learning, allowing students to formulate more precise sentences and effectively broaden their vocabulary. In conclusion, gamified learning is an effective educational approach for enhancing writing skills in primary-level English as a Foreign Language (EFL) setting. It underscores the potential of a gamified learning approach to improve students’ writing skills. Furthermore, it provides significant implications for English language instruction at the primary education level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Keyti Endhita, Henny Mardiah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring the Emotional Labor Processes in Shaping Primary English Teachers' Professional Identity
Language teachers were bound to perform many kinds of different emotions, known as emotional labor (EL), throughout their teaching experiences. However, despite the growing interest in recent years, the primary teachers’ emotions have been persistently ignored. This study thus aims to explore the emotional experiences of primary school English teachers in Indonesia on how those processes contribute to their professional identity. Employing a case study design, it seeks to deepen the understanding of teacher emotions by aligning data from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews (n=3) with the emerging theory of Emotional Labor Process (Hochschild, 2012). The findings reveal the dual impact of emotional labor (EL) on teachers' professional identity. Deep acting positively influences commitment by helping teachers align their emotional expressions with their professional values. This alignment strengthens their dedication and engagement in teaching. Conversely, if teachers experience significant stress and struggle their commitment may decrease. Surface acting, which involves faking or suppressing emotions, affects teachers' ability to manage stress effectively. Their ability in managing emotional labor impact their instructional beliefs and self-efficacy that undermining their confidence and teaching quality. This study highlights the need for emotional management training in teacher development programs to strengthen their capacity to navigate EL and maintain their professional identity. Furthermore, creating a supportive work environment is essential for sustaining teachers’ well-being and professional growth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vanya Maulidia Azizah, Ngadiso, Sri Haryati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Directive Speech Act Found in “Moana 2” Movie
This research aims to analyze directive speech acts found in the animated movie Moana 2 using Searle’s (1979) theory of illocutionary acts. Directive speech acts are utterances that are intended to persuade the listener to take action, either directly or indirectly. The data were gathered through observation, by observing the film and reading the official script. According to the categories of directed speech acts, the utterances were categorized and interpreted using a descriptive qualitative technique. The result of data analyis showed that every character in the movie utilized a total of 45 directed speech acts. They were divided into five categories: warnings, suggestions, requests, commands, and advice. Command represented 40% of the data, making it the most dominant category among them. Requests and suggestions were following. This dominance highlights Moana’s strong leadership role, as she regularly employs commanding words to influence people and steer the plot. Additionally, the results showed how the social context, character relationships, and narrative suspense of the film all influence the directed speech actions. In this study, the role of directive acts in animated film was analyzed in detail, which advances the subject of pragmatics. It should offer helpful references for future studies on media language usage and speech act theory.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gede Eka Suasta Putra, Ida Ayu Putri Gita Ardiantari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Intra-Sentential Code Mixing in the YouTube Podcast Video by Timothy Ronald Featuring Agatha Chelsea
This study investigates the phenomenon of intra-sentential code mixing in the YouTube podcast video by Timothy Ronald featuring Agatha Chelsea, titled "Misi Membangun 1000 Sekolah ft Agatha Chelsea". Code mixing, especially within a single sentence, is a common phenomenon in casual spoken interactions among bilingual speakers. This study focuses on identifying the various forms and communicative purposes of intra-sentential code mixing used by the speakers. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, and the data were obtained through observation and transcription of the YouTube podcast. The analysis is based on Hoffman’s theory (1991), which highlights several reasons for code mixing, including discussing certain themes, repeating for explanatory purposes, articulating personal identity, interjection, and emphasizing particular ideas. The findings show that there are 10 instances of intra-sentential code mixing, where Indonesian and English are frequently combined to enhance clarity, fluency, and emotional emphasis. It can be concluded that intra-sentential code mixing is not only a linguistic habit but also a strategic tool for effective communication in digital media, especially among bilingual young adults. This research contributes to broader discussions in digital communication studies by illustrating how code mixing reflects identity, audience engagement, and linguistic creativity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Komang Anik Supadmi, Putu Gede Budiartha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Literacy Activities in the Go Green Program to Increase Environmental Awareness among Elementary School Students
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of literacy activities in the Go Green program in improving elementary school students’ environmental awareness, which includes cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions. The research subjects were 40 fifth-grade students (class V.B) at SDN 1 Arjawinangun. The program was implemented from February to June 2025 with literacy activities focusing on greening, waste management, reduction of single-use plastics, and energy and water conservation. The study employed a one-group pretest–posttest design using questionnaires before and after the program, accompanied by observations to capture students’ behavior during the activities. The results of the paired sample t-test indicated a significant increase in students’ environmental awareness, with posttest scores on average 9.75 points higher than pretest scores (t = -18.004; p < 0.001). Simple regression analysis revealed that literacy activities in the Go Green program had a positive and significant effect on improving overall environmental awareness. Meanwhile, multiple regression analysis showed that the four literacy activities contributed differently to students’ cognitive, affective, and conative dimensions. These findings demonstrate a strong effect size. However, this study is limited by the use of a one-group design, reliance on self-reported measures, and restricted generalization since it involved only one class from a single school.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohamad Husein Nurullah, Aliet Noorhayati Sutisno, Fanny Septiany Rahayu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Boarding School EFL Teachers' Strategies to Build Up Students' Speaking Competence
This study investigates how EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers utilize teaching strategies to enhance students' speaking competence, particularly in Grade 8 classes. The data were collected through 30-minute observations per teacher and 15-minute semi-structured interviews with both teachers from the boarding school, conducted both inside and outside the classroom. This study employed a descriptive case study approach, and the data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis to identify recurring patterns and categorize the strategies used in the classroom. The findings revealed that teachers employed a combination of strategies both inside and outside the classroom. Inside the classroom, strategies include vocabulary drilling, question-and-answer sessions, discussions, and group work. Meanwhile, the teachers from outside the classroom employed a range of teaching strategies, including group work, vocabulary drilling and memorization, as well as question-and-answer sessions and conversations. The above strategies demonstrate that interaction strategies, such as dialogue, conversation, and Q&A, encourage the use of speaking language, while vocabulary drilling provides the foundation for speaking development. The results offer insight into how boarding schools can promote lifelong language learning by striking a balance between classroom instruction and additional practice. The study highlights the practical value of interactive strategies in fostering speaking competence. However, as the research was limited to two teachers in a single institution, the findings provide transferable insights for similar EFL boarding school settings, particularly in highlighting the practical value of interactive approaches for fostering speaking competence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hafez Al Assad, Farida Repelita Waty Br. Kembaren, Muhammad Dalimunte https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Examination of Grice’s Maxims in the Horror Novel Five Nights at Freddy’s by Scott Cawthon
Communication is a fundamental aspect of human interaction, and its effectiveness depends greatly on the cooperation between speakers. One influential framework for analysing this cooperation is Grice’s Cooperative Principle (1975), which consists of four conversational maxims: quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. This article aims to identify the types of cooperative maxims as proposed by Grice (1975) found in the horror novel Five Nights at Freddy’s: Fazbear Frights #2 Fetch by Scott Cawthon. The horror genre is particularly relevant for this analysis because it relies heavily in dialogue to build suspense, ambiguity, and psychological tension, making the application of conversational maxims especially significant. The objective of this study is to identify and classify the types of cooperative maxims, namely quantity, quality, relevance, and manner, that are used in the dialogues between characters. The research applies a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation and note taking techniques, focusing on the dialogue between characters. The analysis revealed that the most frequently used type of maxim is the maxim of quantity (22 occurrences), followed by the maxim of quality (13), relevance (9), and manner (8). These findings indicate that the characters in the novel generally cooperate in communication by providing sufficient, truthful, relevant, and clear information. This research highlights how cooperative maxims are applied in fictional texts, contributing to effective communication and narrative coherence within the horror genre. In addition to narrative cohesion, the results of this study also suggest broader implications for literary and linguistic studies, demonstrating how pragmatic principles can serve as tools for understanding character dynamics, thematic construction, and stylistic strategies in fiction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Made Cahyana, Nur Ayomi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identifying Hate Speech on Israeli Netizent Tiktok
The purpose of this study is to find out the impoliteness strategy of hate speech netizens use on TikTok accounts against the state of Israel and to find out the dominant types of impoliteness strategies of hate speech netizens use on TikTok accounts against the state of Israel. This study used the descriptive-qualitative method. In the results of the data analysis, the writer found four types of impoliteness strategies in comments on Israeli state accounts, namely Bald on on-record impoliteness. There are 14 (12%) comments of positive impoliteness, 8 (8%) comments of negative impoliteness, 59 (59%) comments of sarcasm, politeness, 19 (19%) comments of withhold politeness, and 0 (0%) comments. The writer finds that the most dominant type of strategy used is the impoliteness strategy or negative impoliteness. This type is more frequently used because of the high emotional dissatisfaction shown by the speaker against Israel. Sensitive topics such as political conflicts or controversial international situations often provoke strong emotions and discontent among social media users. Netizens believe that Israel violates human rights or treats certain groups unfairly, especially in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This can cause a negative reaction, and some social media users may use negative disobedience to show support or solidarity to groups or parties involved in conflict with
Copyright (c) 2025 Wulan Sari Silalahi, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu, Rotua Elfrida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Language Styles Used by Gibran Rakabuming Raka in Political Interaction on Youtube Videos
This study disscuses the language style and aims to find out the types of language style used by Gibran Rakabuming Raka in political interaction 5 YouTube videos. This study is based on the theory of Martin Joos (1967) where the writer aplied the descriptive-qualitative method to get the data. The findings show that only four types used by Gibran Rakabuming in political interactions on 5 YouTube videos, such as frozen style, formal style, consultative style, and casual style. The writer also found 51 data which appropriate with the characteristics of language style in the 5 YouTube videos. They are 7 extracts of frozen style with 13,7%, 10 extracts of formal style with 19,6%, 27 extracts of consultative style with 53%, 7 extracts of casual style with 13,7%. The findings reveal that consultative style is the most dominant used than the other style because Gibran used the consultation sentences involved sharing information and the mention of visions, missions, and programs resonating and it is tended about characteristic of consultative style.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yuly Enjelina Br Pandia, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu, Donna Ria Pasaribu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Verbal Bullying on Self-Confidence in Fifth-Grade Students at State Elementary School
This research is motivated by the high number of verbal bullying cases that have a negative impact on students' self-confidence. This study aimed to examine the effect of verbal bullying on the self-confidence of fifth grade students. The method used was descriptive quantitative with a case study approach. From a total population of 86 students, 34 students were selected as a sample with considerations of representativeness and sufficient numbers for simple statistical analysis. Data were collected through a validated and tested questionnaire for reliability, then analyzed using simple linear regression. The results showed that verbal bullying (taunts, insults, and threats) had a significant effect negative relationship with students' self-confidence, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.369; R² = 0.136; t(32) = -2.243; p < 0.05; and a 95% confidence interval. This means that verbal bullying is associated with 13.6% of the variation in self-confidence, while the rest is influenced by other factors. Although the contribution of influence is relatively small, the practical impact is quite important because victims of verbal bullying tend to hesitate to express their opinions, are afraid to speak in front of the class, and are passive in interacting. These findings align with Erikson's psychosocial theory and Bandura's self-efficacy theory, which explain that negative experiences can lower children's self-confidence. This study is limited by its sample size and limited scope of variables. Therefore, future research is recommended to involve a broader population and consider other psychosocial factors that influence students' self-confidence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jamilah, Khozinul Huda, Fikriyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Semiotic Analysis of The Logo and Sign Posts as Found in PT KAI Medan 2024
This research focuses on a semiotic analysis of the logo and directional signs at the PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) Medan Station. Utilizing Peirce's theory, this study identifies nine semiotic sign elements emerging from the analysis, with symbols dominating as the most frequently occurring element. The logo of PT KAI Medan, characterized by the use of dark blue color and a line crossing the letter "A," symbolically represents stability, professionalism, and reliability of the company, while directional signs within the company's environment are strategically positioned to provide clear information to station users. This research provides a profound understanding of the use of semiotic signs in assisting station users' navigation and offers a foundation for further research on the effectiveness of semiotic sign usage in the context of public transportation and its impact on user experience.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lasma Duma Lestari Hutauruk, Sondang Manik, Rony Arahta Sembiring https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring The Implementation Process of an ESP Program for Engineering Students: A CIPP-Based Evaluation
This study evaluates the implementation of an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program for engineering students at a private university in West Java, Indonesia, using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. The study involved 15 participants, including 10 Mechanical Engineering students, 3 ESP instructors, and 2 program administrators. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis over a four-month period. The findings revealed that the program successfully identified students' professional language needs, particularly in technical writing and oral presentation, aligning well with industry and academic expectations. Quantitative data indicated an average 18% improvement in students' writing and presentation scores over one semester. Despite these gains, listening skills remained underdeveloped due to the limited integration of audio-based materials and listening-focused instruction. The curriculum applied project-based learning and included some authentic materials but was hindered by insufficient instructor training and inadequate resource support. The study underscores the importance of aligning curriculum design, pedagogical strategies, and resource allocation with learner needs. It also affirms the utility of the CIPP model in evaluating ESP programs holistically and provides practical implications for curriculum developers, language educators, and institutional policymakers committed to enhancing the quality and impact of ESP instruction in engineering education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mimin Aminah, Muchlas Suseno, Samsi Setiadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Students' Reading Comprehension Skill By Using CIRC
The Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) method is a cooperative learning method used to develop language skills such as reading and writing in the classroom at the high school level. This study used a Quasi-experimental design because it aims to investigate whether the teaching technique has a significant impact on students' reading comprehension. In this study, eleventh grade students of SMA 6 Palopo in the academic year 2023/2024 were selected as the object of research. Students in the experimental group after the treatment were in the good and quite good classification, while the control group was in the quite bad classification. The mean scores of the experimental group and control group in the pre-test and post-test were 74.11 and 64.11, respectively, with standard deviations of 16.885 and 13.833. After treatment with the CIRC method, the mean scores of students in both groups were higher than those in the non-CIRC treatment group. The results showed that the treatment in the control group and the experimental group showed significant improvement in students' reading comprehension achievement. In conclusion, the application of Cooperative Integrative Reading Composition has shown promising results in improving students' English learning, especially in reading narrative texts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Audy Alya Batara, Jusriati, Nasriandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Switching Among Worlds: How Online Friends Encourage Code-Switching in Communication
This study investigates code-switching in digital communication among bilinguals, focusing on informal conversations on WhatsApp and Discord. It aims to examine the types of Code-Switching that occur and the underlying motivations behind them. The study employs a qualitative case study approach, the research involved chat data analysis and semi-structured interviews with a 21-year-old Indonesian and an 18-year-old Malaysian, both of whom are online friends. Data were collected over a three months period (January-March 2025). Guided by Poplack’s typology, the analysis identified three types of code switching: intra-sentential, inter-sentential, and tag-switching with intra-sentential switching being the most frequent (76% of all instances). Participants reported that their language choices were influenced by social dynamics, emotional state and the context of the conversation. Reasons for code-switching were for expressive clarity, social connection and cultural identity reinforcement. While limited by its small sample and short timeframe, this study highlights how digital platforms facilitate linguistic flexibility and position Code-Switching as a strategic tool for interpersonal communication. The findings contribute to the fields of sociolinguistic and digital communication by providing insight into how online communication shapes multilingual practices in contemporary context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rainata Gracia, Syamdianita, Aridah, Maria Teodora Ping, Iwan Setiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Existential Dilemma in Star Wars: Last Shot Novel by Daniel Jose Older
This study investigates the existential dilemmas faced by Han Solo in Daniel José Older’s Star Wars: Last Shot, with a focus on how his struggles with identity, purpose, and responsibility as a father influence his actions and relationships. The research addresses the following questions: How do Han’s existential conflicts manifest in the narrative? In what ways do these struggles impact his relationship with his son, Ben Solo? Using a descriptive qualitative approach, selected passages from the novel are analyzed to identify manifestations of existential conflict, drawing on Matthew Ratcliffe’s theory of existential feelings to interpret Han’s moods and decision-making. Key findings indicate that Han’s lack of role models and emotional distance contribute to repeated mistakes and strained family bonds, particularly with Ben, whose sense of abandonment is illustrated through pivotal scenes. These unresolved issues are shown to play a significant role in Ben’s eventual transformation into Kylo Ren. The study underscores the importance of emotional presence and self-awareness in parenting, suggesting that existential dilemmas can have lasting intergenerational effects. Data was collected through close textual analysis of the novel. Limitations include the focus on a single fictional character, indicating the need for comparative studies in other works or real-life contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Fadhil Nugroho, Rahayu Puji Haryanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Flash Card to Improve Simple English Vocabulary for Young Learners
This research explores the effectiveness of flashcards as a tool for enhancing vocabulary mastery among young English learners. The study was conducted at SD Negeri 6 Ngabul Jepara with a sample of 40 fourth-grade students, utilizing a pre- experimental design that included pre-tests and post-tests. Flashcards were employed over multiple instructional sessions to teach vocabulary related to body parts, locations, and animals. The results, analyzed through paired sample t-tests, revealed a significant enhancement in students' vocabulary skills, with the post-test mean score (58.87) considerably exceeding the pre-test mean (50.79), and a p-value of 0.002 indicating statistical significance. The study concludes that flashcards effectively improve students' vocabulary retention and motivation, making the learning process more engaging and successful. These findings suggest that flashcards serve as a valuable instructional tool for language learning, especially at the elementary level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diva Firliana Deswita, Husni Mubarok https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Using Scrabble to Increase Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
This study investigates the effectiveness of using Scrabble as a cooperative learning model to enhance students' vocabulary mastery. The research involved 35 students and employed pre-test and post-test designs to assess the impact of the intervention. Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in students' vocabulary understanding, with an average pre-test score of 56.3 increasing to 76.0 post-test. The analysis indicated a mean gain of 20 points and a 20% increase in learning outcomes. Normality tests confirmed the data's distribution, and homogeneity tests of variance showed consistent results across the groups. The findings suggest that Scrabble effectively enhances students' vocabulary skills, supported by a t-value of 3.48 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference pre- and post-intervention. These results highlight Scrabble's potential as an engaging tool for improving conceptual understanding in educational settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nanda hariska, Jusriati, Puspa Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Discourse Analysis Study on the Determination of Marriage Dispensation in Religious Courts
This study examines the phenomenon of the determination of marriage dispensation in the Belopa Religious Court, Luwu Regency through a critical discourse analysis approach. The purpose of this study is to analyze the discourse structure, discursive practices, and socio-cultural practices that underlie the determination of marriage dispensation. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of document studies on the determination of marriage dispensation in 2020-2023, in-depth interviews with judges, and observations of the trial process. The results of the study show that the discourse structure in the determination of marriage dispensation is dominated by considerations of benefit and prevention of harm, which is reflected in the use of Islamic legal diction and arguments. Discursive practices show the existence of a power relationship between the court authority and the applicant for dispensation, where the court has the legitimacy to determine the eligibility of underage marriage. Meanwhile, at the level of socio-cultural practice, the determination of marriage dispensation cannot be separated from the social construction of the Luwu community regarding marriage and adulthood, as well as economic and educational factors. This study concludes that the discourse of marriage dispensation in the Belopa Religious Court is the result of a complex interaction between legal authority, religious values, and the socio-cultural realities of the local community.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hasriana Usman, Rahmawati, Muh. Thayyib Kaddase https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Concrete-Abstract Metaphor: Critical Investigation on Figurative Language in Ariana Grande Song Lyrics
Metaphor provides emotions as an important role in literary works. Especially for personal emotional experiences in a modern song lyric. This research highlights the use of concrete-to-abstract metaphor to represent emotional experiences in a song lyric. While most previous studies only focus on classifying the types of metaphor. This study fills the void by analyzing how concrete-to-abstract metaphors are used in a modern song lyric to express personal emotion. This study aims to learn deep understanding about figurative language by analyzing the concrete-to-abstract metaphors that are found in Ariana Grande song lyrics. This study used descriptive-qualitative methods to analyze the data based on theory that was used in semantics. The data were collected from three songs in Ariana Grande’s album entitled Eternal Sunshine. Data analysis utilized Knickerbocker and Renninger (1963) figurative language theory for the metaphor analysis and Stephen Ullman (1964) for the metaphor types analysis. The study shows lyrics using concrete-to-abstract metaphor. In addition, these findings can expand the understanding of the song writer’s characteristics. It is hoped that this study can be referenced in the study of music, language, literature, and enrich further understanding and appreciation about figurative language and metaphor in various modern music.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abel Apriliyanti, Ni Nyoman Deni Ariyaningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Teaching Approaches on Students' Perspectives on Challenges and Opportunities in Learning English at Ban Kaeng Sri Phoom School, Thailand
Despite English being a compulsory subject in Thailand, the country's English proficiency remains low. This research explores the relationship between teaching methods and students' perceptions of challenges and opportunities in learning English at Ban Kaeng Sri Phoom School, Thailand. This study aims to understand how teaching methods can be optimized to enhance motivation and effectiveness in learning English in Thailand. By identifying specific challenges faced by students, the research paves the way for developing appropriate solutions. A mixed methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from questionnaires (administered to students) with qualitative data from classroom observations. The research spanned four months, from July to October 2023. Classroom observations revealed student behaviors that indicated a lack of focus and motivation. Additionally, intellectual diversity among students presented challenges. The questionnaire results provided insights into students' perceptions of learning English, their confidence levels, and the effort they put into their studies. The findings suggest that current teaching methods may not be sufficiently engaging or cater to the diverse needs of students. This highlights the need for teachers to adopt more interactive and individualized approaches. The study also emphasizes the importance of collaboration between teachers, students, and families to create a supportive learning environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Andi Azizah Nahdah Atzila, Syahrir, Husnani Aliah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of POCA (Reading Corner) Literacy Program to Developed Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and Their Involvement English Learning Process at Fifth Grade of Elementary School
This study investigates the implementation of the POCA (Print–Oral–Contextual–Action) literacy program to enhance vocabulary mastery and increase student involvement in English learning among fifth-grade students at SD Al-Fatih Islamic School. Using Classroom Action Research (CAR), the study was conducted in two cycles with a total of 20 students. The program focused specifically on verbs related to daily activities such as waking up, walking, eating, and going to school. Data were collected through vocabulary tests, structured classroom observations, and student interviews. Quantitative findings revealed substantial improvement in students’ vocabulary scores, rising from a mean of 68.4 (pre-cycle) to 76.2 (post-test Cycle I) and 85.6 (post-test Cycle II), with 92% of students meeting the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) set at 75. Qualitative data also showed higher engagement, with students demonstrating active participation and improved confidence in using verbs contextually. These findings suggest that literacy-based learning, particularly the POCA model, is effective because It not only strengthens vocabulary acquisition but also fosters motivation and meaningful involvement in the English learning process.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tata Regita Sherfaty Irawan, Masagus Firdaus, Hanni Yukaman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language Styles and Learning Motivation Changes in Instagram Captions: A Case of Three International Students
This study analyzes the changes in language style and English learning motivation reflected in 181 Instagram captions from three international students pursuing higher education in Indonesia. The analysis is based on Martin Joos's theory of language styles and Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System. This qualitative descriptive research focuses on comparing captions from the period before and during their study in Indonesia. The findings indicate a significant shift. Prior to their studies, the dominant language style was casual (41.41%), and motivation was rarely expressed (2.02%), categorized primarily as L2 Learning Experience. However, during their time abroad, language styles became more varied. While the casual style remained dominant (39.23%), the use of the consultative style also increased (23.20%), suggesting an adaptation to audience and communicative goals. Motivational expressions also increased significantly, especially L2 Learning Experience (19.34%), followed by Ideal L2 Self (6.08%) and Ought-to L2 Self (2.21%). These changes highlight the strong influence of social, academic, and personal development on language use and motivational expression on social media. The findings support Dörnyei's assertion that language motivation is not static but evolves in response to a learner's experiences. This research contributes to the literature on digital discourse and language learning motivation in the context of English education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vidya Mukti Cakraningrum, Widhiyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring EFL Learners’ and Teachers’ perspectives in an International Online Exchange Program
In today’s interconnected world, fostering intercultural understanding and language acquisition among young learners is increasingly vital. Online exchange programs have emerged as accessible alternatives to traditional exchanges, enabling students to interact globally and build intercultural competencies. This qualitative case study explores the perspectives of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers and students engaged in an intensive international online exchange program organized by With The World Incorporation, Japan. The study aimed to identify challenges faced by participants and the strategies employed to overcome them, offering a holistic understanding of the online exchange experience. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, involving one teacher, a program coordinator, and actively participating students. Thematic analysis revealed challenges such as technical and connectivity issues, language proficiency barriers, sustaining engagement, scheduling conflicts, and cultural differences. Despite these obstacles, the program proved effective through proactive planning, strong technical and logistical support, psychologically safe and task-based pedagogy, engaging content, and continuous feedback. These findings align with established theories, including the digital divide, foreign language anxiety, and self-determination theory. The study highlights how adaptive strategies can transform barriers into opportunities to enhance English proficiency, promote intercultural understanding, and develop global competencies. The results provide practical implications for educators and program designers, emphasizing dynamic content, adaptive teaching approaches, and feedback mechanisms to optimize future online exchange initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sifreni Mira Yusiana, Rizal Wahid Permana, Sonny Elfiyanto, Junaidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing the Pupils' Speaking Abilities through Debate
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the debate method in enhancing students' English-speaking abilities while also exploring its impact on pupils, its influence on soft skills such as collaboration and empathy, and identifying the optimal duration and frequency of debate activities for maximum educational benefit. The research was conducted using a classroom action research design implemented in two cycles. Data were gathered through speaking tests, classroom observations, and pupils’ interviews. The results demonstrate significant improvements in students’ speaking performance. Specifically, pronunciation improved by 51.16%, vocabulary by 50%, fluency by 72.5%, grammar by 87.88%, and comprehension by 89.19%. These findings suggest that integrating debate into speaking instruction is an effective pedagogical approach that enhances students’ English-speaking proficiency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Erfina Maulidah Khabib, Suci Muliana, Paulina Deby Putri Indrawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigating Satirical Interpretation of Netizen Comments on Tiktok Toward Megawati
Freely to express opinions is one of the reasons netizens use social media as a forum for expressing themselves. Through the comment’s column, netizens on TikTok use elements of satirical language to criticize, satirize Megawati with a sense of humor using polite and even vulgar language. The aim of this research is to discuss the satirical interpretation of people's comments on TikTok towards Megawati. The data was taken from 50 netizen comments on the official TikTok account Inilah.com. The results of this study show that there are three types of satire used by netizens to criticize Megawati, namely Horatian Satire, Juvenalian Satire and Manippean Satire, and netizens use Horatian satire as the dominant type with a percentage of 58% of all data analysis. In clarifying the data, the writer uses descriptive qualitative research with analytical description method. The data were analyzed using Harmon and Holman's theory. For practical purposes, it is hoped that the results of this research can become a new model for the study of satire. Theoretically, satire is not only used on social media but also elsewhere as a way for people to express their opinion about a subject and show that people are wiser in using their language for a particular purpose.
Copyright (c) 2025 Era Mita Theresia Simamora, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu, Jubilezer Sihite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Strategy of Flouting Maxim by the Characters of The Little Mermaid Movie in “Live Action Version”
The purpose of this study is to find out the types and the strategies of flouting maxim in The Little Mermaid movie. This study uses the qualitative descriptive method. The theory used in this study based on Grice (1989) cooperative principle theories and the strategy flouting maxims based on Grundy (2002). It presents the two objectives in the study, namely, the types of flouting maxims and the strategy that are used to flout the maxim performed by the characters and conversation from the movie. The results show that all types strategies and flouted maxim are found in the movie, that are frequency of types flouting maxim flouting maxim quantity is 12 (44.44%), flouting maxim quality is 4 (14.81%), flouting maxim relevance is 7 (25.92%) flouting maxim manner is 4 (14.81%), and the most dominant flout maxim is the flouting the maxim of quantity is 12 (44.44%) utterances. All the types strategy flouting maxims are found in the movie, the strategy of understatement is the most frequently used to flouts the maxim of quantity with its appearance 10 times out of 27 data. The second strategy being obscure with appearance 7 times. The third strategy metaphor and changing the topic have the same frequency 3 times. The last one strategy overstatement and irony have the same frequency 2 times. It was also found the implied meaning behind main characters' linguistic maxims depending on the context of conversation. It is hoped that this study can provide benefits in terms of practically, for the English department students, lecturers, readers, and researchers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eka Sarinah Napitupulu, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu, Rotua Elfrida Pangaribuan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigating Cognitive Levels on Reading Comprehension Questions in EFL Textbook for Merdeka Curriculum
This research aims to examine the cognitive levels present in “Bahasa Inggris Work in Progress Buku Siswa Untuk SMA/SMK/MA Kelas 10.” It evaluates how they might influence the development of students' thinking skills. The study employed qualitative content analysis, using an analytical framework adapted from the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy to analyze 35 WH-questions from six selected chapters. This research primarily employed WH-questions as the primary data source, as they are highly valuable for promoting students' literal comprehension skills, rearranging text information, and developing evaluations, personal responses, and predictions. This research found that higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) were more dominant than lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) in the WH-questions. Furthermore, not all six levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy were represented. The cognitive level “Understand” becomes the most dominant in the textbook, followed by “Evaluate,” “Analyze,” and “Remember,” which are the least dominant cognitive levels found in the data. Conversely, the cognitive levels “Apply” and “Create” were not found in the examined data. These results suggest that while the textbook effectively promotes certain aspects of higher-order thinking, it lacks diversity in cognitive challenges. Therefore, teachers are encouraged to supplement the textbook with additional tasks that foster real-world application and creativity. Textbook designers should also integrate a broader range of cognitive levels to provide more comprehensive and balanced learning experiences aligned with the goals of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Copyright (c) 2025 Atina Firdausa Qisthi, Djatmika, Ngadiso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improvement Of Speaking Skills Based on Collaborative Learning Models in Students Class V Elementary School
Problems in the research on Improving Speech Skills Based on Collaborative Learning Model in Grade V Students of Elementary School. This study aims to determine the improvement of speaking ability based on the Collaborative Learning Model in Grade V Students of Elementary School. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The subjects in this study are grade V students of Elementary School. This type of research is class action research or PTK using the Kemmis and Mc Taggart research model, namely planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection The subject of this research is grade V students of Elementary School. The data collection technique uses the performance test technique. The data analysis technique in this study uses qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results of this study were obtained in cycle I showing that there was an increase in speaking ability in the aspects of fluency, sentence structure, vocabulary, intonation and pronunciation were very good. This increase was seen in cycle I and cycle II increased from 5% to 81%. Based on the average score obtained by students in cycle I is 75 and in cycle II the average score obtained by students is 80. From these results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the collaborative learning model can improve the speaking ability of grade V students of Elementary School.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sitiyul Setiawati, Ulfah, Sukma, Ida Nur'aeni, Juniati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Assessment Instruments for Procedural Writing of Managing Flight Emergency and Urgency Situations: Examining Indonesian Aviation English Instructors’ Perceptions
Despite the critical need for written communication and emergency management proficiency in aviation, existing research in aviation English education has primarily emphasized speaking and listening skills, neglecting cadets’ writing abilities. This gap is particularly concerning given the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 10 requirements, which demand accurate and coherent documentation in emergency scenarios. Addressing this void, the present study aimed to develop reliable and valid assessment instruments for assessing aviation cadets’ procedural writing skills in managing flight emergency and urgency situations. This study also examined the Indonesian Aviation English instructors’ perceptions on the developed assessment instruments. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) design using the ADDIE model—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—the study constructed test instructions and an analytic scoring rubric based on learning indicators derived from ICAO Annex 10. The instruments underwent expert validation (CVI = 1.00) and were trialed with 24 third-semester aeronautical communication cadets. The inter-rater reliability test showed good consistency (ICC = 0.802–0.890), confirming the rubric’s reliability in practical use. Results revealed that the instruments effectively assessed both linguistic skills and operational understanding. Aviation English instructors found the assessment instruments pedagogically valuable as they promoted integrated language learning and critical thinking skills through the application of a sequenced procedure in managing flight emergency and urgency situations. However, limitations include the small sample size and the absence of multimodal performance assessments. Future research should expand implementation across diverse aviation academies and explore integration with AI-driven tools or scenario-based simulations. This study contributes to English for Specific Purposes (ESP) pedagogy by providing a validated framework for enhancing and assessing domain-specific writing in high-stakes professional contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Raga Driyan Pratama, Nur Mukminatien, Fatmawati, Suhono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Probing Undergraduate EFL Students’ Motivation to Teach as Career Decision Making: A Narrative Inquiry
The teacher shortage has increased in the last couple of years, and the teacher profession has become less attractive to students. This phenomenon can be seen from the contrasting data comparison between the number of students entering education majors against the increasing number of teachers needs in 2022-2024. To understand college students’ motivation to teach, this study intends to uncover what motivates English Foreign Language (EFL) students to make career choices towards the teaching profession and what EFL students’ plans are after completing their studies. Utilizing a narrative inquiry, the data were collected from four students through written narratives and semi-structured interviews at a private university in Indonesia. Based on the findings, one student wants to become a teacher as their first choice, with plans to find a teaching job. Another two students decided to become teachers as their second choice; both have their ideas about the teaching profession, with one planning to commit to another profession, while the other is looking at the situation. The last student does not want to become a teacher because of internal and external influences, planning to look for another profession as his choice. This makes it necessary to take action on how the teacher preparation program needs to evaluate, and the government needs to make the teaching profession more appealing to undergraduate EFL students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arya Prabawa, Dewi Rochsantiningsih, Nur Arifah Drajati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Children's Literature on Character Education with an Ethnopedology Approach for Grade VI Students Elementary School
This study explores the influence of children's literature—particularly Torajan folklore—on character education through an ethnopedagogic approach at SDN 3 Rantepao. Using a qualitative case study method, the research investigates how traditional stories such as Polopadang can foster core character values including honesty, hard work, gratitude, and cultural respect among sixth-grade students. Data were collected through interviews, classroom observations, documentation, and student questionnaires. The findings reveal that integrating local culture into learning activities significantly enhances students’ moral development and cultural identity. For example, students' understanding of honesty increased from 16% to 100%, and observable behaviors such as admitting mistakes and completing assignments honestly also improved. The ethnopedagogic approach proved effective in contextualizing moral values within the students' cultural environment, making character education more meaningful and impactful. This study affirms the importance of utilizing local wisdom in education to build character and preserve traditional heritage in the face of modern challenges.
Copyright (c) 2025 Herlina Payuk Allo, Rita Tanduk, Dina Gasong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mobile Augmented Reality Storybook Embedded with Local Wisdom: A Needs Analysis of Primary Students in Learning English
This research investigated the development of a Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) English storybook embedded with local wisdom to support English learning in primary schools. It focusses to analyse the necessities, lacks, and wants of students and teachers regarding technology-based learning media and to design a preliminary concept of a MAR storybook appropriate for young learners. A qualitative needs analysis was conducted with 50 fourth-grade students and 2 English teachers in primary school in Serang City, Banten Province, Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations to examine students’ learning habits, teachers’ perspectives, and classroom challenges. The results showed that the majority of students (52% are accustomed to using smartphones, 57% are very familiar with technology, 67% like story-based learning, and 76% are enthusiastic about interactive animation) and teachers need contextual, interactive, and easily accessible learning media, while the shortcomings due to limited infrastructure, teacher training, and the dominance of memorization methods. As a solution, a pre-designed MAR storybook was developed based on Bantenese folktale with simple text, illustrations, audio, AR animation, as well as vocabulary, pronunciation, reflective quizzes, and critical question features in a lightweight, child-friendly application that can be accessed online and offline.
Copyright (c) 2025 Asih Rosnaningsih, Asep Muhyidin, Sholeh Hidayat, Yudi Juniardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Student Difficulties in English Language Pronunciation: A Qualitative Study of Tenth-Grade Students at Senior High School
The object of this study is to investigates the student difficulties in pronunciation of student MAN 2 Model Medan. The research design used qualitative research with observation and interviews as data collection techniques, the participants in this study were tenth-grade students, namely Rara, Mutia, and Faika. The results showed that the students encountered various challenges, including difficulties in differentiating similar sounds for example live vs. leave, see vs. sea, incorrect use of stress and intonation, and lack of fluency caused by low confidence. These problems were influenced by first language interference, limited phonological awareness, and psychological barriers such as nervousness and fear of making mistakes. The study also found that pronunciation instruction was rarely prioritized in the classroom, as English lessons focused more on grammar and vocabulary. Although some students attempted to overcome their problems through independent practice, such as using YouTube, these efforts were not consistent. This research suggests that teachers should implement more student- centered approaches to teaching pronunciation. Regular practice, constructive feedback, and supportive learning environments are needed to help students build confidence, reduce anxiety, and improve their ability to communicate effectively in English.
Copyright (c) 2025 Juleha Santrika, Emeliya Sukma Dara Damanik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Representation of Toxic Masculinity in Itisha Nagar’s Speech: A Critical Discourse Analysis
This study examines how toxic masculinity is constructed & contested in Itisha Nagar’s TEDx Talk, “From ‘Man’ to ‘(Hu)man)”. Employing Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework, the research analyzes the transcript across three levels: macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure. At the macrostructural level, the talk frames toxic masculinity as a systemic cultural problem rather than an individual flaw. The superstructure reveals how the speech is organized to contrast traditional and progressive views of masculinity. The microstructure highlights the ideological weight of linguistic choices such as pronouns, verbs, and evaluative adjectives. The dataset consists of a transcript of 2,102 words from a 13:34-minute talk available on the official TED YouTube channel. The findings demonstrate that Nagar frequently employs exclusion pronouns (e.g., they, them, their) to expose societal groups that reinforce toxic masculine norms, while simultaneously reframing masculinity through inclusive perspectives. Overall, the study shows how public discourse operates as a site of ideological negotiation, deconstructing patriarchal values and promoting models of masculinity grounded in empathy, equality, and shared humanity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mutiara Ulil Zanna, Suprayogi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Language Style Used by YouTuber Bailey Sarian in Chris Watts – 2000 Page Discovery Murder, Mystery & Makeup
This research analyzed the language style used by YouTuber Bailey Sarian in the video “Chris Watts – 2000 Page Discovery Murder, Mystery & Makeup” using Martin Joos's (1967) language style theory, which classified language styles into five types: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. The purpose of this research is to determine what language style Bailey used in that video and which language style is dominant. Using descriptive qualitative methods, the document data collection technique, Miles and Huberman’s model analysis technique, and analytical template, the researcher identified and analyzed the video transcript, resulting in a total of 253 data, consisting of 5 formal styles, 113 consultative styles, 133 casual styles, and 2 intimate styles. The results show that Bailey Sarian uses informal and flexible language, making the storytelling more engaging, easy to understand, and emotionally resonant, while still maintaining its informative purpose. No frozen language styles were found in the analyzed data. It can be seen that the dominant language style used was casual. This research concluded that the appropriate language style served an important role in the effectiveness of storytelling content on social media such as YouTube.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Wulandari Nurul Azmi, Shalehoddin, Adam, Juwita Boneka Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Substitution Errors in Jokowi’s English: A Phonological Analysis
This study examines substitution errors in the English pronunciation of President Joko Widodo, focusing on a speech delivered at the “ASEAN–Australia Special Summit 2018.” The research aims to describe the systematic substitution patterns that occur in his pronunciation and to explain how these are influenced by his first languages (L1), Javanese and Indonesian. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the data were collected through repeated video observation, phonetic transcription using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), and comparison with standard British English pronunciations from the Cambridge Dictionary. The analysis is framed within Roach’s (1991) segmental phonology, which classifies vowel and consonant changes by articulatory features, and Brown’s (2008) theory of language transfer, which explains how L1 sound systems influence L2 production. The results show 28 recurring substitutions, such as /v/ → /f/ or /p/, /θ/ → /t/, diphthong simplification to monophthongs, vowel shifts to fit the Indonesian/Javanese five-vowel system, and hyper-articulation of weak syllables. These findings confirm that the deviations are not incidental but stem from systematic L1 interference, aligning with prior research on Indonesian EFL learners’ pronunciation challenges. This study contributes to understanding how high-profile non-native English speakers adapt segmental features in formal, international contexts, and the findings have pedagogical implications for pronunciation training, particularly in preparing speakers for contexts where intelligibility and accuracy are critical. Keywords: pronunciation errors, substitution patterns, Javanese, Indonesian, language transfer.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pretty Sayang Chalista Dewi, Ni Nyoman Deni Ariyaningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Meaning of Ma'parapa' Speech in Wedding Ceremonies and its Implications on Ethnopedagogic Values at Elementary School
This study aims to examine the meaning contained in the ma' parapa' utterance in the traditional wedding ceremony of the North Toraja community, as well as its application to ethnopedagogical values in the context of learning at SDN 3 Rantepao. The ma'parapa' utterance is part of an oral tradition that is full of cultural, moral, social, and educational values that have the potential to be an open source in ethnopedagogy-based character education. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a semiotic approach. Data were obtained through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders (To minaa), teachers, and the community, as well as documentation of the ma' parapa' text. The results of the study indicate that the ma' parapa' utterance contains ethical and educational messages such as values of respect for parents, honesty, responsibility, togetherness, and religious values, all of which are relevant to the development of character education in schools. The implications of the research results indicate that these values can be integrated into thematic learning and local content in elementary schools in order to instill local cultural values from an early age. This study recommends the development of local culture-based teaching materials, teacher training, and cultural preservation programs involving the school community.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rosminati Rampo, Bethin Simega, Rita Tanduk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Classpoint in Learning English: A Case Study of Students at State Islamic Senior High School Medan
The utilization of Information and Communication technology (ICT) in educational activities substantially enhances the quality of education, particularly in the context of the current industrial revolution 4.0. Classpoint is a learning platform that helps with IT- based learning. This study seeks to evaluate the application of Classpoint in English instruction for grade XI students at State islamic high school in Medan. This Study employs a qualitative methodology utilizing a case study design. Data were gathered via observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis methodologies encompass data reduction, data presentation, and data conclusion formulation. To guarantee the data’s validity, triangulation of data, methodologies, and source was employed. This study’s findings indicate that classpoint is highly effective in facilitating English learning for eleventh- grade students at State islamic high school in Medan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nikmah Fadillah Nasution, Rahmah Fithriani, Ahmad Amin dalimunthe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Figurative Expressions of Romantic Infatuation In Sabrina Carpenter’s Songs
This study investigates the use of figurative language expressing romantic infatuation in selected songs by Sabrina Carpenter. It employs a descriptive qualitative method and applies Knickerbocker and Reninger’s (1974) theoretical framework to examine six types of figurative language: simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, irony, and symbol. The study aims to analyze how these figurative elements function semantically to convey emotional depth and thematic meaning, particularly in relation to romantic infatuation. The data were obtained from purposively selected song lyrics based on their emotional relevance. The findings reveal 25 figurative expressions in total, with metaphor being the most frequently used, followed by hyperbole, simile, symbol, personification, and irony. Functionally, these expressions are primarily used to depict emotional pain, intensify feelings, express longing, and evoke personal memories. These results indicate that Sabrina Carpenter’s lyrics utilize figurative language as a meaningful semantic tool to express complex emotional experiences, especially those connected to romantic feelings and vulnerability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kadek Trisna Ariesta Saraswati, I Made Perdana Skolastika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The The Implementation of the Daily English Conversation (DEC) Program at Walisongo Islamic Boarding School
This study aims to investigate the implementation of the Daily English Conversation (DEC) program and its role in improving students' speaking skills at the Walisongo Islamic boarding school. This study employed a qualitative approach, using a case study method. Data were collected through interviews and observations. This research involves 40 students from Class 4 of the Language Improvement Section (LIS), who actively participated in a daily English conversation program. The interview participants included several fourth-grade students of the LIS, serving as a purposively selected sample. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the program was implemented systematically through various activities, including vocabulary building, daily conversations, public speaking exercises, and activities such as Language for Fun and Morning Tea. The institutional structure involving student leaders supported the program. The habit of using English in daily life can improve vocabulary, fluency in speaking, and self-confidence. It can be concluded that this program is highly effective in improving students' speaking skills and can be applied in other boarding school educational institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fadila Nurmala Tsania, Dhinuk Puspita Kirana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of SAVI Approach Through Video YouTube in Teaching Speaking at Senior High School
The use of technology in this era is useful, especially in teaching speaking. This study aims to describe the implementation of the SAVI (Somatic, Auditory, Visual, Intellectual) approach through YouTube videos in teaching speaking. It’s also revealing students' perceptions of the implementation of the SAVI approach in teaching speaking. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. The data were gathered through classroom observations, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with teachers and students. It involved 30 students of the eleventh grade of SMAN 1 Slahung and one teacher. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results showed that the implementation of SAVI through YouTube videos gradually blended movement, hearing, implementation, and reasoning so that learning was more interactive and student-centered and facilitated comprehension before speaking practice. Students rated this approach as helpful and enjoyable. Dealing with the students’ perceptions, they said they are more motivated, actively participating, enriching vocabulary, improving pronunciation, and more confident. The auditory and visual aspects were considered the most helpful, while the somatic supported engagement and intellectually strengthened the analysis. SAVI's approach through YouTube videos helps speaking skills and can be a reference for teachers in designing more interactive and contextual learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Intan Auria Pratiwi, Desi Puspitasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis of Sekufu Phenomenon in Family Resilience in Sangtandung Village, Luwu Regency
This study examines the phenomenon of sekufu (equality/conformity) in the context of family resilience in Sangtandung Village, Luwu Regency, through a discourse analysis approach. Sekufu is a crucial concept in marriage, encompassing equality in religious, educational, economic, and socio-cultural aspects. The research question examines how the discourse of sekufu is understood and practiced by the people of Sangtandung Village and its impact on family resilience amidst contemporary social dynamics. The research method employed a qualitative approach with critical discourse analysis techniques to uncover the meanings, practices, and ideologies underlying the community's understanding of sekufu. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation with married couples, religious leaders, and community leaders in Sangtandung Village The research results show that community understanding of sekufu varies, ranging from traditional interpretations emphasizing equality of social and economic status to more flexible modern understandings. The practice of sekufu in partner selection is strongly influenced by local cultural values, religious teachings, and the community's socioeconomic conditions. It was found that the proper application of sekufu principles contributes positively to family resilience, reflected in harmonious husband-wife relationships, minimal family conflict, and household economic stability. This study recommends the importance of comprehensive premarital education on the concept of sekufu that balances traditional values with modern needs, as well as the role of religious and community leaders in providing a wise understanding to the younger generation regarding the importance of equality in building family resilience.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nada Kamal, Andi sukmawati assaad, Anita Marwing https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of the Inquiry Method on Critical Thinking Skills in Learning to Write Explanatory Texts for Grade XI Students at Senior High School
This study aims to describe students' ability to write explanatory texts before using the inquiry method, describe students' ability to write explanatory texts after using the inquiry method, and test the effect of applying the inquiry method on the ability to write explanatory texts of eleventh-grade students at SMAN 19 Gowa. This research uses a quantitative research method. Data collection techniques were carried out using essay tests, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (SPSS 29.0.10). The results of this study show an improvement in students' critical and creative thinking skills in writing explanatory texts after using the inquiry-based learning method. The analysis of the pretest and posttest results shows that before the inquiry method was applied, the majority of students were in the fair and very good categories, with some students in the poor and good categories. After implementation, the majority of students moved to the good and very good categories, showing a significant improvement in their abilities. This improvement is evident in the distribution of student scores, where the average score increased from 58.23 in the pretest to 77.30 in the posttest. Statistical tests using the Paired Sample T-Test showed a t-value of 7.018 with a significance level (p-value < 0.001). Since the p-value is less than 0.05, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. This indicates a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, supporting the hypothesis that the inquiry method has a meaningful impact on students' critical and creative thinking abilities. Thus, this research proves that the application of the inquiry method is effective in improving students' abilities in writing explanatory texts, both in terms of quality and variation in critical and creative thinking skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Aisyah, Andi Sahtiani Jahrir, Sultan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategies Employed by The Main Character (Jodi) in Responding Impoliteness of Others in “Tall Girl” Movie (2019): A Socio-Pragmatic Studies
This research investigated how impoliteness strategies and responses were portrayed through Jodi, the main character in the movie Tall Girl (2019). Impoliteness is a part of sociopragmatics because it relates to the social context. Socio-pragmatics can be interpreted as the study of the meaning of speech related to social aspects that cover culture and society, language, social situations, and social classes. This descriptive qualitative analysis identified 24 utterances of impoliteness received by Jodi, which were divided into 6 utterances of bald on record, 6 utterances of positive impoliteness, 6 utterances of negative impoliteness, 5 utterances of sarcasm or mock politeness, and 1 withheld politeness utterance. These utterances most frequently targeted her physical height. In response to impoliteness’s utterances, Jodi employed a range of strategies: at first silence and avoidance, later humour and topic-shifting, and ultimately direct confrontation. This progression illustrated her psychological growth and shifting social power toward confidence and self-acceptance. The whole story in the movie related to the real life of students’ interactions in the school environment. The analysis also highlights the educational value of the movie. The research identified eleven moral values, including bravery, humility, sincerity, trustworthiness, and kindness. These values, demonstrated not only by Jodi but also by her friends and family, reinforce the importance of mutual respect, resilience, and self-acceptance. Overall, the findings suggested that the movie Tall Girl (2019) presents impoliteness both as a realistic reflection of impolite things in social interaction. At the same time, it offered valuable moral lessons that can be learned by the teachers and students in socio-pragmatics fields.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yahya Krisetya, Widhiyanto, Suwandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilizing Children's Literature-Based Ecoprenuership as Learning Content for Financial Literacy in Primary Schools
This research aims to examine the content of financial literacy in language and literature learning and to provide a conceptual and contextual description of the use of children's literature-based ecopreneurship as an effort to improve financial literacy skills from an early age. The implementation of this research involved one elementary school (SD) Negeri 44 Kota Ternate that has implemented several incidental programmes related to the concept of ecoprenuership and financial literacy. The curriculum used is the 2013 curriculum. The method used in this research is through interviews with teachers, students, classroom observations and analysis of language and literature learning content through thematic textbooks. The results of the analysis explained that the content of financial literacy in the concept of ecopreunership contained in thematic textbooks for elementary schools (SD) grade II and V is an effort of educators and the government to provide entrepreneurship-based financial education and the environment to students covering the domains of linguistics, psychology and pedagogics (education science) integrated in the ultimate goal of language learning, namely students have qualified language skills. The information, knowledge and insights on finance and entrepreneurship provided in reading textbooks have a positive impact on attitudes of responsibility, frugal living, innovation, and more accurate, precise and regular planning for the future in organising financial planning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Susan R Bahara, Naniek Jusnita, Sri Ayu, Naniek Jusnita, Manda, Mughira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pre-service Teachers’ Perspective on the Use of Short Video Stories in Primary Education
This study examines a single pre-service teacher's perspective on using short story videos to teach English to primary school students, utilizing the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model and a constructivist approach. Rather than relying on classroom observations, it emphasizes the teacher’s self-reported experiences and reflections to explore the integration of content knowledge, pedagogical strategies, and technological tools. Data were gathered through a semi-structured interview conducted during the participant’s teaching practicum in a fifth-grade classroom. The participant, a 24 years old undergraduate student in her final year, actively engaged in classroom instruction during her practicum and had completed relevant coursework in English language teaching. Findings indicate that short story videos were viewed as engaging and pedagogically valuable, although the integration across TPACK domains was inconsistent. While the participant maintained a positive attitude towards using video media, she encountered challenges related to technological confidence and the alignment of media with content. This study underscores that TPACK-based reflective interviews can yield valuable insights into the development of preservice teachers, even in the absence of direct classroom observation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ravenska Tiara Jessica, Putri Ananda, Nadia Wulandari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving English Listening Skills for Vocational Students Through Interactive ICT Tools
Vocational students often face difficulties in developing English listening skills, particularly with authentic speech that includes varied accents, fast delivery, and technical terms. This Classroom Action Research conducted at SMK N 2 Depok explored the use of interactive ICT tools—YouTube and ESLVideo.com—to enhance listening comprehension among 36 eleventh-grade Computer and Network Engineering students. The intervention applied a Genre-Based Approach in two cycles, using authentic YouTube videos for exposure to real-world discourse and ESLVideo.com quizzes for interactive practice with immediate feedback. Data from tests, observations, and interviews showed substantial progress: students’ mean listening scores increased from 71.25 to 90.83, accompanied by higher engagement and confidence. Qualitative findings revealed that visual and verbal integration reduced comprehension difficulty and motivated students to participate more actively. Despite challenges such as technical issues and classroom management, reflective adjustments helped maintain consistent improvement. The study concludes that integrating interactive ICT tools can effectively enhance vocational students’ listening competence and foster independent learning aligned with professional communication needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Husaein Jaya Negara, Jamilah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Interactive Learning Methods to Increase Students' Motivation in Learning English: Students' Point of View
Interactive learning methods are one of the alternative learning models that help students express their curiosity and understand the knowledge or concepts they are studying. Emphasis on interactive learning methods is very important to increase student engagement and motivation, especially in learning English in junior high schools. Learning motivation is an important factor that influences students' success in mastering a foreign language. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of interactive learning methods in increasing students' motivation and interest in learning English. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with the research subjects being class VIIA. Data collection techniques include observation and interviews to explore students' perceptions regarding their experiences during English learning with interactive methods, such as group discussions, educational games, presentations, and technology-based learning media. The results showed that most students responded positively to the use of interactive methods, because it made the learning process more enjoyable, easier to understand, increased self-confidence, trained public speaking, and encouraged active involvement in class. However, some students also conveyed shortcomings, such as the existence of technology so that they rely on the internet to find answers and the interest in book literacy and students decreased. These findings indicate that interactive learning methods can be an effective strategy to increase motivation to learn English, provided that careful planning and adjustments are needed to meet students' needs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Radiana Andi Syahrir, Puspa Sari, Husnani Aliyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Discourse Analysis on Inter-Religious Marriages in a Luridical Sociological Review in Buntu Batu Village, Bastem District, Luwu Regency
This study employs Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine inter-religious marriages in Buntu Batu Village, Bastem District, Luwu Regency, through a juridical-sociological lens. Inter-religious marriages represent a complex intersection of legal frameworks, religious doctrines, and social practices that often generate tensions between individual rights and communal norms. This research investigates how discourse surrounding these marriages reflects and perpetuates power relations, ideological positions, and social hierarchies within the community. The juridical analysis explores the legal ambiguities and contradictions in Indonesian marriage law, particularly examining how Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and subsequent regulations create obstacles for inter-religious couples. The study analyzes legal discourse that either facilitates or constrains inter-religious unions, revealing how juridical language constructs and maintains religious boundaries. The sociological dimension investigates community attitudes, family negotiations, and the lived experiences of couples navigating religious differences in Buntu Batu Village's multicultural context. Through CDA methodology, this research deconstructs the dominant discourses surrounding inter-religious marriages, examining how language choices, narrative structures, and rhetorical strategies in legal texts, religious pronouncements, and community conversations either legitimize or delegitimize these unions. The analysis reveals how power operates through discourse to define acceptable marriage practices and construct religious identity boundaries. Findings indicate that inter-religious marriages in Buntu Batu Village are shaped by competing discourses: legal formalism that emphasizes religious uniformity, religious orthodoxy that prohibits interfaith unions, and pluralistic perspectives that advocate for individual choice and tolerance. The study demonstrates how couples employ various discursive strategies—including conversion, administrative circumvention, and appeal to human rights frameworks—to navigate institutional barriers. This research contributes to understanding how discourse shapes social reality in religiously plural societies, revealing the mechanisms through which legal and social systems either accommodate or resist religious diversity in intimate relationships. The findings have implications for policy development, interfaith dialogue, and promoting inclusive approaches to marriage regulation in multicultural contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ernik, Andi sukmawati Assaad, Anita Marwing https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Narrating Student’s English Learning Experiences Through English Series and Movies
English movies and series are used effectively by teachers and students to stimulate and develop their English proficiency. The significance of using movies and series in language teaching and learning has been discussed by academic experts, yet still there is a gap in research regarding students' specific experiences and the improvement of their English abilities through the use of English movies and series. This study aimed to analyze students’ English learning experiences through English series and movies and to analyze the improvement of students’ English ability through English series and movies. This type of research is qualitative research with a narrative inquiry approach. It uses Narrative Inquiry Design to collect data such as in-depth interviews. The respondent of this study was a high-performance student who was an awardee of International Credit Transfer (ICT) for one semester in Malaysia. This research was conducted in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia, from May 2022 until July 2023. The result showed that the respondent's experience with English series and movies highlights the benefits of self-directed learning in improving language skills. By regularly watching content in English, she improved her listening and speaking abilities, exposed herself to different accents and expressions, and used subtitles to improve vocabulary and writing. This consistent engagement with authentic materials significantly contributed to her language development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Enggar Bagas Dewantara, Arilia Triyoga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effective Learning Strategies: The Role of Teachers in Enhancing Junior High School Students' Narrative Writing Skills through Differentiated Instruction
The ability to write narrative texts is a fundamental skill in English language education, especially at the Junior High School (JHS) level. However, many students face challenges in organizing ideas and writing narratives that are both structured and engaging. Differentiated Instruction (DI) offers a solution by tailoring teaching to meet the individual needs of students. This study aims to explore the implementation of DI in teaching narrative writing at JHS, particularly in English language classes. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, focusing on two experienced English teachers and their students. The results indicated that DI significantly improved students' writing skills, particularly in organizing ideas, structuring texts, and enhancing creativity in character development and plot construction. Students in classes using DI showed increased motivation, confidence, and better use of language. Despite challenges such as diverse student abilities and limited resources, DI was found to positively impact students' writing outcomes. The study concludes that DI is an effective method for improving narrative writing skills in English classes at JHS, offering a flexible and student-centered approach to teaching.
Copyright (c) 2025 Husnul Khotimah, Ninuk Lustyantie, Fathiaty Murtadho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Artificial Intelligence -Based Language Learning: Cake Application in Developing Speaking Skill
This study evaluates the effectiveness of CAKE application in improving the speaking skills of grade II students of SMA Negeri 6 Palopo. CAKE is an artificial intelligence (AI)-based English learning application with a speech recognition feature that provides immediate feedback on the user's pronunciation. The study used a pseudo quantitative experimental method with data collection techniques in the form of pre-test and post-test. The research sample was selected by simple randomization from the student population. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental class using the CAKE app and the control class using conventional methods based on the results of the independent T-test. However, the app still had a positive impact in improving students' speaking skills. Significant improvements were seen in the “Excellent” and “Moderate” categories in the experimental group compared to the control group. The motivational factor of the students also had an effect on the results of this improvement.
Copyright (c) 2025 israeni iskandar, Nasriandi, Syahrir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Zep Quiz in Action: Empowering Students’ Vocabulary through Gamified Learning
Gamification nowadays has emerged as powerful catalyst for transforming conventional learning into more dynamic and student-centered experience in learning vocabulary. This present study investigated the effectiveness of digital intervention using Zep Quiz, a gamified-learning platform, to empower eighth grade students’ vocabulary mastery in Indonesian EFL settings. There were 29 students at SMP Negeri Satu Atap Gondoruso 01 incorporated as the subjects. This study was a quasi-experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest design. In addition, three-meeting intervention was employed using Zep Quiz to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. The findings showed a statistically significant improvement in students’ vocabulary academic performance. The mean score increased substantially from 68.10 in pretest to 73.97 in posttest, the paired-sample t-test -7.90, p-value <0.0001, and Cohen’s d size 1.20 indicating that there was positive impact of digital intervention using Zep Quiz to promote students’ vocabulary acquisition. In addition, digital-game intervention using Zep Quiz with its interactive and gamified elements, likely creates more engaging activities, and empowers vocabulary learning. To sum up, gamified learning using Zep Quiz in language learning can be viable and effective approach to overcoming students’ challenge with limited vocabulary acquisition in Indonesian EFL settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizal Wahid Permana Putra, Imam Wahyudi Karimullah, Mutmainnah Mustofa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Assessing the Authenticity and Validity of Tests in CLT-Based English Classrooms in West Java's Formal Education
This study investigates the effectiveness of classroom tests in formal West Java, Indonesia, secondary learning centers that claim to offer Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). Because CLT places significance on fostering communicative competence that contains grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic dimensions, there are concerns that the testing protocols employed may not adequately reflect the communicative goals. The data were collected from four English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instructors through the use of a qualitative multiple case study design by way of document analysis and semi-structured web survey. It was found that, while respondents demonstrated satisfactory theoretical knowledge of communicative testing and the use of performance tasks such as interviews, role-plays, and spoken tasks incorporated into videos, full compliance with the tenets of CLT is restricted. Principal impediments to successful implementation are restricted professional development opportunities, large classes, restricted instructional hours, and institutional policies favoring grammar-based tests. It is the finding of this research that, despite professed adherence to CLT, test validity is inconsistent. It is its recommendation that teacher assessment literacy must be upgraded, wide-ranging training needs to be implemented, and institutional policies need to be redesigned to bring communicative test practices into closer correspondence to CLT ideals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fella Rosy, Nida Husna, Ummi Kulstum, Muhammad Farkhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Slang Words Used by the Male and Female Main Characters in “Anyone but You” Movie
Slang is an informal form of language commonly used in casual conversation to express identity, emotions, and social connections. It is especially prevalent in spoken English among younger generations and is frequently featured in films, music, and social media. This study analyzes the types and functions of slang used by the male and female main characters in the film Anyone but You (2023), applying Allan and Burridge’s (2006) classification. Data were collected through script analysis of approximately 120 minutes of dialogue and examined using a descriptive qualitative approach. Out of the 25 slang expressions identified, four types of slang were found: flippant, clipping, fresh and creative, and imitative. Flippant slang was the most common. Although both characters used expletive and taboo words, the male character, Ben, used slang more frequently and focused on masculine identity and peer-group language. In contrast, the female character, Bea, employed slang that was more emotionally expressive and context-dependent. Overall, the use of slang enriches the dialogue by making it more natural, relatable, and reflective of the characters’ social identities and emotions. These findings also highlight gender differences in slang usage and contribute to sociolinguistic studies on film discourse.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Ketut Mas Ayu Mayuni, Putu Nur Ayomi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Tiktok Application in Learning Speaking for EFL Student in High School
This study uses a mixed-methods approach to investigate how TikTok affects EFL learners' improvement of speaking abilities. Ten chosen students participated in semi-structured interviews and completed a questionnaire (N = 202) to gather data. TikTok usage and speaking performance were found to be significantly positively correlated in the quantitative study; regression results showed that 34.5% of the students' speaking success was attributable to TikTok. Qualitative results supported this, demonstrating that students saw TikTok as a fun and laid-back platform that boosted their vocabulary, confidence, and pronunciation. Despite certain difficulties, such as distractions, students used self-regulated learning techniques to stay focused. The findings indicate that TikTok can be a useful additional tool for improving EFL speaking abilities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Haykal Habibillah, Martriwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Graduate Students Critical Thinking on Their Analytical Paper
The research aimed to find out the ability of the graduate student in writing analytical papers and to find out critical thinking which expressed graduate student on their analytical paper. The ability of graduate student has in writing analytical papers refer to Whitakers’ pattern (2009). The critical thinking is express by graduate students on their analytical paper refers to Factions’ The Holistic Critical Thinking Scoring Rubric. This research used a Descriptive Quantitative Method. The sample of this research was graduate students’ thesis from the Graduate Program of English Language Education at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar at second semester of 2022 – 2023 academic years. The total was 14 master's theses. The total sample was fourteen graduate students’ papers. The procedure of this research was collected by analyzing the graduate students’ papers by using a rubric. The results of research found that 1) the ability graduate student have in writing analytical papers was good which the students wrote hook, bridge and thesis in introduction. Topic sentences are clear and some connection to the thesis, the supporting consistently develops the main idea, and transitions show connection between ideas. There are restate thesis and summarized in conclusion. 2) The critical thinking is express by graduate student in their analytical which identified based on the Facione’ The Holistic Critical Thinking Scoring Rubric which focuses on six cognitive abilities (interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation and self-regulation).
Copyright (c) 2025 Sudirman N, Ratna Dewi, Syamsiarna Nappu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Expressive Functions From Movie The Boy and The Heron
This study explores the expressive function of language in Hayao Miyazaki’s 2023 animated film The Boy and the Heron through a sociolinguistic lens. Drawing on Leech’s (1981) classification of language functions and Halliday’s (1994) contextual framework, the research analyses how characters express emotions such as happiness, anger, sadness, and regret. A qualitative method was used to examine five selected dialogues from the film, which generated 35 data points encompassing various emotional and social dynamics. The relationship between the selected dialogues and the total data points lies in the fact that each dialogue contained multiple expressive utterances, resulting in a richer set of data for analysis. The findings reveal that happy expressions were the most frequent (28.57%), followed by sadness and regret (25.71% each), and anger (20%). Expressive utterances were found to be linguistically nuanced and closely linked to the characters’ psychological states and relational contexts. The study underscores the importance of expressive language in shaping character development and emotional depth, enhancing audience empathy and engagement. Overall, it contributes to a broader understanding of how expressive functions operate in cinematic discourse, particularly within the cultural and narrative framework of Miyazaki’s storytelling.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Made Putri Lestari, I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigating Students’ Perceptions of ChatGPT's Role in Supporting Writing Skills
This study investigated second-semester students of the English Education Department at Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi perception of the role of ChatGPT in improving their English writing skills. A descriptive qualitative design was employed, with data collected over 2 days in July 2025 through semi-structured interviews. From a preliminary survey of 25 students, 8 were selected based on their active use of ChatGPT on smartphones for writing activities. Data were analysed using a phenomenological approach to capture students lived experiences and perceptions. The findings revealed that students generally held positive views of ChatGPT, particularly in generating ideas, enriching vocabulary, improving grammar awareness, constructing sentences, and building confidence. ChatGPT was also valued for its accessibility and efficiency, often functioning as a virtual tutor that fostered self-directed learning boosted writing confidence. Despite these advantages, several challenges were identified, such as overreliance on the application, restricted access to premium features, and minor inconsistencies in generated outputs. The study concludes that ChatGPT offers meaningful support for developing writing competence among EFL learners, provided that its use is guided critically and integrated with traditional pedagogical strategies to maintain learners’ creativity, accuracy, and analytical reasoning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mardiansyah, Rulik Setiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Virtual Reality and Digital Game-Based Learning in Education: Accelerating English Language Communication
This study was initiated in response to the challenges faced by students who are not accustomed to practicing English speaking due to a lack of self-confidence and heightened anxiety when communicating with others or with native speakers. To address these issues, the study explores the potential of Virtual Reality (VR) technology to foster the development of students’ English communication skills within an autonomous, interactive, and engaging environment. Such an environment is expected to increase students’ learning motivation while simultaneously improving the overall quality of instruction. The primary aim of this research is to contribute to the body of knowledge by developing a prototype of a digital platform termed Metaversity, defined as a virtual learning environment that integrates the immersive features of the Metaverse ecosystem with the pedagogical foundations of Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL). The participants of the study consisted of 30 undergraduate students from Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) approach, the study adopted the ADDIE model, which includes five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The resulting learning media integrates VR, DGBL, and communication platforms such as VRChat and Discord into a cohesive system. Validation by media experts yielded an average score of 4.35 out of 5, which falls into the “highly feasible” category. Meanwhile, students’ responses reached an average of 82.5%, placing the product within the “good–very good” range. The findings provide compelling evidence that the developed medium is effective in enhancing students’ motivation, self-confidence, and English-speaking competence. Furthermore, the integration of VR and DGBL fosters active engagement, alleviates language anxiety, and creates an immersive and enjoyable learning experience. These outcomes highlight the potential of Metaversity-based platforms as innovative solutions in higher education language learning contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alifiah Pratiwi, Bimas Reskiawan, Ray Suryadi, Netty Huzniati Andas, Kevin Hendrawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Indonesian-English Code-Mixing in Entertainment-Based Communication on X
This research aims to investigate the patterns of Indonesian-English code-mixing in entertainment-focused communication on X. The study is grounded in Muysken’s (2000) typology of code-mixing, which classifies linguistic blending into insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization. The data were sourced from 157 posts collected from seven selected entertainment accounts on X from May 1 to June 30, 2025. Entertainment accounts were chosen because they often employ multilingual expression to attract and engage diverse audiences. Employing a qualitative research design, data were gathered using the documentation technique, which involved selecting posts containing Indonesian-English code-mixing. The analysis applied Muysken’s framework to categorize each instance into one of the three types. The results reveal that insertion was the most frequent type (78.34%), followed by congruent lexicalization (12.10%) and alternation (9.55%). These findings confirm the consistent dominance of insertion across various online and social media contexts, while also showing that the leading type can vary depending on discourse domains. The research strengthens the relevance of Muysken’s framework in digital sociolinguistics, providing insights for content creators and digital marketers in engaging multilingual audiences effectively.
Copyright (c) 2025 Listya Arum Ridhawati, Anggi Rizky Firdhani, Muhammad Nur Assyddyq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language Registers in Maritime Communication: A Study of Effective Messaging
This study identifies and analyzes the use of language registers in maritime communication on board ships. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, primary data were obtained through observation and interviews with the ship crew. Results indicate three commonly used language registers: formal (for daily interactions among crew to foster relaxed relationships), and technical (for operational and technical matters like engine maintenance and navigation). Appropriate use of these registers enhances effective messaging, improving ship safety and operational efficiency. This research contributes to developing more effective and safe maritime communication standards. Benefits include increased safety and efficiency, improved crew communication quality, and contributions to maritime standards.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sunarlia Limbong, Novianty Palayukan, Ade Chandra , Frans Tandibura, Randy Ruslan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
“Word of the Day”: Enhancing Student’s Vocabulary Through A Daily Strategy in EFL Classroom
This study examined the use of the “Word of the Day” (WotD) strategy as a means of improving vocabulary mastery among ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Samaturu. The intervention lasted seven weeks and involved 119 students from four classes, using a classroom-based field research design. Daily vocabulary activities were integrated into lessons through interactive methods such as group work, quizzes, and simple games, while data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The findings showed that the WotD strategy helped students consistently expand their vocabulary and apply new words in meaningful contexts. It also increased participation and motivation, as interactive activities encouraged learners to engage more actively in classroom communication. Some differences in student engagement were noted, with challenges including varying levels of motivation, discipline issues, and occasional school activity disruptions. Despite these constraints, the study highlights the potential of WotD as a low-cost and sustainable approach to vocabulary instruction in rural EFL classrooms, contributing both to lexical growth and to fostering learner engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aisyah Ashar, Rosyana Marlianti, Nur Wulandari, Fitri, Zakaria, RAY SURYADI https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving Students’ Argumentative Writing through Genre-Based Approach Integrated with Mentimeter in EFL Senior High School Classrooms
This study investigates the effectiveness of integrating the Genre-Based Approach (GBA) with Mentimeter to enhance Indonesian EFL senior high school students’ argumentative writing competence. The participants were 36 eleventh-grade students who took part in a one-group pretest–posttest design. Students’ essays were evaluated in five aspects content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics while their perceptions were collected through a validated five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. The paired-sample t-test result (t = 27.997, p < .001) revealed a statistically significant improvement in overall writing performance, confirming that the integration of GBA and Mentimeter produced a strong positive instructional effect. Students also reported highly favorable perceptions toward the integrated approach, emphasizing that it enhanced their clarity of ideas, engagement, collaboration, motivation, and confidence during writing activities. This research fills the gap in empirical studies exploring technology-supported genre pedagogy within Indonesian EFL contexts, where such integrations are rarely examined in depth. The findings suggest that combining structured genre instruction with interactive digital platforms can foster both cognitive and affective dimensions of writing development. Therefore, the integration of GBA and Mentimeter offers valuable pedagogical implications for English teachers aiming to apply process-oriented, student-centered, and technology-enhanced approaches to improve students’ argumentative writing performance and promote long-term language learning achievement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nidyanti Ruwaina, Achmad Yudi Wahyudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Media in TEFL: Lecturer’s Perceptions at an Islamic Institute in Jambi
This study investigates an English lecturer’s perceptions of digital media integration in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) at a rural Islamic institute in Jambi, Indonesia. Using a qualitative single-case study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with one lecturer at Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci. Thematic analysis revealed six key themes: digital media is perceived as beneficial for increasing student engagement, tools are selected strategically based on language skills, and digital integration is hindered by limited infrastructure and institutional support. Despite these barriers, the lecturer demonstrated strong professional agency by using offline alternatives, engaging in training, and adapting technology to student needs. Platforms such as YouTube, Google Classroom, and Quizizz were commonly used to support listening, grammar, and classroom management. While digital tools enhanced learner autonomy and motivation, challenges remained in curriculum flexibility and equitable access. Digital integration success in TEFL not only requires good infrastructure but also institutional support and empowering the lecturer. In brief, this study offers valuable insights for future research to examine how digital media are utilized in TEFL classes, especially in rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arya Geni Permana, Yelni Erniyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Meaning of Terms in The Bite Nggukale Wedding of The Tolaki Tribe in Konawe District
This study discusses the terms used in the traditional Bite Nggukale wedding ceremony in Konawe Regency. The purpose of this study is to describe the cultural meanings and explain the functions of the terms used in the traditional Bite Nggukale wedding ceremony. The research method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. In collecting data, the author used documentation and interviews. In the data analysis stage, the author used ethnosemantics to reveal the cultural meanings contained in the terms of the Bite Nggukale traditional wedding ceremony. Ethnolinguistics is the study of terms related to semantic meanings, such as kinship, color, flora, and fauna, to reveal cultural meanings. The results show that there are fifteen terms used in the traditional wedding ceremony of Bite Nggukale. The data includes the terms pabitara, toonomotuo, tolea, sara pombesanggarai, sara pomberahi, sara pombepende, kalosara, powokasi obiri, asolawa sawu lipa, obite tinongo nggukale, asondumbu okasa, oaso kiniku sara, and mowindahako. The cultural elements contained in these terms indicate kinship terms used in resolving traditional marriage processes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ilham, Sulistyowati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring EFL Students’ Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies through English Movies
This study explores the vocabulary acquisition strategies used by EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students through English movies. Grounded in Krashen’s Input Hypothesis and Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, the research investigates how learners engage with movie content to enhance their vocabulary. Using a qualitative method, the study involved two sixth-semester English Department students at a public university in Indonesia. Data were collected through semi-structured interview sessions and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings reveal that students employ several strategies, including using English subtitles, noticing and repeating unfamiliar words, choosing genre-specific content, applying new vocabulary in writing and speaking, and rewinding scenes for better comprehension. In total, five key strategies were identified. These approaches helped learners connect vocabulary with context, improve pronunciation, and promote long-term retention. The use of multimedia, particularly movies, created an engaging and low-anxiety environment that supported incidental learning and increased motivation. The study concludes that learner-driven strategies supported by multimedia input significantly contribute to vocabulary development and suggests that educators integrate movie-based activities in language learning environments to enhance students’ vocabulary acquisition, contextual understanding, and motivation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Annisa, Ventje Jany Kalukar, Aridah Aridah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Understanding EFL Students’ Acceptance of DeepL for English Translation: A Technology Acceptance Model Perspective
This study investigates University students' perceptions of the machine translation tool DeepL in the context of learning English as Foreign Language (EFL). The main objective was to explore the frequency of use with the tool through the TAM Theory. Using a descriptive qualitative research approach, the purpose of sampling was used to select four university EFL students, who were categorized as frequent and infrequent users of DeepL. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires. The results showed that frequent users of DeepL appreciated its effectiveness in vocabulary acquisition, translation accuracy, and academic writing support. In contrast, infrequent users expressed concerns about limitations such as the lack of a paraphrasing feature and the formality issues. These findings highlight significant differences in user experience based on frequency of use and the need for further research with larger and more diverse samples to validate these results. Recommendations for future research include incorporating feedback from users to improve functionality and meet the evolving needs of EFL learners. This research contributes to the understanding of the role of machine translation technology in language learning and offers insights for future research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Reihayyu Dwi Cahyani, Syamdianita, Aridah, Weningtyas Parama Iswari, Ichi Ahada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Systematic Literature Review on the Exploration of the Impact of English Media on Vocabulary Development in Bilingual Toddlers
This systematic literature review looks into how bilingual children vocabulary development is affected by their exposure to English media. The early years of childhood, from 1 to 6 years old, are the most pivotal time for language development, impacted by social, environmental, and biological factors. Bilinguals' vocabulary development is usually impacted by a number of aspects, such as media exposure, home literacy environments, and parental participation. Using the PRISMA 2020 framework, five studies published from Januart 2021 to March 2025 were selected from three databases; Google Scholar, ERIC, and Taylor & Francis. Results indicate that interactive and socially supported media use can successfully improve L2 vocabulary, whereas passive media exposure alone may impede language development. Furthermore, the context, quality, and adult supervision of media intake have a significant effect on language results.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agnes Monica Rahayu, Adrefiza, Failasofah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring the Defense Mechanisms of the Main Character in The Accidental Tourist After the Shooting Tragedy
In the United States, numerous mass shootings have left victims and their families traumatized. Authors have been inspired to create literary works based on this phenomenon. One of these can be found in Anne Tyler's book The Accidental Tourist, first published in 1985. The novel narrates the tale of a father who must cope with anxiety following the death of his only child, caused by a school shooting tragedy. This study aims to find the types of defense mechanisms performed by the father as attempts to protect himself against the threat of experiencing anxious feelings from things that could trigger thoughts of his trauma. This study used Freud's theory of defense mechanisms, which includes denial, displacement, rationalization, and reaction formation. The primary data obtained from the novel in the form of dialogue will be compared to the data collected through several previous studies using a qualitative approach to be categorized according to Freud's theory of defense mechanisms. The study's findings indicate that the main character employs four defense mechanisms to maintain his image as a husband that aligns with social standards and expectations. The main character employs four defenses in five dialogues in the novel. The appearance of four defense mechanisms is also influenced by the main character's roles as a husband who struggles to meet social standards as a strong and more mature person compared to his wife. Men are expected to manage their stress on their own and avoid expressing their emotions according to the social standards surrounding masculinity. This leads men to use defense mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lintang Cahyani, Sri Sumaryani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of ClassPoint in Learning English: A Case Study of Students at State Islamic Senior High School Medan
Using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in schools improves the quality of teaching, especially now that we are in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This research examines the application of ClassPoint in instructing English to eleventh-grade students at State Islamic Senior High School Medan. A qualitative case study design was utilized, encompassing 37 students across three observation cycles within a three-month duration. Data were collected via observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion-drawing methodologies. The results showed that student engagement went up a lot, from 40.54% in Cycle I to 94.59% in Cycle III. Students also said that they were more comfortable and effective at learning in each cycle. The research indicates that incorporating interactive digital tools like ClassPoint can promote active learning, increase engagement, and elevate English language proficiency in secondary education environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nikmah Fadillah Nasution , Rahmah Fithriani , Ahmad Amin Dalimunthe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Code Mixing Used By Vlogger “ Tasya Farasya” On TikTok Videos
This study investigates the phenomenon of code-mixing in the TikTok videos of beauty vlogger Tasya Farasya. It aims to identify the types and reasons for code-mixing using the framework proposed by Hoffman (1991), which includes three types: intra-sentential, intra-lexical, and involving a change of pronunciation. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze 6 utterances selected from 4 of her TikTok videos posted between December 2024 and March 2025. The findings reveal that intra-sentential code-mixing appears in 3 utterances (50%), intra-lexical code-mixing also occurs in 2 utterances (33.33%), while code-mixing involving a change of pronunciation is found in 1 utterance (16.67%). These findings indicate that intra-sentential and intra-lexical code-mixing are used with equal frequency, whereas pronunciation related code-mixing is less common. This study examines the phenomenon of code-mixing in the TikTok videos of beauty vlogger Tasya Farasya. A qualitative descriptive method was employed to provide a systematic and in-depth account of the forms of code-mixing and the contexts in which they occur in real social media interactions. The findings suggest that code-mixing in Tasya Farasya’s content represents a strategic linguistic choice a deliberate use of mixed language to achieve specific communicative purposes, such as emphasizing meaning, fostering closeness with the audience, projecting a modern image, and enhancing the overall appeal of the content. Furthermore, this study highlights how English is integrated into Indonesian social media discourse, particularly in the beauty and lifestyle domain.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adinda Pratiwi Ni Kadek Ayu, I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Social Actor Representation in Media Narratives of the Israel-Palestine Conflict Post-October 7: A Study of Al Jazeera, USA Today, and The Jakarta Post
The media plays a crucial role in shaping public understanding of international conflicts through strategic linguistic choices that can reveal underlying ideological positions. This study aims to analyze how social actors in the Palestine-Israel conflict after October 7, 2023, are represented in the English-language news coverage of Al Jazeera, USA Today, and The Jakarta Post. Using Critical Discourse Analysis with a focus on van Leeuwen's Social Actor Representation framework, the research examined fifteen news articles published between October 2023 and May 2024 to identify patterns of inclusion and exclusion strategies employed by each news outlet. Findings revealed that Al Jazeera actively portrays both Hamas and Israeli forces as primary agents while occasionally depersonalizing individuals through collectivization; USA Today tends to exclude individual Palestinian actors through indeterminate references while representing Israeli actors more often as collective entities; and The Jakarta Post explicitly names key figures from both sides, personalizing the conflict while emphasizing their opposing roles. These varying representation strategies reflect different editorial approaches that influence how responsibility, agency, and legitimacy are attributed in conflict reporting, ultimately shaping public perception and discourse around the complex geopolitical situation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pricylia Maharani Pambudi, Delita Sartika, Reli Handayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of Wordwall as an Interactive Digital Tool for Teaching Vocabulary to Enhance Writing Skills of First Year Students
This study evaluates the effectiveness of Wordwall, a gamified digital platform for vocabulary learning, in improving vocabulary mastery and procedural-writing quality among first-year vocational students in a Karawitan (traditional arts) program. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design, two intact classes received different instructional treatments across three meetings held over a two-week period, the experimental class completed Wordwall activities, whereas the control class followed conventional methods. After initial differences were controlled with ANCOVA, the experimental class showed a significantly larger vocabulary gain (partial η² = 0.25) and greater improvements in lexical variety and technical accuracy in writing than the control class. These findings indicate that integrating Wordwall boosts student engagement and successfully transfers technical vocabulary to procedural texts. Therefore, teachers can adopt vocationally themed Wordwall tasks to accelerate language learning, and policy-makers should provide training and digital infrastructure so that interactive tools like Wordwall can be implemented widely in vocational schools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rina Puspitasari Puspitasari, Wahyu Satya Gumelar, M Andriana Gaffar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exposing Two Languages to A Young Child: Parent’s Strategies on A Child’s Language Development for Speech Delay
Raising bilingual children in this modern era is essential. The use of English is very important both in academic and future careers. Every parent needs to prepare for introducing English. This study examined how parent’s strategies successfully introduce two languages into their child and the effect of raising the child into bilingualism from birth. This study employed a couple of parents, members of families, professional therapies, who actively gave exposure to bilingual children. One Parent One Languages (OPOL) approach into this language policy, regular therapy for helping the languages disorder, and visual- non visual process learning languages are the strategies. This is a case study that was an analysis used by Creswell, which consisted of five stages. This study employs observation and some interviews as data collection methods. This study aims to give recommendations for parents, similar researchers, and future generations to raise any children into bilingualism as early as possible.
Copyright (c) 2025 Almira Rizky Asmaria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Discourse Analysis of The Phenomenon of Career Women in The Context of Family Resilience Through a Socio-Juridical Perspective
This study examines the phenomenon of career women in the context of family resilience through a socio-juridical perspective. The purpose of this study is to analyses the relationship between the dual roles of career women and family stability and welfare, and to identify the accompanying legal and social implications. Using the critical discourse analysis method, this study explores various aspects that influence the dynamics of career women's lives in maintaining a balance between professional and domestic responsibilities. The results of the study indicate that the role of career women has a significant impact on family resilience, both in terms of economics, social, and psychology. Economically, career women's financial contributions strengthen the family's economic resilience. However, challenges arise in terms of time division, childcare, and fulfilment of other family functions. This study also reveals the importance of legal and policy support that facilitates the balance of career women's roles, including regulations on women's workers' rights and family protection. The conclusion of the study emphasizes the need for a holistic approach in understanding and supporting the role of career women in family resilience, by considering the intertwined social, legal, and cultural aspects. Recommendations proposed include strengthening policies that support work-family balance, improving social support systems, and developing empowerment programs that pay attention to the specific needs of career women in the context of family life.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marlina Basri, Abdul Pirol, Takdir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Future Speaks: Exploring Artificial Intelligence’s Impact on EFL Students’ Speaking Skills
This research explores the influence of the Artificial Intelligence: Fully Fluent application on Indonesian junior high school students’ English-speaking skills and explores teacher and student perceptions of its use. The study employed a mixed method using interviews and questionnaires with teachers and students to get qualitative data alongside quantitative data from a quasi-experiment pre-posttest. Teachers reported that the application developed motivation, confidence, and behavioral engagement in class, with student surveys being overwhelmingly positive with convenience, enjoyment, and increased confidence. Regarding quantitative results, statistically significant improvement is reported since the experimental group's mean scores (84.51) are greater than the control group's (71.91). In both the independent samples t-test (Sig= 0.000 < 0.05) and paired samples t-test (Sig= 0.000 < 0.05), there are statistically significant differences, which reflect the effect of Fully Fluent. These results indicate that AI-based tools like Fully Fluent can enhance oral proficiency and foster positive learning attitudes. Practically, the findings suggest that AI speaking applications be used as supportive tools to enhance EFL instruction and build learner confidence in authentic communication.
Copyright (c) 2025 Delis Meta Tiana, Dwi Puji Hastuti, Retno Rahayuningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Directive Speech Acts in the Animated Sci-Fi Film “Next Gen”: A Pragmatic Analysis
This study investigates directive speech acts in the animated science fiction film Next Gen (2018) using the theoretical framework of Searle and Vanderveken (1985). The research aims to identify, categorize, and describe the types of directive speech acts performed by the characters, with particular attention to how language shapes human–robot interaction. The data were obtained from the film transcript, transcribed from Netflix subtitles, and analyzed through a qualitative descriptive approach. A total of 56 utterances containing directive speech acts were identified and classified into eight types: command, forbid, ask, suggest, request, urge, order, and permit, with command emerging as the most dominant (26 occurrences). The findings reveal that communication in Next Gen is strongly influenced by power dynamics and authority, while also reflecting interpersonal dimensions through requests, suggestions, and permissions, especially in relation to trust, care, and cooperation. The significance of this study lies in demonstrating how human–robot interaction can be understood through language use, offering insights into both pragmatic theory and media discourse analysis. By highlighting how directive speech acts construct relationships between humans and robots, the study contributes to broader discussions of language, interaction, and representation in science fiction narratives.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Kadek Adi Wisnu Pramana Putra, I Gusti Ayu Agung Sintha Satwika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Afrikaans First Additional Language teachers’ experiences teaching online during COVID-19 at two public high schools in Gauteng, South Africa
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, schools across South Africa were forced to turn to online education. As with other subjects, Afrikaans First Additional Language (AFAL) teachers had to find ways to continue teaching their learners online under COVID-19 restrictions. For many, this was a daunting task and unfamiliar territory. This research explores how AFAL teachers from two public schools in Gauteng Province experienced online teaching during COVID-19. For this research, seven participants were selected through purposive sampling to participate in either semi-structured individual interviews or a focus group. Additional data was gathered from various documents from the two schools. Analysis of the data demonstrated that online communication created several barriers while teaching. In addition, learners' poor work ethic had a ripple effect, and work provided online had to be retaught once learners returned to school. Although teaching AFAL online is not necessarily the recommended approach, there are certain advantages to incorporating online platforms in a classroom setting. Despite various challenges, teachers continued to provide learners with work while trying to make an abnormal situation as normal as possible.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nesta Drake, Geoffrey Vaughan Lautenbach https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
English Shaming on TikTok: A Window into English Language Ideologies in Indonesia
In Indonesia, positive opinions of English are frequently linked with instances of mockery aimed at those thought to have poor English skill. This practice is known as English shaming and has gained importance in the modern era of social media. This study aims to identify English language ideologies in Indonesia through the lens of online English shaming. Using a qualitative research approach based on virtual ethnography, this study draws on the theoretical frameworks of language ideology. Analysis of 621 comments on TikTok is carried out using a three-stage inductive coding process drawn from the Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology. The findings suggest that there are four key English language ideologies in Indonesia: 1) non-standard English is unacceptable; 2) English is an index of educational level; 3) non-standard English is acceptable, and 4) non-standard use of English in international forum is national disgrace. These findings highlight the dominant role of "Standard English" as a social marker in Indonesia, the harmful effects of online English shaming on individuals and national identity, and the need for embracing linguistic diversity. The study also demonstrates the potential for resistance against dominant ideologies and the importance of fostering inclusive language policies, as well as respectful online discourse
Copyright (c) 2025 Nakita Febiola Vesya, Mohammad Umar Muslim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Language Style in Political Debate of Indonesian Presidential Candidate of 2024
This research aims to identify various types of language styles and try to find the most dominant use of language styles in the political debates of the 2024 Indonesian presidential candidates using a sociolinguistic approach. This study uses a qualitative method. To obtain data, the author used a note-taking technique, namely taking notes. Because the data was in the form of words, it was analyzed by identifying, analyzing, and categorizing the data and noting the frequency of the most dominant types of language styles. Researchers also used Martin Joos's theory of language style types; five different language styles were studied. Frozen style is one of them, as are formal style, consultation style, casual style, and intimate style. The results of the research show that the types of language styles in political debates have a frozen style of 1 data, a formal style of 3 data, a consultative style of 35 data, then a casual style of 12 data, and finally the intimate style has 0 data. Based on the analysis, the author found that there are four language styles: frozen, formal, consultative, and relaxed. Then, the consultative style is the most widely used style, with 35 data points out of a total of 51 data points.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nentriana Hutabarat, Sondang Manik, Jubilezer Sihite https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pronunciation Error Done by the Students of Islamic Education: A Case Study at University
This article’s goals were to 1) look into what students thought about problems with phonetics learning, and 2) determine what elements were driving students' errors with phonetics learning. The samples consisted of 6 undergraduate Islamic education students who were chosen for an interview on purpose. A questionnaire and a semi-interview form were examined as research tools. According to the students' opinions, certain sounds, particularly [θ], [ð], and [ʤ], produced major phonetics learning challenges at the segmental level. It was also noted that linking produced major problems with supra segmental phonetics learning. Furthermore, phonetic ability was identified as the most common reason for difficulties in learning phonetics. It might be argued that the perception of the difference in sound systems between English and Indonesian, as well as various characteristics such as phonetic aptitude, native language, and prior English knowledge, all contribute to this conclusion.
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Rafi’i https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analyzing the Disillusionment in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises and Its Implication on English Language Learning
The Sun Also Rises, written by Ernest Hemingway in 1926, is an influential literary work that depicts the post-war Lost Generation. The novel captures the profound sense of disillusionment experienced by individuals from the Lost Generation coping with the collapse of traditional values. The present study aims at analyzing the disillusionment depicted by the character of Jake Barnes in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises and its implication on English language learning. This qualitative research is conducted by using Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises as the primary data and is supported by secondary data in the form of academic papers, research papers, and books related to the topic of disillusionment in literary works. To collect data, the researchers employed the observation and note-taking technique in which the researcher read the novel several times and took notes related to the topic of disillusionment. The obtained data were analyzed using an objective approach focusing on character development, narrative structure, and symbolic elements. The findings show that Jake Barnes, the protagonist in The Sun Also Rises, experiences the disillusionment in the form of disappointment caused by the aftermath of World War I. He shows his disappointment towards himself and the other character in the novel, as shown in the dialogues and descriptions in the novel. The study suggests that The Sun Also Rises can be utilized for English language learning in which both students and teachers can benefit by the use of the novel as a learning media, learning sources and learning object.
Copyright (c) 2025 Herminus Efrando Pabur, Muhammad Ilham Ali, Sabrina W. J. Husain, Fivy A. Andries, Jennie Posumah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Engagement Markers in Indonesian Scholars’ Academic Writing to Establish Rapport with Readers
This study presents a corpus-based analysis of engagement markers in applied linguistics research articles (RAs) authored by Indonesian scholars. While previous research has explored metadiscourse broadly, this investigation focuses specifically on the strategic use of interpersonal features to build reader rapport. A specialized corpus of 20 RAs (104,110 words) from four Scopus-indexed journals (2020–2024) was compiled and analyzed using a mixed-methods approach. The analysis, conducted with the Sketch Engine tool, applied a modified version of Hyland and Jiang’s (2016) model of engagement markers. The results indicate a strong preference for knowledge-oriented engagement, with knowledge appeals being the most frequent strategy (1.59 per 1,000 words), predominantly realized through explicit markers of routine conditions. Notably, rhetorical questions were absent from the corpus. Pronominal choice revealed a distinct use of first-person plural pronouns (we, us, our) to foster solidarity and direct reader interpretation, while personal asides were employed to clarify arguments. In terms of directives, references to physical acts (e.g., “see Table 3”) were markedly more common than cognitive or textual acts. These findings suggest a stylistic convention in Indonesian academic writing that prioritizes formality and collective objectivity, potentially at the expense of more direct dialogic interaction. The study concludes by offering practical pedagogical implications for academic writing instruction, suggesting that Indonesian scholars can enhance the persuasive impact and international visibility of their work by strategically diversifying their engagement strategies to foster a more involved reader dialogue.
Copyright (c) 2025 Titah Afandi, Adi Sutrisno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Fun English Learning in Trauma Healing Programme
Fun English learning can be part of a trauma healing programme to support the emotional recovery of participants, especially children. This method combines interactive activities such as games, music and role-play designed to create a positive and comfortable learning atmosphere. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of fun English learning on participants' learning motivation and psychological recovery. This research uses a qualitative approach with observation and interviews as data collection techniques. The results show that this method not only improves participants' motivation and communication skills but also helps them reduce stress and anxiety. Thus, fun English learning plays an important role in accelerating the trauma recovery process and improving participants' social adaptation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wulandari Umar , Muh. Ilham Nur, Setiawan Wancie, Masruddin, Mursyid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Conceptual Metaphors of Politics in Indonesian Online Mass Media: A Corpus-Based Analysis
This study aims to examine the source domain of the target domain of POLITICS and the nuances of its meaning in Indonesian online mass media. It employs a qualitative research method to investigate the conceptual metaphors of POLITICS using a corpus-based approach. The data were obtained from 350 Indonesian online news articles that discuss politics over a period exceeding 13 months, starting from the election campaign period to the post-election period. The total number of tokens in the entire corpus amounted to 144,852. The corpus was analyzed using the AntConc tool (version 4.2.4) by utilizing the 5L & 5R collocate feature and KWIC. The Metaphorical Identification Procedure (MIP) was applied to analyze metaphors. The findings demonstrated the conceptual metaphors with negative connotations, namely POLITICS IS A TRANSACTION, and POLITICS IS A KINGDOM, and neutral connotations, namely POLITICS IS PHYSICAL SPACE, POLITICS IS A DRAMA SHOW, and POLITICS IS LOWLAND. However, conceptual metaphors with negative connotations were significantly more prevalent in linguistic expressions, suggesting that these metaphors more accurately reflect the political realities of Indonesia during the late 2023 to 2024 period.
Copyright (c) 2025 Imam Musyayyab, Sailal Arimi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Migrating PBT TOEFL to iBT TOEFL: Opportunities and Challenges of Test Taker
In this era of globalization English proficiency test used as an indicator and requirement for student to go study abroad or get scholarship. PBT old service of proficiency test already stop and replaced with IBT test these phenomena to be issues that student faced now. This research aimed to determine the opportunities and challenges that’s Test Taker face. In this research, the researcher used qualitative research collects, analyzes, and interprets comprehensive narrative and visual data to gain insights into a particular phenomenon of interest. This Study research literature documents, the literature provides several steps to incorporate environmental variables in the efﬁciency estimation. Limitations associated with predictive validity studies, the scope of this study on the EFL Student as Test taker point of view. The focus of this study is to identify the opportunity and the obstacle that faced by EFL Student as test taker during the migration of PBT to iBT. The research that discusses about the opportunity and challenges related migration PBT TOEFL to iBT TOEFL still limited. In this case researcher will did this study to fill the gap of previews study.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kiki Noventri Hermawanto, Ani Susanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Autonomous Learning in Supporting Communication On Board in 5.0 Era (A Study Case of Young Cadets’ ELL at PIP Makassar)
This study investigates the role of tablet-assisted autonomous learning in improving Maritime English proficiency for on-board communication among young cadets at PIP Makassar in the 5.0 Era. It aims to measure young cadets’ levels of autonomous learning, identify barriers, and explore applied strategies. A mixed-method design was employed, combining quantitative data from 141 young cadets collected using the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (Fisher & King, 2010) with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that 98 (69.5%) of young cadets demonstrated a high level of autonomy and 43 (30.5%) a moderate level, with desire for learning emerging as the strongest factor, followed by self-control and self-management. Major barriers included limited tablet specifications, unstable campus Wi-Fi, and heavy academic schedules. Nevertheless, young cadets employed strategies such as reading e-books, listening to English songs, and reviewing materials during optimal times. These strategies primarily supported receptive skills (reading and listening), consistent with Krashen’s Input Hypothesis. The findings contribute to maritime education literature by highlighting that while technology promotes learner autonomy, its effectiveness depends on institutional support through device enhancement, reliable internet access, and flexible study arrangements.
Copyright (c) 2025 Novianty Palayukan, Sunarlia Limbong, Edi Wahyono, Nurul Hatifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Politeness and Impoliteness Strategies in Requests in The Office and The IT Crowd TV Series
Politeness is one aspect in communication that helps people maintain harmony in interactions and avoid social conflicts. In performing speech act that is inherently face-threatening, such as request, politeness strategies are used to help minimizing the threat to the addressee’s face. This study explores the manifestation of politeness and impoliteness strategies in making requests portrayed in American TV Series The Office and British TV Series The IT Crowd along with the similarities and the differences between them. This study used qualitative research approach and content analysis method. By drawing on Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness strategies and Culpeper’s (1996) impoliteness strategies, findings show that the most frequently used politeness strategy in delivering requests is bald on-record in both series. Negative politeness emerges as the second most frequently used, followed by positive politeness, whereas off-record strategies are the least employed. In terms of impoliteness, the result shows that bald on-record impoliteness is the most frequently used super-strategy in both series and off-record impoliteness becomes the least employed super-strategy. Despite the similarities regarding the use of politeness and impoliteness, some notable differences were also observed. In The Office, there is greater variation of positive politeness strategies employed, whereas in The IT Crowd, the variation is more apparent in the use of negative politeness. Furthermore, other differences were also found regarding the second and third most common strategy of impoliteness. In The Office, negative impoliteness emerges as the second most commonly employed strategy, followed by positive impoliteness. Whereas in The IT Crowd, the second most used strategy is positive impoliteness, followed by negative impoliteness. These similarities and differences are related to the background culture and humor style of each series.
Copyright (c) 2025 Risma Putri Windani, Zulfa Sakhiyya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigating the Influence of Kahoot on Students’ Vocabulary Acquisition in an EFL Context
Vocabulary learning remains a central yet challenging component of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, particularly in contexts where classroom learning serves as the primary source of language exposure. Traditional teaching approaches often rely on memorization and translation, which may not effectively promote active learning or long-term retention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the Kahoot gamified learning platform on students’ vocabulary acquisition in an EFL context. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was conducted with two intact tenth-grade classes at SMK Negeri 2 Kolaka, consisting of 30 students in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The treatment was implemented over six meetings using a 25-item multiple-choice vocabulary test with high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.940). T-tests for independent and paired samples were used to analyze the data, identifying within-group improvements and between-group differences. The findings indicated that the experimental group taught through Kahoot achieved significantly higher post-test scores than the control group (p < 0.05). The results suggest that integrating Kahoot as a gamified learning platform can enhance students’ vocabulary mastery, increase engagement, and foster a more interactive learning environment in EFL classrooms. These results underscore the capability of Kahoot-based instruction to extend current understanding of digital gamification in EFL vocabulary teaching by demonstrating measurable gains in learner outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aulia Bela Marinda, Zakaria, Hariadi Syam, Ray Suryadi, Rais Abin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Linguistic Identity Transformation: An Empirical Study of Javanese Language Shift toward Indonesian
in recent years, there has been a significant decline in the use of the Javanese language, particularly among younger generations living in urban areas. This phenomenon is influenced by various factors, such as the dominance of the Indonesian language in the education system and media, the impact of social environments, and the decreasing role of families in transmitting local languages. This study aims to examine the language shift from Javanese to Indonesian and its impact on the linguistic identity of young people. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, involving ten participants aged 20–25 years residing in Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation, then analyzed thematically to identify patterns of language use and shifts in linguistic identity. The findings indicate that most participants prefer using Indonesian because it is perceived as more practical, modern, and suitable for cross-cultural communication. Javanese is still used, but it is limited to specific contexts, such as interactions with parents or traditional events. Nevertheless, participants continue to show emotional attachment to their Javanese identity. Their linguistic identity is flexible and constantly negotiated depending on the social context. This study concludes that language shift is a complex phenomenon that involves not only linguistic aspects but also reflects changing values, attitudes, and identities within society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayang Winda, Nurfithri, Rahma Sakina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Illocutionary Acts by Zelensky in Meeting Donal Trump on the Russia-Ukraine War.
Illocutionary acts are crucial elements in both formal and informal communication, particularly in political discourse where language functions as a strategic instrument. This study examines the illocutionary acts used by President Volodymyr Zelensky during his meeting with President Donald Trump on February 28, 2025, in the context of the ongoing Russia–Ukraine war. The main objective is to identify the types of speech acts employed and to interpret how they reflect Zelensky’s diplomatic intentions. This study adopts a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected from the meeting’s video and transcript through observation and note-taking techniques. The analysis applies Yule’s (1996) classification of illocutionary acts, consisting of representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative types. The findings reveal four types of illocutionary acts, representative (54 data), directive (11 data), commissive (7 data), and expressive (7 data), with representatives emerging as the most dominant. These acts were mainly used to describe Ukraine’s situation and emphasize the necessity of strong security guarantees. The results contribute to the understanding of how political leaders employ language not only to communicate but also to negotiate, persuade, and build diplomatic trust. Unlike previous research focused on campaign or victory speeches, this study provides new insights into how illocutionary acts operate in high-level diplomatic communication during international conflict.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agustinus Abat, I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring University Students’ Experiences of English Learning through Duolingo
This study explores university students’ experiences of learning English through the Duolingo application. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, the research involved 15 English education students at Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka over a six-week data collection period. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations, and then analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-phase approach, guided by a constructivist learning framework. The analysis identified students’ perceptions, perceived benefits, and challenges in using Duolingo as a language learning tool. Findings revealed that Duolingo enhanced students’ vocabulary acquisition, learning motivation, and autonomous study habits. However, participants also reported limitations such as repetitive exercises, insufficient opportunities for communicative speaking practice, and reliance on internet connectivity. Results indicate that while Duolingo can effectively supplement English learning, it is most beneficial when integrated with classroom-based instruction and teacher guidance. Overall, the study underscores the importance of combining digital learning applications with formal educational contexts to maximize language development and learner engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Andira, Hariadi Syam, Alifiah Pratiwi, Ray Suryadi, Rais Abin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Gender Differences in Motivation and Interest Towards English Language Learning: A Case Study of Islamic Secondary Schools Students in Sidoarjo
This research studies the differences of males’ and females’ motivation and interest in learning English on 109 first-year students of one Islamic secondary school in Sidoarjo, East Java. It concentrates on four core points, there are intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, individual and situational interest. By utilizing a descriptive quantitative approach with a descriptive statistical analysis, the findings reveal that the level of motivation of both groups of students is moderate to high average scores 3.4-4.2 on 5-point Likert scale. Females slightly outperformed males in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, while males scored higher in personal and situational interest. This is consistent with Goal Orientation Theory, which clarifies that student learning motivation differs based on their learning goals (mastery vs. performance), as well as Expectancy-Value Theory, which states that engagement is shaped by the perceived value of English learning and expectations of success. The study recommends learning strategies that balance affective and instrumental aspects, as well as further studies using inferential analysis and longitudinal designs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Lailatul Mufidah, Fahmy Imaniar, Andriani Rachmania https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Support for Oral Performance: The Effect of Fondi Application on Speaking Confidence
This study investigates the effectiveness of the Fondi app in boosting Indonesian EFL students’ speaking self-confidence. A quasi-experimental design was conducted with 60 eleventh-grade students from SMAN 1 Bombana, divided equally into experimental and control groups. The intervention lasted four sessions (90 minutes each) over four weeks. Data was compiled using a 30-item self-confidence questionnaire and a speaking performance test. When compared to the control group, statistical analysis showed that the experimental group had significantly improved (p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.98, 95% CI [10.3, 14.8]). The experimental group achieved a 0.85–0.89 gain across five indicators of speaking confidence, while the control group showed only minimal progress (0.18–0.26). These findings support Bandura’s self-efficacy theory, demonstrating that digital tools like Fondi can provide mastery experiences and supportive environments to strengthen learners’ affective readiness. The study concludes that Fondi is an effective digital support for oral performance, though further research with delayed post-tests and larger samples is recommended.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tika, Kadaruddin, Karimuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Pronunciation of English Speech Sounds in Speaking Classes Among the Eleventh Graders of Senior High School Randudongkal Pemalang
This study aims to describe the students' pronunciation in English speech sounds among eleventh grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Randudongkal. The purpose of this study explores more deeply how challenges are encountered by students to speak English, specifically concerning pronunciation. Pronunciation is one of the most challenging skills for students to master, primarily because many lack enough interest or motivation to acquire English. The lack of interest not only blocks language progress, but also affects students' confidence and readiness to use English. The approach to this research follows a descriptive qualitative approach to provide finding related to translation outputs. Within this approach, a focus lies between a personal interpretation of reality to portray phenomena, according to a given theoretical approach guiding the researcher's point of view. In involving data collection through a test and record. The current study uses several methods, including observing classroom atmosphere and evaluating student engagement within English classes. A very strong focus lies in enhancing students' speaking skills, with a focus point concerning English pronunciation in order to evaluate said points, this research seeks to get a clearer understanding concerning students' pronunciation skills, to identify areas where speaking skills can be enhanced. The findings from this research are expected to uncover certain difficulties being encountered by students with English pronunciation, in order to enable them better to understand spoken English. Through simulating students' pronunciation analysis and examining the made sound, this research aims at identifying particular words sound causing difficulties in comprehending spoken English. The study also intends to assist students in enhancing English pronunciation by practicing accurate and clear reading from texts
Copyright (c) 2025 Anis Ardiana Mumtaza, Januarius Mujianto, Hendi Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Brainstorming with Mentimeter: Enlightening Students’ Paragraph Writing
Mentimeter is a digital brainstorming device to enlarge students’ skill in writing opinion paragraph. This research aims to explore the implementation of this device in students’ brainstorming sessions particularly in creating and establishing ideas through pre-writing stage. Therefore, this research also portrays the students’ engagement improvement that caused on their clarity and structure of the writing. Devoting a qualitative research design, data were gathered across observation and documentation from third-semester students of the English Education study program at Uin Raden Intan Lampung. The results expose that Mentimeter meaningfully improved students’ motivation and engagement during brainstorming sessions. Its collaborative and visual features stimulated students to promote ideas more easily and comprehensiveness, which in turn helped them form more focused and comprehensible paragraphs. Students’ writings established clearer topic sentences, well-developed supporting sentences, and enhanced logical flow, signifying that Mentimeter effectively helped idea generation and organization. Although the results are inspiring, the research declares its restrictions in terms of the opportunity of the classroom and its main focus on organization and content, which delays grammar, vocabulary, and stylistic less examined. In brief, the researcher concludes that incorporating digitals device such as Mentimeter in writing classes may efficiently promote students in incapacitating barriers in the pre-writing phase and recommend further research to expand its long-term impact and implementation among different writing genres.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Puspita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation Of the Use of Liveworksheets Towards Improving Students' Literacy and Critical Thinking Abilities in The Science Subject of Grade 3 Of State Elementary School
This study investigates the implementation of Liveworksheets as a digital learning medium in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject for third-grade students at Elementary School, focusing on both literacy and critical thinking skills. Using a qualitative descriptive design, the participants consisted of the school principal, two classroom teachers, and 25 students. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that Liveworksheets significantly enhanced students’ literacy and motivation; 76% of students showed higher engagement and improved ability to interpret texts and images. Indicators of critical thinking also emerged, such as rechecking answers, comparing information, and discussing with peers before asking for help. Teachers reported that Liveworksheets supported the delivery of diverse tasks and instant feedback, though challenges remained, including limited device availability, unstable internet, and students’ difficulty with lengthy analytical questions. These findings suggest that while Liveworksheets can serve as an innovative learning tool, successful implementation requires adequate infrastructure, teacher training, and adaptation of tasks to students’ developmental levels. The study recommends that educators integrate Liveworksheets with traditional approaches to strengthen both literacy and higher-order thinking from the early grades.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pramurinda Aulia, Nur Aisyah, Muhammad Khozinul Huda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Using Cooperative Learning Strategy to Improve Writing Skills of Grade Ten Students of Senior High School
The objective of this research is to find out if using Cooperative Learning Strategy can improve students’ writing skills of grade ten students at Senior High School. The researcher applied quasi-experimental design with two classes, experimental class and control class. The experimental class consisted of 34 students and control class consisted of 35 students selected through cluster random sampling technique. In collecting data, the researcher administered pretest and posttest to both the experimental class and control class. The data were analyzed statistically in order to find out the significant difference of students’ achievement before and after treatments. Using 0.025 level of significance and 67 degrees of freedom (df), the researcher found that the value of t-table was 1.998, which was lower than the t-counted 3.57. It means that the hypothesis is accepted. In other words, using Cooperative Learning Strategy can improve students’ writing skills.
Copyright (c) 2025 Qoriatus Saidah Marhamah, Erniwati, Syahrul Munir, Sriati Usman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Taylor Swift’s “All Too Well (10 Minute Version)” and Its Pedagogical Implications for English Language Learning
An English song is not only a form of entertainment but also an effective tool for learning languages, especially for students learning English as a foreign language. However, figurative language is often not taught in a practical way in many Indonesian classrooms, making it difficult for students to grasp non-literal expressions. This study applied a qualitative descriptive method by analyzing Taylor Swift’s “All Too Well (10 Minute Version)” using Knickerbocker and Reninger’s (1963) theory. The analysis identified 31 instances of figurative language across nine types, namely hyperbole, irony, metaphor, personification, simile, synecdoche, allusion, metonymy, and paradox, with hyperbole and metaphor appearing most frequently. In addition, perspectives from five students at Universitas Negeri Semarang were gathered through open-ended questionnaires to explore the pedagogical implications of using songs in English learning. The findings showed that students perceived song-based learning as engaging and motivating, reporting improved comprehension of figurative expressions and increased classroom participation. These results indicate that integrating popular songs into English lessons can meaningfully enhance student engagement and foster deeper understanding of figurative language in authentic contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hesie Diati Safira, Pasca Kalisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reframing the Frontier: Religion, Race, and Colonial Violence in American Primeval (2025)
The American frontier has long been celebrated as a narrative of progress and divine destiny, yet this myth conceals the colonial violence and religious extremism that shaped U.S. expansion. This study investigates how the Netflix miniseries American Primeval (2025) deconstructs that mythology by exposing the intersections of religion, race, and power within nineteenth-century Mormon expansion. Drawing on Mohrman’s (2022) analysis of how religious ideologies intensify settler colonial violence, this research examines how American Primeval portrays faith not as salvation but as an instrument of domination. Using qualitative content analysis and guided by settler colonial theory, the study analyzes selected episodes (2–5) focusing on dialogues, character arcs, and visual framing that reveal how spiritual conviction was weaponized to justify land seizure, racial hierarchy, and intra-settler violence. The findings show that the series reframes Mormonism as both a faith of refuge and a mechanism of control—demonstrating how the pursuit of Zion transformed into the reproduction of colonial systems. By foregrounding Indigenous resistance and exposing the moral contradictions of frontier religiosity, American Primeval challenges the enduring myth of American exceptionalism. Addressing the research gap in the representation of Mormon expansion within contemporary visual media, this study contributes to scholarship on settler colonialism by illustrating how screen narratives can revise historical memory and critique the theological foundations of conquest. Ultimately, the series serves as a cinematic act of historical revision that reclaims the frontier as a site of trauma, resistance, and moral reckoning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alfira Khairina Intifadah, Krisna Sujiwa, Yusrina Dinar Prihatika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Slang Language as Strategy of Communication in Alasrajah Village: A Sociolinguistic Study
Language acts as the main means of communication and self-identity, which continues to develop along with social, cultural, and technological changes. Among teenagers, slang is an important part of informal communication, enabling the formation of group identity and solidarity. The use of slang language among teenagers in Alasrajah Village, Bangkalan Regency are very unique. This study tries to analyze the use of slang language by exploring the forms, functions, and social and cultural factors that play a role in its formation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method by applying a sociolinguistic approach. This research was conducted in Alasrajah Village, Bangkalan, Madura, East Java on 2024. The results of the study identified five main types of slang: (1) fresh and creative slang at about 38,48%, clipping at about 15, 38%, compounding 15, 38%, acronym 15, 38%, and imitative 15, 38%. Each of which has its own social and communicative functions. Moreover, the use of slang in Alasrajah strengthens the social identity, facilitates informal communication, and expresses resistance to formal language rules. The main factors in the formation of this slang language are the influence of social media and local dialects, which together create a linguistic expression that is distinctive and rooted in cultural identity. This study provides insight into how language functions as a means of communication and a reflection of the social dynamics that develop in local communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Pujiati, Rosiana Sukma Anjani, Dede Rosyadi ZA, Bima Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of The Montessori Method Using Large Movable Alphabet Media in Improving Beginning Reading Skills of Grade 1 Students at State Elementary School
This study aims to determine the effect of the Montessori method, using the Large Movable Alphabet (LMA), on improving the beginning reading skills of first-grade students. A quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design was employed. The subjects were 20 first-grade students at State Elementary School 1 Pasuruan in the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year, selected via saturated sampling. The intervention was implemented for four weeks through Montessori-based learning sessions using the LMA. Results showed a significant increase in the mean score from 57.75 (SD = 8.12) in the pretest to 83.25 (SD = 6.47) in the posttest. A paired-samples t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference (t(19) = -12.47, p < .001). The effect size was very large (Cohen's d = 2.79), and the N-Gain score was 0.586 (58.6%), categorized as moderate. This indicates that the Montessori method using the LMA effectively improved students' beginning reading skills. The practical implication is that this method can be an alternative, motivating strategy for early reading instruction in elementary schools, actively engaging students through multisensory media. Recommendations for future research include testing the method with a larger sample, a control group, and over a longer duration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vinah Lusianah, Widia Nur Jannah, Erna Labudasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Content Analysis of Speaking Tasks in English Textbook “English for Nusantara” for Junior High School
This study aimed to find out the cognitive process dimensions and the arrangement of chapter 1,2,3,4, and 5 of speaking tasks in the “English for Nusantara” textbook for Junior High School. This study employed a content analysis method with a qualitative approach based on Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, determining the extent to which the textbook promotes students' cognitive skill development in speaking English. The object of study is chapter 1,2,3,4, and 5 of speaking section in English for Nusantara Textbook. The data obtained through twelve of tasks in speaking sections. The findings revealed that the speaking tasks have five cognitive process categories: remembering (C1), understanding (C2), applying (C3), analyzing (C4) and creating (C6). However, the only categories evaluating (C5) were not found in the analyzed tasks. Additionally, the arrangement of tasks is sequence, which is in this book followed a progression from Lower-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) to Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). It is suitable for EFL learning because the pattern in English for Nusantara is designed to develop students' thinking skills step by step. However, there are still gaps in covering more complex cognitive categories, indicating a need for further improvements to ensure that students receive a more comprehensive learning experience. Therefore, the conclusion was the speaking tasks in English for Nusantara textbook for Junior High School published by Ministry of Education and Culture was categorized as LOTS level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ega Safira, Ratna Dewi, Nunung Anugrawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Analysis of Vocabulary Usage in The Online Game Application ”Mobile Legend’’ at Junior High School
This study explores the analysis of vocabulary usage in the online game application Mobile Legends at Junior High School. Using a qualitative design, the study involved 10 ninth-grade students as participants, selected for their active engagement with the game. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that students frequently acquired vocabulary related to gameplay, such as cooldown (CD), buff, nerf, ulti, and backdoor. These terms were retained because they were repeatedly used and directly connected to in-game actions. Students reported that the interactive features of Mobile Legends, including quick chat, voice chat, and subtitles, facilitated vocabulary learning in an authentic context. The results indicate that Mobile Legends can serve as a supplementary medium for vocabulary acquisition among Generation Z learners. However, potential negative impacts, such as exposure to offensive language and excessive play, must also be considered. The study suggests that game-based learning should be integrated strategically into EFL classrooms to maximize benefits while minimizing risks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mifta Farid, Muh. Tahir, Iskandar, Muhammad Arham, Agus Salim Jirong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Correlation between Students’ Reading Habits and Their Ability in Writing Analytical Exposition Text
Reading is essential for students’ academic development, particularly in enhancing their writing ability. Nevertheless, many students are reluctant to read and encounter difficulties in writing analytical exposition texts, which require critical thinking and clear organization. This research investigates the correlation between students’ reading habits and their ability to write analytical exposition texts in the Indonesian EFL context, specifically at MAN 1 Lamongan during the academic year 2023/2024. The research employed a quantitative method with a correlational design. Participants were 34 eleventh-grade students from the Ilmu Bahasa dan Budaya (IBB) class, selected purposively. Data were obtained through a reading habits questionnaire and a writing test of analytical exposition texts, and then analyzed using SPSS 23. The findings reveal that students’ reading habits were generally categorized as “good,” while their writing ability fell into the “excellent” category. A strong and significant positive correlation was identified between reading habits and writing ability. These results highlight the importance of cultivating students’ reading habits as a foundation for developing stronger writing skills. This research contributes to English language education in Indonesia by emphasizing the role of reading in enhancing writing proficiency. Teachers are encouraged to implement effective and engaging strategies that foster reading motivation, thereby improving students’ ability to produce well-structured analytical writing. The findings may also serve as a valuable reference for future research with a broader scope.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Rohmah, Riya Risqi Setyaningrum, Riryn Fatmawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Approbation Maxim Violation in Hailey Bieber TikTok Comments: A Politeness Principle Analysis
This study analyzes violations of the Approbation Maxim in TikTok comments directed at Hailey Bieber using a qualitative descriptive method. The data source consists of user comments from publicly accessible TikTok videos featuring or discussing Hailey Bieber. The data collection was conducted through non-participant observation during Apri-May 2025, where researchers read, selected, and compiled 25 comments that potentially violated the Approbation Maxim, specifically those containing sarcasm, criticism, or negative evaluation. For the data analysis, the comments were examined using Leech's (1983) Politeness Principle, focusing on the Approbation Maxim, which encourages minimizing dispraise and maximizing praise. Each comment was categorized and interpreted to identify its type and the degree of impoliteness. The findings show that all 25 comments violated the Approbation Maxim, with sarcasm being the most frequent form (44%), followed by criticism (28%) and negative evaluation (28%). These results indicate that users on digital platforms like TikTok often disregard politeness norms when addressing public figures, instead using sarcastic, critical, and negative evaluation language in public discourse. This study is significant as it highlights how violations of politeness maxims contribute to the decline of digital politeness and provides pragmatic insights for fostering more respectful communication on social media.
Copyright (c) 2025 Margareta Ratna Anul, Ni Wayan Suastini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Against the World: Joel's External Conflict in The Last of Us Season 1
This research explores the types of external conflicts and conflict management strategies used by the main character, Joel, in The Last of Us Season 1. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research analyzes all nine episodes by observing, identifying, and classifying Joel’s external conflicts based on Kenney (1966) theory man vs. man, man vs. nature, and man vs. society. It also applies the conflict management strategies from Thomas & Kilmann (2012): competing, avoiding, collaborating, accommodating, and compromising. The findings reveal 17 external conflicts, with man vs. man and man vs. nature each accounting for 35%, and man vs. society 30%. In responding to these conflicts, Joel mostly uses the competing strategy (53%) and avoiding strategy (47%). Competing is seen when he takes direct, forceful action, while avoiding appears in situations that are emotionally overwhelming or where he lacks control. This research is significant for media and literary studies because it shows how conflict in a post-apocalyptic narrative shapes character development and reflects human survival instincts. By focusing on one character across a full season, the research offers a detailed look at how external pressures influence behavior and decision-making in extreme conditions. However, the scope is limited to Joel and does not cover internal conflict or perspectives from other characters. Future studies are encouraged to explore more characters, compare seasons, or examine similar themes in different genres to gain broader insights.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Gusti Ngurah Gilang Parayudha, I Wayan Juniartha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
EFL Teacher’s Challenges in Implementing Project Based Learning (PjBL) in the Context of Merdeka Curriculum at Vocational High School
This research aims to explore the challenges faced by English teacher in implementing Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in the context of the Merdeka Curriculum in Vocational High Schools (SMK). Using descriptive qualitative method, data was collected through non participant observation conducted three times and fifteen minutes of semi-structural interviews with an EFL teacher at SMKN 5 Pangkep. The findings reveal that teacher encountered various obstacles, such as limited class hours, students' lack of understanding of project concepts, and insufficient opportunities for professional development. These findings highlight the need for ongoing support, whether in the form of training or policy adjustments, to ensure that PjBL implementation can be carried out more effectively in line with the spirit of the Merdeka Curriculum.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurfitrah Awaliyah, Syarifuddin Dollah, Muh. Tahir, Nurrahma Maulida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Javanese Script Comic Strip "Si Kani": Character Education Learning Media of Serat Wulangreh Pupuh Kinanthi
Javanese script is a subject in Javanese language classes, which often perceived as complicated. This study aims to: 1) describe the findings from the needs analysis for developing Javanese script comic strip learning media at SMP Negeri 1 Jatibarang for Grade VIII, 2) develop a prototype of Javanese script comic strip media containing the content of Serat Wulangreh pupuh kinanthi, and 3) analyze the results of expert validation and student responses to the developed comic strip media. This study used Research and Development (R&D) development. The research model used the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation & Evaluation) development model. The analysis technique in this study was quantitative data analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and questionnaires. This study involved 32 eighth-grade students and Javanese language teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Jatibarang as research subjects. This study focused on the development of teaching materials in the form of Javanese script comic strips using Javanese script as the main font. The assessment results show that the media product is in the excellent category by material experts with a feasibility score of 98% and media experts with a score of 95%. Meanwhile, the teacher response results produced a feasibility score of 95% and the student response results with a score of 93.75% in the excellent category. These results show that these comic strips can be used effectively as an alternative medium for teaching materials.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Nurjanah, Nur Hanifah Insani, Joko Sukoyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Student’s Learning Motivation Constantly in Blooket Learning Media and Question Card Media at State Elementary School
This research is motivated by the low learning motivation of students in the learning process which is still dominated by conventional methods, making students quickly bored, less enthusiastic, and less active. To overcome this problem, innovative, interesting learning media are needed, and are able to increase student motivation. This study aims to determine the differences in learning motivation of fourth-grade students of State Elementary School 1 Arjawinangun using digital gamification-based learning media Blooket and question card media. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design of the Nonequivalent Control Group Design type, involving 70 fourth-grade students (35 per group). Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation, where student learning motivation was measured using a validated 24-item Likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by testing validity, reliability, normality, homogeneity, t-test, and N-Gain test using SPSS version 27. The results showed that there were significant differences between the experimental group using Blooket media and the control group using conventional question card media. The t-test results showed a significant difference (p < 0.001, t = 3.793), where the experimental class with Blooket media obtained a higher increase in learning motivation compared to the control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of digital gamification-based learning media, especially Blooket, is more effective than question card media in increasing the learning motivation of fourth-grade students at State Elementary School 1 Arjawinangun. This finding provides practical implications that educators should prioritize the use of digital gamification learning tools as a strategy to increase student learning motivation, especially in the context of social studies learning in elementary schools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Berliana Nurindah, Abdul Karim, Nur Asyiah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Digital Storytelling Based on Indonesian Culture to Enhance Students’ Independent Learning in the Society 5.0
The purpose of this research was to develop a digital storytelling product based on Indonesian cultural heritage (Nusantara) to enhance students’ learning independence in the context of Society 5.0. This study employed a research and development (R&D) design using the Borg and Gall model consists of: research and information gathering, planning, initial product development, initial field testing, product revision, main field testing, main product revision, operational field testing, final product revision, and dissemination and implementation. The product development process included expert validation (media, culture, and language), practicality testing by students, and effectiveness testing using a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The results showed that the product improved substantially after expert revisions, with validation scores increasing from below 60% to above 87%. The practicality test involving 25 students yielded an average practicality score of 82%, categorized as “good.” Effectiveness testing revealed a statistically significant improvement in students' learning independence, with a mean difference of 22.7 points (t = 9.85, p = 0.000) between pre-test and post-test scores.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yunita, Neneng Sri Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Reading Strategies and Challenges Used to Develop Primary Students’ Reading Skills
The current study aims to find the reading strategies and challenges faced by eighth-grade students at SMPN 2 Tampaksiring. The strategies were obtained based on three reading categories: cognitive, metacognitive, and socio-affective. There were 30 eighth-grade students involved in this study who were selected by using cluster sampling. Meanwhile, only 3 students were selected by using purposive sampling as the informants for the interview section. The data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. The research instruments were an observation sheet and an interview guide. The data were analyzed by using the Qualitative Data Analysis method, which consisted of four stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data triangulation and method triangulation were conducted to ensure data trustworthiness of the current study. The results showed that 1) three kinds of learning strategies are employed by students at SMPN 2 Tampaksiring to enhance English reading skills, covering cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, and socio-affective strategies; and 2) five challenges are encountered in using reading strategies, covering limited vocabulary, low comprehension, strategy application, lack of motivation, and anxiety. The present study relates to education, where the strategies are beneficial for engaging students in reading activities. It highlights the importance of integrating explicit strategy instruction into the English curriculum.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putu Paradila Sita Anugrah, Ni Putu Era Marsakawati, Suarcaya Putu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation for Error in Translation: A Study of Academic Translations of Prospective Undergraduate Students
This study scrutinizes the quality of translation for students who use translation assistance. A new text translated by students is then studied to see how successful students are at translating the text. First, the quality of the translation was analyzed using a scoring rubric in the form of the first, which deals with the perception of the source text message related to the accuracy of the translation, including the translation which has an inaccurate effect on understanding the source text and classified into eight categories: faux sens, nonsense, additions, omissions, unresolved extralinguistic references, loss of meaning, inappropriate linguistic variations (registers, styles, dialects). Second, nonconforming renderings that affect target language (TL) expressions are divided into five categories: spelling, grammar, lexical items, text, and style. Finally, preliminary presentation affects the delivery of the source text's primary or secondary function. The research uses content analysis design and descriptive qualitative methods as the umbrella. The study's results found that there were few grammatical omissions because the target language had absorption from the source language. In table 1, the translator does not make mistakes regarding style and text because, in principle, the language in the news is the standard language. Linguistic problems include grammatical differences, lexical ambiguity, and meaning ambiguity. At the same time, cultural issues refer to different situational features. This classification coincides with, for example, regional languages such as Sundanese, Malay, or Arabic
Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Kesuma Nasution, Khairun Niswa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Heroic Value of Characters in Jalu Kancana's Kekal Novel and Its Application in Learning Indonesian Language and Literature in Senior High School
This research aims to explain how these heroic values are reflected in the actions and characters of the main characters in the novel Kekal by Jalu Kancana and find out their application in language and literature learning at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive research with a content analysis method. The research focuses on the assessment of the value of hard work, the value of discipline, the value of independence, the value of independence, the value of cooperation, and the value of compassion, as well as to find out its application in Indonesian learning at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi. The results of the data findings found are in the form of quotes that contain elements of heroic values and educational values, referring to the theories of educational values of the types of data findings of each other, and after that the findings are in the form of quotes of educational values that have been expressed by experts. Next, it is grouped into the types of data findings, and after that the data findings are narrated. The next data findings will be observed by two teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the novel Kekal by Jalu Kancana as a result of data findings amounted to 69 educational values, which were divided into the value of hard work amounting to 20 data citations, the discipline value of 8 data, the independent value of 6 data, the value of cooperation amounting to 13 data, and the value of affection 20 data. From the results of this research, the value of hard work, the value of affection, and the value of cooperation are very visible in this novel. Therefore, the novel Kekal Karya Jalu Kancana can be applied in Indonesian learning at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi. Thus, it can be concluded that the results of this research are suitable for application in the learning of Indonesian Language and Literature at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sulis, Efendi, Ade Nurul Izatti, Gazali, Nirmayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0