Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies is a high-quality open-access and peer-reviewed research journal with e-ISSN 2808-8395 . Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies providing a platform that welcomes and acknowledges high quality empirical original research papers about is a publication media to channel the scientific work of lecturers, theoretical, and practitioners in the field with various perspectives of law, philosophy, mysticism, history, art, theology, as well as observers of Islamic Studies. Published by Postgraduate Program of the State Islamic Institute of Palopo. Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies published biannually, schedule in October and April, and the Journal Editorial invites researchers, academicians, professionals, and practitioners from all over the world to submit the manuscript. Authors can submit articles/manuscripts by logging into the Open Journal System (OJS) by ONLINE SUBMISSION Journal title Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies Initials JIIS Abbreviation Jour. Ind. Islamic.Studies Frequency Biannual (October, April) DOI Prefix 10.24256/jiis ISSN 2808-8395 (Online) Editor-in-chief Nurul Aswar Publisher Pascasarjana IAIN Palopo Citation Google Scholar | Garuda
Postgraduate Program of the State Islamic Institute of Palopo
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The Role of Islamic Kingdoms in the Islamization of the Nusantara: A Literature Study of Samudera Pasai, Aceh, and Mataram
This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic kingdoms in the Islamization process in the Nusantara through a literature study approach. The research focuses on three major Islamic kingdoms, namely Samudera Pasai, Aceh, and Mataram Islam, which played significant roles in shaping Islamic civilization in the region. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review design, utilizing data from scholarly articles, books, and relevant academic sources. The findings reveal that Islamization in the Nusantara was a multidimensional process influenced not only by trade and ulama networks but also by political authority and cultural adaptation. Samudera Pasai functioned as an initial gateway of Islamization through trade and early institutional formation, Aceh emerged as a center of Islamic intellectual development and political consolidation, while Mataram Islam contributed through cultural integration and social adaptation. These findings indicate that the Islamization process was cumulative and complementary, involving political, educational, and socio-cultural dimensions. This study contributes to a more integrative understanding of Islamization by offering a comparative framework that connects multiple Islamic kingdoms within a unified analytical perspective.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aufa Fatchia Rahma, Lutfiah Holifa Balkis, Dwi Ratnasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Comparative Analysis of Communal Iftar Practices in Campus and Community Mosques: A Living Fiqh Perspective from Sukoharjo, Indonesia
This study examines the practice of communal iftar (iftar jama‘i) across two contrasting institutional settings, namely campus mosques and community mosques in Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia. It aims to analyze how iftar activities are organized, how patterns of congregational behavior differ, and how these practices can be interpreted within the framework of fiqh al-‘ibādah. Using a qualitative descriptive-comparative approach, data were collected through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with mosque administrators, Ramadan committees, and congregants. The findings indicate that institutional structure plays a significant role in shaping religious practices. Campus mosques tend to implement highly structured and regulated systems, characterized by formal committees, standardized food distribution, and controlled participation mechanisms. In contrast, community mosques exhibit more flexible, participatory, and socially embedded practices, relying on voluntary contributions and collective engagement. Despite these differences, both contexts remain consistent with the normative principles of fiqh al-‘ibādah, particularly in encouraging timely iftar and promoting social charity. These findings demonstrate that religious practices are not static but are dynamically negotiated within specific social contexts. This study reinforces and extends the concept of living fiqh by showing how normative Islamic teachings are continuously interpreted in everyday religious life. It also provides practical implications for mosque management in designing religious activities that balance normative compliance with social inclusivity, thereby offering a more integrated and context-sensitive understanding of contemporary Muslim religious practices during Ramadan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Della Rahmayani, Azzahra Sindhi Latifa, Qodim Ma'shum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Hidden Curriculum in Islamic Boarding Schools and Its Implications for the Formation of Santri Character: A Systematic Literature Review
The hidden curriculum is vital in pesantren education, often surpassing formal curricula in shaping students' moral foundations. This research synthesizes literature on its implementation and impact on character building from 2021 to 2026. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the PRISMA protocol, 16 final articles were selected from Google Scholar via Publish or Perish. Findings reveal that implementation manifests through four pillars: exemplary leadership (uswah hasanah), organizational culture, dormitory environment, and digital integration. Dominant traits formed include religiosity, self-reliance, discipline, and soft skills. The study highlights a shift from traditional management to digitalization, altering student interaction patterns. These implications offer a strategic framework for pesantren leaders to optimize unwritten elements, strengthening character education in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Homsiyah, Tri Wahyudi Ramdhan, Moh Holil Baitaputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Islamic Educational Values in Caring for Children with Disabilities: A Literature-Based Qualitative Study
Islamic Religious Education (IRE) is a fundamental right for all children, including those with disabilities; however, its implementation remains limited and often lacks adaptive, inclusive approaches. While previous studies have primarily focused on normative discussions of IRE for children with disabilities, there has been insufficient attention to integrating Islamic educational values into practical caregiving strategies. This study, titled Islamic Educational Values in Caring for Children with Disabilities: A Literature-Based Qualitative Study, aims to explore: (1) the core Islamic educational values relevant to children with disabilities, and (2) practical strategies for incorporating these values into caregiving practices. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyzes scholarly books, journal articles, and relevant documents through content analysis, with data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing, supported by source triangulation to ensure validity. The findings reveal that key Islamic educational values for children with disabilities include faith (iman), piety (taqwa), patience, responsibility, and moral conduct. These values can be implemented through adaptive strategies such as individualized instruction, habituation, demonstration, play-based learning, and continuous guidance. The study highlights the crucial role of families and educators in creating inclusive, supportive, and value-oriented learning environments. This research contributes to an integrative framework that links Islamic educational values with caregiving strategies, offering both theoretical insights and practical guidance for parents, educators, and policymakers in promoting inclusive Islamic education for children with disabilities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih, Fathul Khair, Imam Hakam, Risma Amalia Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrating Character Values, Religious Moderation, and Local Wisdom in Islamic Religious Education: A Conceptual Analysis
This study aims to analyze the integration of character values, religious moderation, and local wisdom in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) learning. This research employs a qualitative approach using library research, focusing on the analysis of relevant literature related to character education, religious moderation, and local wisdom. Data were collected from scientific journal articles, academic books, and supporting documents, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify key themes and patterns. The findings reveal that character values, religious moderation, and local wisdom are interconnected elements that play a significant role in strengthening Islamic Religious Education. Character values function as the moral foundation in shaping students’ behavior, while religious moderation promotes balanced, inclusive, and tolerant attitudes. Meanwhile, local wisdom provides contextual relevance that connects learning materials with students’ social and cultural environments. The integration of these three aspects contributes to the development of students’ moral character, social awareness, and ability to live harmoniously in a multicultural society. This study concludes that an integrative approach combining moral, religious, and cultural dimensions is essential to enhance the relevance and effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education in addressing contemporary challenges. However, this study is limited to a conceptual analysis based on secondary data. Therefore, future research is recommended to examine the practical implementation of this integrative model through empirical studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Albab Mananna, Salwa Aurumia Firanti, Meleza Andora, Abu Mansur, Baldi Anggara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessment as Learning in Islamic Religious Education: A Literature Review of Its Implementation in Elementary Schools
This study examines the implementation of assessment as learning in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the elementary school level through a systematic literature review. The problem addressed in this research is the dominance of traditional, cognitively oriented assessment practices that limit students’ engagement and the internalization of Islamic values. This study aims to analyze the conceptual framework, implementation strategies, and challenges of assessment as learning in PAI. The method employed is a systematic literature review (SLR) of 18 scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2025, collected from academic databases using specific keywords and analyzed through content analysis. The findings reveal that although there has been a shift toward authentic and holistic assessment approaches, the implementation of assessment as learning remains limited and not yet systematically integrated into classroom practices. Reflective strategies such as self-assessment, peer assessment, and learning journals are identified but are applied inconsistently and depend largely on teacher initiative. The study also finds that assessment as learning has significant potential to enhance students’ metacognitive awareness, learning responsibility, and internalization of Islamic values. However, its implementation is hindered by challenges such as limited teacher understanding, lack of training, time constraints, and the absence of practical assessment instruments. Overall, this study highlights a gap between theoretical developments and practical application, emphasizing the need for more systematic and context-based assessment models in Islamic education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lutfiah Holifa Balkis, Abdul Munip https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Social Media Usage on Adolescents’ Legal Awareness in Paccinongang Subdistrict, Gowa Regency
This study aims to analyze the influence of social media usage on adolescents’ legal awareness in Paccinongang Subdistrict, Gowa Regency. The background of this research is based on the high intensity of social media use among adolescents, which has the potential to influence their understanding and legal behavior in the digital space. This study employs a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires administered to 93 respondents and analyzed using simple linear regression, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews with nine informants. The results show that social media usage has a positive and significant effect on adolescents’ legal awareness (p < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 50.7%. Qualitative findings reveal that social media plays a role in shaping legal knowledge, attitudes, and behavior through content exposure, digital interaction, and media experience. This study concludes that social media has the potential to serve as an effective tool in enhancing adolescents’ legal awareness when utilized wisely and in an educational manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Ali, Auliah Andika Rukman, Akbar Aba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
State Responsibility in Child Protection: A Fiqh Siyasah Perspective on Law No. 35/2014 Child Protection Law and State Responsibility
This research is motivated by the increasing number of cases of violence against children in elementary schools, which indicates a gap between legal provisions and their implementation in the field. This study aims to analyze the state's responsibility in protecting the constitutional rights of elementary school children based on Article 54 of Law Number 35 of 2014 and examine its relevance from a jurisprudence perspective. This research uses a normative legal method by applying a statutory and conceptual approach. The results show that the implementation of child protection in elementary schools is still suboptimal, as indicated by the high rate of violence against children. This condition is influenced by weak supervision, ineffective coordination between institutions, and the less than optimal implementation requires further strengthening of siyasah dusturiyah aspects to ensure more substantive welfare (al-maslahah). Specific findings indicate a synchronization gap between child protection regulations and the fulfillment of fundamental rights within educational environments, where the principle of the state as a guardian (waliyul amri) has not been fully integrated into the technical and operational dimensions of field policy. This analysis asserts that reinforcing state responsibility must rely not only on the formal legality of positive law but also on the moral-political obligation to cultivate an educational ecosystem that is both secure and equitable, in alignment with the principles of himayah al-atfal. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the supervisory system, improve coordination between institutions, and develop more responsive and sustainable policies to ensure the effective protection of elementary school children.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sofiyana Nasution, Maulidya Mora Matondang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Innovation in Islamic Education Learning in the Digital Era to Address Multicultural Challenges
This study aims to analyze innovation in Islamic education learning in the digital era in addressing multicultural challenges. This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the framework proposed by Barbara Kitchenham, consisting of planning, conducting, and reporting stages. Data were collected from relevant scientific publications indexed in Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns across studies. The findings indicate that innovation in Islamic education learning is primarily reflected in three aspects: the integration of digital technology, the application of innovative pedagogical models, and the adoption of student-centered learning approaches. At the same time, multicultural challenges include diverse student backgrounds, limited understanding of tolerance, and exposure to uncontrolled digital information. The study further reveals that the integration of digital innovation with multicultural values—through interactive learning media, project-based learning, and the strengthening of digital literacy—plays a significant role in fostering inclusive and tolerant attitudes among students. These findings highlight the importance of developing integrative curricula, enhancing teachers’ competencies, and promoting collaborative learning environments to support effective Islamic education in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sandrina Ramadhani, Sri Juwita, Donna Takrim, Abu Mansur, Baldi Anggara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Legal Analysis of DPR Authority in Evaluating the Corruption Eradication Commission: A Siyasah Dusturiyah Perspective
This study aims to analyze the authority of the House of Representatives (DPR) in conducting evaluations of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) as regulated in Article 228A of DPR Regulation Number 1 of 2020, as well as to examine it from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah. This study is motivated by the ongoing debate regarding the limits of legislative authority in exercising oversight over independent state institutions, particularly the KPK which plays a strategic role in combating corruption in Indonesia. This research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, which relies on the analysis of legal norms, doctrines, and relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that constitutionally the DPR has an oversight function over the administration of government; However, the implementation of evaluations of the KPK must still consider the principle of institutional independence as specified in the legislation. From the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah, oversight of the exercise of power constitutes part of the principle of maintaining justice and preventing the abuse of authority. Nevertheless, its implementation must be based on the values ​​of justice, public benefit (maslahah), and must not create domination of power among state institutions. Therefore, the evaluation mechanism of the KPK should be carried out proportionally so that it remains consistent with the principle of checks and balances within the constitutional system as well as the values ​​of justice within the perspective of Islamic law
Copyright (c) 2026 Mhd. Naufal Ahnaf, Maulidya Mora Matondang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Interaction Model of Qur’an and Science in The Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs’ Scientific Tafsir
This study analyzes the model of interaction between Islam and science in the Tafsir Ilmi by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia through Agus Purwanto's typological framework, which categorizes the relationship into the Islamization of Science, the Scientification of Islam, and Islamic Science. Using a literature study method with a descriptive-analytical approach, the results of the study indicate that the Tafsir Ilmi by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia predominantly applies the model of Islamic Scientification, in which the verses of the Qur'an are positioned as a priori truths that are then verified using modern scientific facts. This finding is concretely identified through the explanation of physiological phenomena in the story of the Companions of the Cave and the role of soil elements in human creation, which are correlated with biochemical data to legitimize the narrative of the sacred text. Although this approach successfully proves the relevance of the Qur'an to the development of science, its apologetic-defensive nature and focus on compatibility are considered less productive for the development of an independent scientific paradigm because science only functions as an instrument supporting the truth of revelation. Consequently, this study recommends the need for further comparative and ethnographic studies to comprehensively understand the integration of religious authority and science in state-sponsored tafsir.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Hadrawi, Indal Abror https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Integrative Framework for the Design and Development of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in the Digital Era
This study aims to analyze the nature, scope, and development of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning design in the digital era. The study employs a qualitative library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach by examining relevant literature on instructional design, Islamic education, and digital learning. The findings reveal that PAI learning design is a systematic and integrative process that connects learning objectives, materials, strategies, media, and evaluation while emphasizing the integration of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The study also finds that the development of PAI learning is a continuous process grounded in both technological advancement and Islamic principles, particularly the concept of self-evaluation (muhasabah) as reflected in Qur’anic teachings. In addition, the scope of PAI learning design includes student analysis, objective formulation, material selection, strategy and method determination, media utilization, and comprehensive evaluation. The study further clarifies the conceptual distinctions among instructional design, models, strategies, and methods, which are often used interchangeably in educational practice. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative conceptual framework that combines instructional design theory, digital transformation, and Islamic educational values. This study contributes to the development of more adaptive, value-oriented, and meaningful PAI learning in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Laila Rahmi Hasanah, Mona Alyaa Sausan, Lailatul Mukjizat, Abu Mansur, Baldi Anggara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HR Management in Education: A Study of Natur Islamic School, Bekasi City and SIT Fitrah Hanniah, Bekasi Regency
This study aims to get an overview of the management model of corporate-based teacher HR management in private Islamic schools as a residue of globalization and decentralization of education developed by the urban Muslim middle class by taking subjects in Sekolah Natur Islam (SANI) and Sekolah Islam Terpadu Fitrah Hanniah (SIT FH). This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that: a) conceptually-theoretically the curriculum and independent learning developed by SANI and SIT FH are in line with the national education system: b) the management of teacher human resources at SANI and SIT FH has standard operating procedures (POS) that are tailored to the objectives of school education: and c) the development of SANI education focuses on micro moral development such as school digitalization, strengthening literacy, and model schools. Meanwhile, SIT FH focuses on macro material development such as infrastructure development and institutional development. Thus, this study confirms that diversification of educational development strategies, both in moral and material aspects, is a complementary approach to improving the quality of education holistically.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ade Chairil Anwar, Moh. Idrus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Thought of Jamaluddin Al-Afghani (Pan-Islamism) and Its Relevance for Contemporary Islamic Education
This study aims to analyze the thought of Jamaluddin al-Afghani on Pan-Islamism and its relevance to contemporary Islamic education within the framework of Islamic educational philosophy. Al-Afghani (1839–1897) was a prominent Muslim reformer who responded to the decline of the Muslim world and Western imperialism through the idea of Islamic unity (Pan-Islamism). This research employs a library research method based on primary sources, classical texts, and relevant scholarly literature. Data analysis is conducted using thematic content analysis. The findings indicate that Pan-Islamism is not merely a socio-political movement but also contains a philosophical foundation in Islamic education, particularly through the integration of the concepts of tarbiyah, ta‘lim, and ta’dib. These three concepts form a holistic framework that encompasses intellectual, moral, and spiritual development in education. Al-Afghani emphasized that the revival of the Muslim ummah can only be achieved through education that integrates religious and rational sciences, strengthens critical thinking, and fosters intellectual solidarity among Muslims. In the context of contemporary Islamic education, his thought remains relevant in promoting educational reform that is integrative, progressive, and adaptive to modern challenges while preserving Islamic identity. However, Pan-Islamism also has limitations, particularly its idealistic emphasis on unity, which may overlook socio-cultural and epistemological diversity within the Muslim world.
Copyright (c) 2026 Atania Firdaus; Havid Yanuardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Judicial Independence and Dual Positions: A Siyasah Qadhaiyah Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 183/PUU-XXII/2024
This research is motivated by the limited number of studies analyzing Constitutional Court Decision No. 183/PUU-XXII/2024 concerning the prohibition of concurrent positions between leaders of advocate organizations and state officials from a siyasah qadhaiyah perspective. Previous studies generally focused on the constitutional aspects of the advocate profession without linking them to Islamic judicial principles. This research uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach through an analysis of Constitutional Court decisions, related regulations, and legal literature. The results show that the Constitutional Court affirms independence, impartiality, and the prevention of conflicts of interest as the primary basis for limiting concurrent positions to maintain the integrity of the advocate profession. This decision strengthens the professionalism of advocate organizations, clarifies the boundaries of relations with state power, and supports an accountable judicial system. From a siyasah qadhaiyah perspective, the decision aligns with the principles of justice, trustworthiness, and sadd al-dzari'ah as preventive mechanisms to maintain the purity of the judicial function. These findings confirm that Constitutional Court decisions have constitutional and normative relevance in developing a judiciary with integrity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rafi Sulistio, Muhammad Amin, Lutfi Fahrul Rizal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adaptive Moderation in Islamic Education: A Study of NU Teachers in Muhammadiyah-Affiliated Schools
This study investigates how religious moderation is practiced as an adaptive process by Islamic Education (PAI) teachers affiliated with Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) working in a Muhammadiyah-based primary school. It addresses a gap in existing studies that largely emphasize normative and policy-oriented perspectives of moderation, while paying limited attention to teachers’ lived experiences, identity negotiation, and pedagogical practices in cross-traditional educational settings. A qualitative case study was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah 2 Samarinda from March to April 2026, involving three purposively selected PAI teachers. Data were collected through direct observation, semi-structured online interviews via Zoom, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive model combined with thematic coding. The findings reveal that teachers’ religious understanding is grounded in the Qur’an and Hadith, accompanied by selective acceptance of intra-Islamic differences within the domain of furu’iyah. Social interaction with non-Muslims is allowed within worldly affairs, while clear theological boundaries are maintained. Moderation is understood as a balanced stance that integrates doctrinal commitment with social tolerance. In classroom practice, moderation is implemented through the integration of theological instruction and values of respect, supported by exemplification of prophetic conduct. Teachers also demonstrate the ability to maintain their NU-based identity while adapting to the Muhammadiyah institutional environment. These findings indicate that religious moderation operates as a context-dependent and dynamic process shaped by textual commitment, social interaction, and pedagogical strategies, conceptualized in this study as “adaptive moderation,” contributing to a more practice-oriented understanding of moderation in Islamic education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Winda Islamitha Nurhamidah Nurhamidah, Muqowim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Humanizing Islamic Education in Elementary Islamic School: Teacher Strategies, Classroom Dynamics, and Contextual Factors at MIM Pringkuku
This study investigates the humanization of Islamic Education (PAI) learning at MIM Pringkuku, Pacitan, focusing on humanistic value implementation, teacher strategies, and supporting-inhibiting factors. A qualitative descriptive case study design was employed, with data collected through structured observation, semi-structured interviews with the Islamic Education teacher, school principal, and nine sixth-grade students, and documentation study. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman & & Saldaña interactive model with triangulation to ensure validity. Findings reveal that humanistic values are consistently embedded through warm classroom atmosphere creation, empathic responses to student mistakes, and organic moral value internalization across all Islamic Education subjects. Teacher strategies include contextual learning, dialogic teaching, and a peer tutoring system that achieved most of students completing Juz 30 memorization. Supporting factors are ecosystemic, encompassing teacher commitment, institutional support, and community involvement, while the primary challenge is the cognitive-affective gap between high in-school mastery and inconsistent value implementation in students' daily lives. This study proposes that the single-teacher condition creates a consistent humanistic pedagogical identity across all Islamic Education subjects, reframing Islamic Education humanization as an ecosystemic rather than individual phenomenon.
Copyright (c) 2026 Julyana Asokawati, Ahmadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Anti-Corruption Education and the Strengthening of Students’ Moral Awareness: The Role of School Culture and Teacher Modeling
This study aims to analyze the implementation of anti-corruption education in strengthening students’ moral awareness at SMAN 3 Pangkep. This research is motivated by the importance of character education and integrity development among students amid the persistence of corruption-related behavior in society. Previous studies have generally focused on the conceptual integration of anti-corruption values in learning, while limited studies have explored the role of school culture, teacher role modeling, and contextual habituation in strengthening students’ moral awareness. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving principals, teachers, and students as informants. Data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking. The findings reveal that anti-corruption education at SMAN 3 Pangkep is implemented through the integration of anti-corruption values into Civic Education learning, school culture, and teacher role modeling. The study identified the development of students’ moral awareness related to honesty, responsibility, discipline, and fairness through contextual learning experiences and daily habituation practices. However, several students still demonstrated inconsistent behavior regarding discipline and academic honesty, indicating that moral awareness formation is a continuous process requiring sustainable reinforcement. This study concludes that anti-corruption education contributes positively to strengthening students’ moral awareness when supported by contextual learning, integrity-based school culture, and consistent teacher role modeling. The findings imply the importance of collaborative and sustainable character education practices in developing students’ integrity within school environments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Randy Saputra Randy, Jumiati Nur, Rismawati Rismawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Design of Islamic Religious Education Curriculum and Learning Outcomes in the Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the design of the Islamic Religious Education curriculum and Learning Outcomes (Capaian Pembelajaran/CP) within the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesia. The implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum has introduced significant changes in the orientation of national education, particularly regarding competency-based learning, character development, and student-centered instruction. In the context of Islamic Religious Education, these changes influence curriculum structure, instructional approaches, and competency development across educational phases. This study employed a qualitative approach using a literature review design. Data were collected from policy documents, scientific journal articles, books, and relevant academic publications related to curriculum design, Islamic Religious Education, and the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis techniques through data reduction, categorization, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the Merdeka Curriculum has transformed Islamic Religious Education from content-oriented learning toward competency-based and contextual learning. The Learning Outcomes in Islamic Religious Education are systematically organized according to students’ developmental phases and integrate cognitive, affective, and psychomotor competencies. In addition, the curriculum emphasizes character education, critical thinking, social responsibility, and religious moderation through the integration of the Profil Pelajar Pancasila. The study concludes that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum strengthens the role of Islamic Religious Education as an instrument for competency development, character formation, and social transformation in contemporary Indonesian education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dina Bahriani Putri, Asiana Asiana, Novrian Eka Safutra, Abu Mansur, Baldi Anggara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reconstructing the Concept of Zuhd in Early Islamic Generations as a Response to the Contemporary Moral Crisis
This article examines the reconstruction of the concept of Zuhd (asceticism) as a model of transformative social ethics in responding to the moral crisis of modern society. The rapid development of modernity, marked by globalization, technological advancement, and consumerist culture, has contributed to the rise of materialism, hedonism, and the weakening of spiritual awareness. This study aims to reinterpret Zuhd from the perspective of early Islamic generations and to contextualize its relevance in contemporary life. Employing a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design through library research, data were collected from classical Sufi texts, the Qur’an, Hadith, and relevant contemporary studies, and were analysed using content analysis techniques. The findings reveal that Zuhd is not a rejection of worldly life but rather a balanced spiritual attitude that places material aspects proportionally within ethical and spiritual frameworks. The reconstruction results in four main dimensions: amaliyah (spiritual practice), Khauf (ethical awareness), moral (ethical conduct), and social critique. These dimension function integratively as a transformative ethical model capable of addressing modern moral challenges, suggesting that Zuhd can serve as a relevant ethical framework for fostering a balanced, responsible, and spiritually grounded society in the contemporary era
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ihsan, Yusron Nur Hadi, Nurul Laely Mahmudah, Nasirudin Nasirudin, Abu Bakar Ahmad Baihaqy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Financial Institutions' Responsibilities to Protect Customer Funds: An Islamic Economic Analysis of the Bank Jambi Case
This study aims to analyze the responsibility of financial institutions for protecting customer funds from an Islamic economic perspective, using Bank Jambi as a case study. The Bank Jambi case is relevant because, on February 22, 2026, a digital service system disruption occurred alongside customer reports of missing balances. The incident was followed by a forensic audit, reporting to the Jambi Regional Police, coordination with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia, and a commitment to compensate affected customers. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method through a case-study approach and normative Islamic economic analysis. Data were obtained through literature review and documentation of public sources and Islamic economic literature. The findings indicate that, from an Islamic economic perspective, the responsibility of financial institutions does not stop at collecting and managing funds. It also includes the obligation to uphold trust (amanah), protect customer wealth, provide transparency, offer complaint mechanisms, and restore losses fairly. The handling of the Bank Jambi case shows institutional accountability through audit, legal reporting, and fund compensation. However, the Islamic economic perspective also requires stronger prevention, accountability, and systemic protection so that public trust can be maintained.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Hidayat, Daud Daud, Erwina Kartika Devi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Sukuk Default from the Perspective of the Principle of Al-Ghunmu bil Ghurm and Sharia Asset Guarantee Mechanisms
The rapid development of sukuk within contemporary Islamic capital markets has generated critical debate regarding the consistency between the theoretical foundations of Islamic finance and the practical implementation of sukuk structures, particularly in cases of issuer default and bankruptcy. This study aims to analyze sukuk default from the perspective of the principle of al-ghunmu bil ghurm and sharia asset guarantee mechanisms. This research employs a qualitative library research design using a normative-doctrinal approach. The data were collected from DSN-MUI fatwas, classical fiqh mu‘āmalah literature, sukuk prospectuses, bankruptcy regulations, and contemporary scholarly publications related to Islamic finance and sukuk default. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical and content analysis methods. The findings reveal that contemporary sukuk structures have experienced a substantial transformation from substantive risk-sharing mechanisms toward risk-transfer arrangements through the widespread use of purchase undertaking clauses, principal repayment guarantees, and liquidity support facilities. The study further demonstrates that the dominance of asset-based sukuk creates significant legal fragility because investors generally possess only beneficial ownership rights that are not legally enforceable during bankruptcy proceedings. Consequently, underlying assets frequently fail to function as effective legal protection mechanisms for investors. This study also identifies the emergence of a “Shariah Compliance Paradox,” namely the coexistence of formal sharia compliance with substantive financial practices that reproduce conventional debt-based logic. The study concludes that contemporary sukuk practices increasingly prioritize market competitiveness and investor certainty at the expense of substantive Islamic principles of distributive justice and equitable risk sharing. Therefore, stronger sharia governance, regulatory reform, and the gradual standardization of asset-backed sukuk structures are necessary to preserve the authenticity and credibility of Islamic finance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Syarifatul Isra, Husni Husni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transformation of Islamic Character Values in the Bugis Song "Ininnawa Sabbarae" into Students’ Creative Literary Works
This study investigates the transformation of Islamic character values embedded in the Bugis traditional song Ininnawa Sabbarae into students’ creative literary works. The study is grounded in the assumption that local cultural texts not only preserve cultural heritage but also function as effective media for character education. The research aims to identify the Islamic character values contained in the song and analyze how these values are transformed into students’ literary creations. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the study involved 15 undergraduate students enrolled in a Creative Writing course. Data were collected through classroom observations, document analysis of 23 literary works consisting of poems, short stories, and monologues, as well as semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the dominant Islamic character values represented in Ininnawa Sabbarae include sabr (patience), istiqamah (perseverance), ikhtiar (continuous effort), optimism, and orientation toward goodness (al-khair). These values were transformed into literary expressions through metaphorical language, emotional imagery, narrative conflicts, and contextual life experiences. Students did not merely reproduce the song’s messages but actively reconstructed them according to their personal experiences, social realities, and religious reflections. The transformation process functioned not only as a literary activity but also as a medium for internalizing Islamic character values and preserving Bugis cultural heritage. This study contributes to the discourse on Islamic character education by demonstrating how local wisdom can be integrated into creative writing instruction to strengthen students’ moral awareness, cultural identity, and literary creativity in higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nasirah Nasirah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Relevance of Ibn Taimiyah's Economic Thought on Fair Prices, Markets, and State Intervention from The Perspective of Islamic Economics
The rapid development of the global economy, marked by technological advancement, international trade, and dynamic consumption patterns, has created various real challenges, such as price fluctuations, monopolies, hoarding of goods, and unequal distribution of wealth. In this context, the principles of Islamic economics offer an alternative approach that emphasizes a balance between material profit, ethical values, and social responsibility in every economic activity. Ibn Taymiyyah (661–728 H/1263–1328 CE) made significant contributions to Islamic economic thought through the concepts of fair pricing (tsaman al-mithl), healthy market mechanisms, state supervision and intervention when necessary, and the fair management of property rights. This study employs a qualitative research method using a library research approach. The research data consist of primary sources in the form of Ibn Taymiyyah’s works, such as Al-Hisbah fi al-Islam, Al-Siyasah al-Syar’iyyah fi Ishlah al-Ra’i wa al-Ra’iyyah, and Majmu’ Fatawa, as well as secondary sources including books, scientific journals, articles, and previous studies relevant to the topic. The analytical technique used is descriptive-analytical analysis to examine Ibn Taymiyyah’s economic thought concerning fair pricing, market mechanisms, property rights, and the role of the state in Islamic economics. The findings of the study indicate that Ibn Taymiyyah acknowledged market mechanisms based on the interaction of supply and demand, while rejecting monopolistic practices, price manipulation, and hoarding that harm society. The state plays an important role through the institution of hisbah in supervising markets, maintaining price stability, ensuring fair distribution of wealth, and protecting public interests. The main finding of this study confirms that Ibn Taymiyyah’s economic thought remains relevant in addressing modern economic challenges through the implementation of an economic system that is fair, transparent, sustainable, and oriented toward social welfare in accordance with the perspective of Islamic economics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salsabila Salsabila, Malahayatie Malahayatie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Economic Synergy and Religious Tolerance in Tourism Villages: A Maqashid al-Shari’ah Perspective
Intolerant attitudes may trigger interreligious conflicts in Indonesia. Therefore, there is a need for village-based public spaces that can simultaneously promote social harmony and strengthen the local economy. One such strategic public space is the Tourism Village. This study aims to analyze the role of Tourism Villages as spaces for economic synergy and religious tolerance from the perspectives of legal literature and maqashid sharia. This study employed a qualitative method using a library research approach. Primary data sources included laws and regulations concerning Tourism Villages, tourism, and religious tolerance in Indonesia, as well as Islamic legal sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, and literature on maqashid sharia. Secondary data were obtained from academic books and scientific journal articles. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed using content analysis with a normative legal and maqashid sharia approach. The findings reveal that Tourism Villages possess significant potential to strengthen the local economy while fostering interreligious tolerance. The principles of kinship, equality, local wisdom, and diversity embedded in Indonesian tourism regulations provide a strong foundation for developing Tourism Villages grounded in religious moderation. These principles are also aligned with the objectives of maqashid sharia, particularly the protection of religion (hifz al-din), wealth (hifz al-mal), and human life (hifz al-nafs).
Copyright (c) 2026 Kholis Firmansyah, Raha Bistara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Plant Variety Protection, Farmers’ Rights, and Agrarian Justice: An Islamic Socio-Legal Perspective on Agricultural Capitalization in Indonesia
The capitalization of the agricultural sector has transformed seed governance from community-based agricultural practices into industrial systems dominated by corporate interests and intellectual property regimes. In Indonesia, the implementation of Plant Variety Protection (PVP) under Law Number 29 of 2000 has generated significant challenges regarding farmers’ rights, local seed sustainability, and agrarian justice. This study aims to analyze the impact of agricultural capitalization on farmers’ rights and local seed systems, as well as to evaluate the implementation of the PVP regime from an Islamic socio-legal perspective. This research employs a normative-empirical legal method using an Islamic socio-legal approach. Primary legal materials consist of national and international regulations concerning plant variety protection, while secondary materials include scholarly literature, policy reports, and previous studies related to agricultural capitalization and seed governance. The findings indicate that the implementation of the PVP system remains dominated by corporations and formal research institutions, while smallholder farmers face structural barriers in accessing legal protection. Technical requirements, administrative complexity, and unequal institutional access contribute to the marginalization of traditional seed systems and increase farmers’ dependency on commercial seed markets. From an Islamic socio-legal perspective, the concentration of control over seeds raises concerns regarding distributive justice, public welfare (maṣlaḥah), and monopolistic practices (iḥtikār). This study argues that Indonesia’s PVP system requires substantial reform through a more inclusive legal framework that recognizes farmers’ rights, protects local seed systems, and balances innovation incentives with social justice and collective welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rheyna Hanny Laurencya, Ria Wierma Putri, Kasmawati Kasmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reinterpreting Presidential Educational Requirements in Indonesia: Constitutional Court Decision No. 87/PUU-XXIII/2025 from the Perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah
Constitutional Court Decision Number 87/PUU-XXIII/2025 concerning the minimum educational requirements for presidential and vice-presidential candidates has generated constitutional debate regarding the balance between democratic inclusiveness and leadership competency in Indonesia’s constitutional system. The decision rejected the petition seeking reinterpretation of Article 169 letter r of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, which requires candidates to possess at least a senior high school diploma or its equivalent. This study aims to analyze the juridical foundation of the Constitutional Court’s reasoning within the doctrine of open legal policy, examine its implications for constitutional loss and judicial review access, and evaluate the relevance of the minimum educational requirement from the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah. This research employs normative juridical methods with statute and conceptual approaches using constitutional regulations, court decisions, and Islamic political thought as primary analytical sources. The findings reveal that the Constitutional Court reaffirmed the doctrine of open legal policy and judicial restraint by emphasizing that the determination of educational qualifications for presidential candidates belongs to legislative authority as long as constitutional principles are preserved. The decision also strengthens the Court’s restrictive interpretation of constitutional loss by limiting judicial review access to applicants who can demonstrate direct constitutional injury. From the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah, however, the minimum educational requirement of senior high school graduation is considered substantively inadequate because it does not fully reflect the principle of kifayah ‘ilmiyyah emphasized by Al-Mawardi and may potentially undermine maslahah ‘ammah in contemporary governance. This study argues that leadership competency should be positioned as an important component of constitutional morality and public welfare within Indonesia’s constitutional democracy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anissa Rizqi Syafitri, Bobang Noorisnan Pelita, Ridwan Eko Prasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Economic Exploitation and Wali Adhal in Islamic Marriage: A Socio-Legal Study from Indramayu, Indonesia
This study examines the phenomenon of wali adhal in Islamic marriage through a socio-legal analysis of a case in Pilangsari Village, Indramayu, Indonesia. While previous studies have primarily focused on the legal aspects of guardianship refusal and judicial mechanisms for transferring guardianship authority, limited attention has been given to economic exploitation as a motive underlying marriage obstruction. This research aims to analyze how economic interests shape guardianship practices and influence women’s access to marriage and legal protection. Employing a qualitative empirical legal research design with a socio-legal approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis involving the prospective bride, prospective groom, lineage guardian, family members, community leaders, and officials from the local Office of Religious Affairs (KUA). The findings reveal that the guardian’s refusal to approve the marriage constituted wali adhal because it was not based on legitimate Islamic legal considerations but rather on economic motives, including financial demands and efforts to maintain long-standing economic benefits derived from the daughter’s income as an Indonesian migrant worker. The study further demonstrates that economic exploitation was reinforced by patriarchal authority and unequal family power relations, transforming guardianship from a protective institution into a mechanism of economic control. As a consequence, the prospective bride ultimately entered into an unregistered (sirri) marriage after mediation efforts failed. This study contributes to Islamic family law scholarship by introducing economic exploitation as an analytical framework for understanding contemporary manifestations of wali adhal and highlights the importance of strengthening legal literacy, improving access to justice, and enhancing institutional protection for women facing guardianship-related marriage obstruction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reza Fajri Hidayat, Achmad Kholiq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrating Waqf and Takaful: Developing the Inclusive Takaful Waqf Ecosystem (ITWE) in Indonesia
This study examines the development of waqf-based takaful products in Indonesia through the integration of an inclusive Islamic financial ecosystem. The research was motivated by the significant disparity between the enormous potential of national waqf assets and the limited utilization of takaful as a mechanism for protecting waqf properties from various risks. Employing a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, the study collected quantitative and qualitative data from key stakeholders in the Islamic insurance and waqf sectors, including sharia insurance companies, regulators, and waqf institutions. Data were analyzed using the Analytic Network Process integrated with Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (ANP-SWOT) analysis to identify strategic priorities and formulate an ecosystem-based development model. The findings reveal that regulatory support, the tabarru’ risk-sharing mechanism, and the increasing value of waqf assets constitute the most influential factors supporting the development of waqf-based takaful products. Conversely, the absence of dedicated waqf insurance products, limited institutional capacity, fragmented waqf data systems, and strong competition from conventional insurance providers remain significant challenges. Based on these findings, this study proposes the Inclusive Takaful Waqf Ecosystem (ITWE), an integrated framework that connects regulators, waqf institutions, takaful operators, religious authorities, donors, and beneficiaries within a collaborative financial ecosystem. The study contributes to the literature on Islamic financial ecosystems by demonstrating how Islamic social finance and Islamic commercial finance can be integrated to strengthen waqf asset protection, enhance Islamic financial inclusion, and support sustainable socio-economic development in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sutrimo Sutrimo, Ucu Cahyana, Ahmad Subagyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Symbolic Psycho-Sufism of Sunan Kalijaga in Serat Dewa Ruci: A Semiotic Analysis of Ferdinand de Saussure
Serat Dewa Ruci is one of the most significant works of Javanese Islamic literature, containing symbolic narratives that reflect the integration of local wisdom and Sufi teachings within the tradition of cultural da‘wah associated with Sunan Kalijaga. While previous studies have primarily examined the text from philosophical, cultural, and mystical perspectives, limited attention has been given to its symbolic structure as a system of psycho-sufistic meanings. This study aims to analyze the symbolic elements embedded in Serat Dewa Ruci using Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiotic theory and to interpret their meanings through a psycho-sufistic framework. Employing a qualitative library research design, the study examines symbolic episodes, characters, and narrative elements found in the text, focusing on the relationships between signifiers and signified meanings. The findings reveal six major symbols that structure Bima’s spiritual journey: Mount Candramuka, the Tribaksara Forest, Rukmuka and Rukmakala, the Dragon, the Ocean and tirta pawitra sari, and Dewa Ruci. Semiotic analysis demonstrates that these symbols form an interconnected system of meanings representing successive stages of spiritual development. Through a psycho-sufistic interpretation, the symbols are found to signify the strengthening of faith, awareness of human vulnerability, responsibility for worldly blessings, emotional regulation, the search for ultimate truth, and the attainment of divine self-knowledge. The study contributes to Islamic studies by demonstrating how symbolic narratives function as vehicles for transmitting spiritual teachings within Javanese Islamic culture. Furthermore, it offers a novel integration of Saussurean semiotics and psycho-sufistic analysis, providing a new perspective on the relationship between literature, spirituality, and cultural da‘wah in the intellectual legacy associated with Sunan Kalijaga.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agung Drajat Sucipto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DNA Testing in Determining the Lineage of Children Born Out of Wedlock: A Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah Perspective
The determination of lineage (nasab) for children born out of wedlock remains a contested issue in Islamic family law, particularly regarding the admissibility of DNA testing as legal evidence. This study examines the legal position of DNA testing in determining the lineage of children born out of wedlock and analyzes its implications from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This study employed normative legal research with descriptive-analytical characteristics using conceptual, statutory, and comparative approaches. Data were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively using inductive-deductive reasoning. The findings reveal that DNA testing possesses strong scientific validity in establishing biological relationships and may function as corroborative evidence in lineage determination. However, within Islamic law, DNA testing cannot independently establish nasab shar‘i, as legal lineage remains contingent upon lawful marriage. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, DNA testing supports the realization of ḥifẓ al-nasl (protection of lineage), ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life), and ḥifẓ al-‘irḍ (protection of dignity) by ensuring biological certainty, protecting children’s rights, reducing social stigma, and strengthening parental responsibility. Nevertheless, its application also presents potential risks, including genetic data misuse, privacy violations, and family conflict. This study concludes that the benefits of DNA testing outweigh its potential harms, provided that its implementation remains limited, legally regulated, and accompanied by strict protection of personal genetic data. Therefore, DNA testing should be positioned as a modern evidentiary instrument that supports the realization of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah without replacing the legal requirements of lineage recognized in Islamic law.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Arjati Firmansyah , Abd Rouf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Unifying Language: Traces of Tolerance and Social Harmony in Palopo City
Language plays a crucial role in building public awareness of the importance of tolerance, particularly amidst increasing cultural diversity and the potential for social friction in multicultural societies. Palopo City, a region with diverse ethnicities, languages, and social backgrounds, faces challenges in maintaining social harmony. This study aims to analyze the role of language in fostering tolerance and social harmony in the multicultural society of Palopo City. This study uses a qualitative approach with a field study method. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The object of the study is the practice of language use in social interactions among residents of Palopo City. Data validity was tested using data triangulation and source triangulation. Data analysis includes three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that language functions as a communication tool, a unifying instrument, a means of strengthening relationships, and a form of social empathy. The practices of code switching, code mixing, and language adjustment according to the social context strengthen interethnic solidarity and prevent misunderstandings. These findings confirm that adaptive, polite, and contextual language practices contribute to the creation of a tolerant and harmonious society in Palopo City. The community, educators, and community leaders in Palopo City need to implement adaptive, polite, and inclusive language practices as a primary strategy in strengthening tolerance and social harmony in a multicultural society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kartini Kartini, Bungawati Bungawati; Wahibah Wahibah; Ulfiyah Ulfiyah, Zainur Roziqin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Sharia Economic Law Analysis of the Sale and Purchase of Shared Premium Canva Accounts
This study aims to analyze the practice of buying and selling shared Canva Premium accounts from the perspective of Sharia Economic Law. The increasing demand for digital design tools has led to the emergence of account-sharing transactions, where premium access is resold by third-party sellers at lower prices. Although economically attractive, this practice raises legal and Sharia concerns related to contractual compliance, ownership of digital access rights, and the continuity of benefits.This research employs a qualitative approach using normative analysis of Islamic commercial law (fiqh muamalah) combined with an examination of digital transaction practices. The data were analyzed based on the principles of Sharia Economic Law, particularly the concepts of milk al-manfa'ah (ownership of benefits), gharar (uncertainty), darar (harm), and al-wafa' bi al-'aqd (fulfillment of contractual obligations).The findings indicate that shared Canva Premium account transactions may conceptually be understood as the transfer of digital benefits. However, such transactions are considered problematic due to contractual violations of platform terms, uncertainty regarding access continuity, and the risk of account suspension. These conditions introduce elements of gharar and potential harm, which undermine the validity of the transaction under Sharia principles.This study contributes to the development of contemporary Islamic commercial jurisprudence by highlighting the legal implications of digital subscription-based services. It also provides a critical perspective on the application of Sharia principles in evaluating modern digital economic practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sholehuddin Sholehuddin, Nurul Imamah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Developments and Research Trends in Psycholinguistics in Arabic Language Learning: A Systematic Literature Review
This study aims to analyze the developments and research trends in psycholinguistics within Arabic language learning through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The review examines scholarly publications related to Arabic language acquisition, cognitive processes, affective factors, instructional strategies, social learning environments, and technological integration in Arabic language education. Data were collected from relevant academic publications and analyzed using thematic synthesis to identify publication characteristics, dominant research themes, and their implications for Arabic language learning development. The findings reveal that psycholinguistic research in Arabic language learning has developed into an increasingly dynamic and interdisciplinary field. The dominant themes identified include language acquisition, cognitive processing, learning theories, affective factors, social environment, and communicative instructional strategies. The review indicates that successful Arabic language learning is not solely determined by vocabulary mastery and grammatical competence but is also strongly influenced by learners’ cognitive readiness, emotional conditions, social interactions, and opportunities for meaningful communication. Furthermore, recent research trends demonstrate growing attention to learner-centered approaches, communicative learning, psychologically supportive environments, and technology-enhanced instruction. This study highlights the importance of designing adaptive and integrated Arabic language learning that accommodates learners’ cognitive, affective, and social characteristics. Future studies are recommended to strengthen empirical evidence through experimental, quantitative, mixed-method, and longitudinal research designs to examine the influence of psycholinguistic factors on Arabic language learning outcomes more comprehensively
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Hidayatullah, Moch. Fajarul Falah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Ethics of the Judicial Profession in Islamic Law: A Normative Study of Judicial Integrity and Professional Responsibility
Judicial ethics constitutes a fundamental pillar in ensuring justice, integrity, and accountability within legal systems. In Islamic teachings, the judicial profession is regarded as an amanah (trust) that requires judges to uphold ethical and moral principles in carrying out their duties. This study aims to analyze the ethical principles that guide judicial conduct from an Islamic perspective and to examine their relevance to contemporary judicial professionalism. This study employed a normative juridical approach using statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were collected through library research from legal regulations, Islamic legal sources, academic books, and scholarly journal articles, and were analyzed qualitatively through descriptive and thematic analysis. The findings reveal that Islamic judicial ethics is fundamentally grounded in the prophetic values of shidiq (truthfulness), amanah (trustworthiness), tabligh (transparency), fatanah (competence and wisdom), and istiqamah (consistency). These ethical values provide a comprehensive framework for judicial conduct by integrating moral integrity, professional responsibility, and spiritual accountability. The study further finds that Islamic judicial ethics contributes significantly to the realization of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah through the protection of rights, prevention of injustice, and promotion of social welfare. Moreover, Islamic judicial ethics demonstrates substantial compatibility with contemporary judicial standards, particularly the principles of independence, impartiality, integrity, accountability, equality, and competence reflected in the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct. This study concludes that Islamic judicial ethics remains highly relevant as a normative and practical framework for strengthening judicial professionalism, enhancing public trust, and improving judicial governance in contemporary legal systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ferry Irawan Febriansyah, Yogi Prasetyo, Ulya Shafa Firdausi, Maulana Paramaditya Ananta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Comparative Study of Wasiat Wajibah in Indonesia, Egypt, and Pakistan from the Perspective of Maqashid al-Sharia
The wasiat wajibah is a form of reform in Islamic inheritance law that has evolved to provide protection to family members who do not receive their rights under the classical inheritance system. This study aims to analyze the regulations governing wasiat wajibah in Indonesia, Egypt, and Pakistan and to assess their relevance as an instrument of family protection from the perspective of the maqashid al-sharia. This study employs a normative legal method using legislative, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches. Legal materials were obtained from legislation, legal literature, and scholarly articles, which were analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that all three countries share the same objective to provide economic protection to family members who may lose their rights due to the application of the classical inheritance system but employ different mechanisms. Indonesia regulates the mandatory bequest for adopted children and adoptive parents through Article 209 of the Compilation of Islamic Law; Egypt grants a mandatory bequest to grandchildren who are barred from receiving an inheritance through Qanun al-Wasiyyah No. 71 of 1946; while Pakistan implements a system of heir representation through Article 4 of the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance of 1961. From the perspective of maqashid al-sharia, these three models are oriented toward the protection of descendants (hifz al-nasl) and the protection of property (hifz al-mal), thereby demonstrating that Islamic inheritance law possesses the flexibility to achieve justice and the public interest in accordance with the needs of society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tamimatun Nihayah Tamimatun Nihayah, Abd Rouf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Legal Problems of Gold-Indexed Land Pawn Practices in the Perspective of Islamic Economic Law: An Empirical Study in Tlonto Ares Village, Pamekasan Regency
This study examines the practice of gold-indexed land pawning in Tlonto Ares Village, Pamekasan Regency, and analyzes its compatibility with the principles of Islamic Economic Law. The study addresses an important gap in the literature, as existing research on land pawn transactions has primarily focused on collateral utilization and the general legality of rahn, while limited attention has been given to gold-based debt valuation in rural community transactions. This research employs an empirical legal method with a qualitative socio-juridical approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving pledgors (rahin), pledge holders (murtahin), religious leaders, community figures, and village officials. The findings reveal that land is used as collateral, while the debt value is converted into a specific quantity of gold at the time of contract formation and repayment is adjusted according to prevailing gold prices at redemption. During the contract period, the pledge holder also retains control over and benefits from the pledged land. The study identifies a dual-benefit structure in which the pledge holder gains both economic protection through gold indexation and additional benefits from land utilization. From the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, this practice partially supports the objective of wealth protection (ḥifẓ al-māl) by preserving the real value of debt. However, it also raises significant concerns regarding riba, gharar, contractual imbalance, and potential economic exploitation. Viewed through the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, the practice reflects a tension between wealth protection and the realization of justice (al-‘adālah) and public welfare (maslahah). This study contributes to Islamic Economic Law scholarship by demonstrating that the legal assessment of community-based pawn transactions must extend beyond formal contractual validity to include substantive justice, proportional benefit distribution, and broader socio-economic welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rian Hidayatullah, Mohammad Mahmudi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Transformation of Darussalam Islamic Boarding School in Garut (1986–2021): Institutional, Educational, and Social Aspects
This study examines the transformation of Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Kersamanah, Garut, from 1986 to 2021 as a dynamic process of institutional adaptation within contemporary Islamic education in Indonesia. This study addresses an important gap in pesantren studies, as previous research has largely focused on general modernization trends, while limited attention has been given to longitudinal historical analyses of pesantren transformation using institutional perspectives. This research employs a historical method involving heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data were collected from archival documents, institutional records, internal publications, and interviews with key informants. Talcott Parsons’ structural-functional theory was employed as the analytical framework to examine how pesantren adapt to changing social and educational environments while maintaining institutional continuity. The findings reveal that the transformation of Pondok Pesantren Darussalam occurred through three major phases: the pioneering phase (1986–1995), the consolidation phase (1996–2008), and the expansion phase (2009–2021). The transformation involved three major dimensions: institutional transformation, educational transformation, and social transformation. The findings show that Darussalam successfully evolved from a relatively small pesantren into a modern Islamic educational institution through governance restructuring, educational innovation, infrastructure expansion, digital adaptation, and economic strengthening. Despite significant modernization, the pesantren maintained its core identity through the preservation of Islamic values, discipline, classical Islamic scholarship, and character formation. This study demonstrates that pesantren transformation in contemporary Indonesia should be understood as a multidimensional process involving adaptation, continuity, modernization, and institutional sustainability. The study contributes to broader discussions on pesantren studies and Islamic education by offering a structural-functional perspective for understanding the transformation of Islamic educational institutions in modern Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Akbar Rahman Hakim, Ajid Thohir , Fathia Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Historical Development of Muhammad Arkoun's Thought on the Sacred and the Profane in Islamic Thought
This study examines Muhammad Arkoun’s thought on the sacred and the profane in Islamic thought and analyzes how these categories shape the historical development of Islamic intellectual traditions. The study is motivated by the persistent epistemological problem in Muslim societies, particularly the tendency to conflate divine revelation with human interpretations, which has contributed to the sacralization of intellectual products, the formation of orthodoxy, and the narrowing of critical inquiry. While previous studies on Arkoun have largely focused on his critique of Islamic reason and hermeneutics, limited attention has been given to the sacred-profane dialectic as a historical structure in Islamic thought. This study employs qualitative library research using historical-intellectual and philosophical approaches. Primary data were obtained from Muhammad Arkoun’s major works, while secondary data consisted of books, journal articles, and other relevant scholarly sources. Data were analyzed using content analysis through thematic, historical, and philosophical interpretation. The findings reveal that Arkoun firmly distinguishes between the sacred, which originates from divine revelation and prophetic experience, and the profane, which consists of human interpretations and socio-historical constructions. The study also shows that the transition from the Qur’anic fact to the Islamic fact marked a crucial transformation in Islamic intellectual history, contributing to the emergence of orthodoxy, sacralization, and epistemological rigidity. Furthermore, social actors such as religious scholars, political authorities, and reformist movements played significant roles in shaping the dynamics of Islamic thought. This study concludes that Arkoun’s Applied Islamology offers an important framework for reconstructing contemporary Islamic thought through a more critical, historical, and contextual approach.
Copyright (c) 2026 Masdani, Wira Purawata, Ahmad Sirojul Hakiki, Zamroni, Heri Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Hadith Transmission and Cultural Dissemination in the Indonesian Archipelago: The Role of Maulid al-Diba’i
This study examines the historical development of hadith transmission and its cultural dissemination in the Indonesian Archipelago through the Maulid al-Diba’i tradition. While hadith has historically been transmitted through formal scholarly mechanisms such as talaqqī, sanad verification, and codification, its dissemination has also developed through devotional and cultural practices embedded in Muslim communal life. This study aims to analyze the transmission of hadith from the early Islamic period to its cultural adaptation in Nusantara, with particular focus on the role of Maulid al-Diba’i as a medium of hadith-related dissemination. This research employs a qualitative library research design using a descriptive-thematic content analysis approach. Primary data were drawn from the text of Maulid al-Diba’i, while secondary sources included classical hadith literature, studies on hadith transmission, and scholarship on living hadith and Islamic cultural traditions in Indonesia. The findings reveal that hadith transmission initially developed through direct oral learning, memorization, and communal teaching during the prophetic era, later evolving into more structured scholarly verification through sanad criticism and codification. In the Indonesian Archipelago, hadith dissemination expanded beyond formal scholarly institutions through cultural and devotional practices. The Maulid al-Diba’i functions as an important medium for transmitting hadith-related content concerning the Prophet’s lineage, virtues, moral excellence, and life journey through oral recitation, ritual performance, and communal participation. This study concludes that the Maulid al-Diba’i serves as a bridge between classical hadith tradition and lived Muslim religiosity, demonstrating that cultural adaptation constitutes an effective and legitimate pathway for preserving and disseminating prophetic teachings across generations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Iqbal, Muhammad Al Mighwar, Engkos Kosasih, Irwan Abdurrohman, Tajul Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Legal Analysis of the BPJS Kesehatan Memorandum of Agreement and the Protection of Emergency Patients' Rights
Emergency care is a fundamental health service that must be provided immediately without administrative or financial delays to protect the rights to health and life. However, within the implementation of Indonesia's National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, JKN), the BPJS Kesehatan Memorandum of Agreement (Berita Acara Kesepakatan, BAK), which serves as a guideline for claims settlement, may influence the delivery of emergency care. This study aims to analyze the legal implications of the BAK for the provision of emergency care under Indonesian positive law and to examine it from the perspective of Islamic law. This study employed normative legal research using statutory and case approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed using a prescriptive legal approach based on grammatical, systematic, and teleological interpretation, complemented by an analysis grounded in the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. The findings indicate that several provisions of the BAK, particularly those concerning Death on Arrival (DOA) claims and internal consultations, have the potential to shift the nature of the therapeutic obligation from inspanningverbintenis (obligation of best efforts) to resultaatsverbintenis (obligation of results), creating disharmony with the legal framework governing emergency care and undermining the principle of balance in the legal relationship between BPJS Kesehatan and hospitals. From the perspective of Islamic law, these restrictions are inconsistent with the principles of ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life), maṣlaḥah (public interest), and lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār (no harm and no reciprocating harm), all of which recognize the protection of human life as a primary objective of Islamic law. Therefore, harmonization of BPJS Kesehatan's administrative policies with Indonesia's health law framework is necessary to ensure legal certainty, justice, and optimal protection of patient safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Willy Johan, Nanik Sutarni, Tegar Harbriyana Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Prewedding Practices as Premarital Behavior in Muslim Society: An Analysis of Tafsir Al-Misbah on Qur’an 17:32
This study examines prewedding practices as a form of premarital behavior in Tarapung Raya Village, South Tapanuli Regency, and analyzes their ethical implications through the perspective of Tafsir Al-Misbah on QS. Al-Isra’ verse 32. This study addresses an important gap in existing scholarship, as previous studies have largely discussed prewedding practices from general Islamic legal perspectives, while limited attention has been given to empirical analysis grounded in Qur’anic ethics, particularly in rural Muslim communities. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation involving couples who conducted prewedding photography, religious leaders, and community figures. The findings reveal that prewedding photography has become increasingly normalized as part of contemporary wedding culture, influenced by modernization, digital visual culture, and changing social trends. The practice is no longer viewed merely as wedding documentation but also as a medium for romantic expression, emotional intimacy, and social prestige. The findings further indicate that prewedding sessions commonly involve physical interactions such as holding hands, hugging, close body positioning, and forehead kissing between unmarried couples. From the perspective of Tafsir Al-Misbah on QS. Al-Isra’ verse 32, such interactions may be categorized as behaviors approaching zina (muqaddimat al-zina) because they potentially cross Islamic ethical boundaries concerning modesty, physical interaction, and moral restraint. The study demonstrates that the ethical evaluation of prewedding practices cannot be based solely on social normalization or cultural acceptance. Instead, such practices must be assessed through Islamic preventive ethics that emphasize dignity, self-control, and the avoidance of behaviors potentially leading to moral transgression. This study contributes to contemporary Islamic studies by highlighting the tension between modern visual culture and Islamic morality, while offering a Qur’anic ethical framework for critically evaluating emerging social practices in Muslim communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Minta Ito Dongoran, Uqbatul Khoir Rambe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Enforcement of the Advocate Code of Ethics Against Legal Misconduct by Advocates: A Perspective of Amanah and Justice Principles in Islamic Law
Advocates occupy a strategic position as law enforcers and play a crucial role in ensuring access to justice, protecting legal rights, and maintaining the integrity of judicial processes. However, the increasing involvement of advocates in legal misconduct, including bribery, corruption, document forgery, breaches of confidentiality, conflicts of interest, and obstruction of justice, has raised serious concerns regarding professional integrity and ethical accountability. This study aims to analyze the enforcement of the Advocate Code of Ethics against advocates who commit legal misconduct and to evaluate such enforcement through the principles of amanah (trustworthiness) and al-‘adl (justice) in Islamic law. This study employed normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and Islamic law approaches. The research relied on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through an extensive literature review and analyzed using qualitative legal analysis. The findings reveal that although ethical enforcement in Indonesia is supported by a relatively comprehensive legal framework through Law Number 18 of 2003 and the Indonesian Advocate Code of Ethics, its implementation remains constrained by weak disciplinary supervision, inconsistent sanctions, limited transparency, institutional fragmentation among advocate organizations, and the separation between ethical accountability and criminal liability. From the perspective of Islamic law, legal misconduct committed by advocates reflects a failure to uphold the principles of amanah and justice, which constitute the moral foundation of professional integrity. This study offers an integrative analytical framework that combines positive law and Islamic legal ethics to evaluate ethical enforcement and argues that strengthening advocate professionalism requires not only regulatory compliance but also the internalization of trustworthiness, fairness, accountability, and justice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dimas abdurochim abdurochim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Methodology of Takhrīj and Legal Inference on the Practice of Qunūt in the Fajr Prayer: A Comparative Study of Ibn Ḥajar and al-Zaylaʿī
Qunut shubuh (the supplication recited in the dawn prayer) remains a debated issue in Islamic jurisprudence, and disagreement over its legal status stems from differences in how hadith scholars evaluate the traditions cited as evidence. This study aims to comparatively analyze the takhrij (hadith verification) methodology and legal reasoning (istinbath al-hukm) employed by Al-Zayla'i in Naṣb al-Rāyah and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in Talkhīṣ al-Ḥabīr regarding hadiths on qunut shubuh, while identifying the epistemological patterns underlying their differences. This research is a qualitative library-based study, with the two takhrij works serving as primary data, analyzed through content analysis for the takhrij dimension and a comparative-analytical (tahlili-muqaran) approach for the legal-reasoning dimension. The findings show that both works engage in critical evaluation of the hadith chains related to qunut shubuh, yet display different epistemological styles in handling the results of that evaluation. Al-Zayla'i adopts a dialectical-cumulative approach, gathering arguments from conflicting authorities without rendering a firm personal verdict, which produces an open and context-dependent legal conclusion leaning toward understanding qunut shubuh within the context of qunut nazilah (situational supplication). Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, by contrast, adopts an evaluative-declarative approach, explicitly and directly grading the reliability of each chain, which results in a legal conclusion structured hierarchically according to the strength of the transmission. This study concludes that the distinction between the two works lies not in the presence or absence of critical evaluation, but in the epistemological style of managing its outcomes suggesting that the ongoing legal disagreement over qunut shubuh can be understood as the consequence of two distinct yet equally valid epistemological paradigms within the tradition of Hadith Sciences.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ilham Alfaiz, Dr. Muhammad Al Mighwar, M.Ag., Dr. Engkos Kosasih, Lc., M.Ag.; Dr. Irwan Abdurrohman, M.Ag.; Prof. Dr. Tajul Arifin, M.A https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perspective of the Indonesian Ministry of Religion's Interpretation of the Verse about Gharimin: Examining Online Loans in the Framework of Hifdz al-Mal
This study aims to analyze the concept of gharimin in Surah At-Taubah verse 60 according to the Qur’anic Exegesis of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia and to examine its relevance to the phenomenon of online lending from the perspective of hifẓ al-māl (the protection of wealth). This study employed a qualitative approach using library research. Primary data were obtained from Al-Qur’an dan Tafsirnya, published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, while secondary data were derived from Qur’anic exegesis books, scholarly books, journal articles, regulations, and relevant literature on zakat, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, and online lending. The data were analyzed using content analysis through a thematic exegesis approach. The findings indicate that gharimin refers to individuals who are burdened by debt and unable to repay it for reasons recognized by Islamic law. The Ministry of Religious Affairs’ interpretation identifies gharimin as eligible recipients of zakat who should be assisted in alleviating economic hardship and preserving their dignity. This concept is relevant to individuals trapped in online lending due to urgent needs, high interest rates and penalties, and limited financial literacy. Within the framework of hifẓ al-māl, zakat functions not only as a means of debt relief but also as a preventive instrument through financial literacy, economic empowerment, social solidarity, and the development of Islamic financing. Therefore, the interpretation of the verse concerning gharimin may serve as a normative foundation for protecting society from the economic consequences of digital debt and for promoting justice, public welfare, and economic resilience.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Anggraini, Sukiman Sukiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Formation of the Integral Human Being from the Perspective of Consciousness: Ibn Sina and Santiago Ramón y Cajal
The formation of the integral human being requires an understanding of biological, intellectual, spiritual, and moral dimensions. However, studies integrating Islamic philosophy and modern neuroscience in explaining this formation remain limited. This study examines the concepts of consciousness proposed by Ibn Sina and Santiago Ramón y Cajal and formulates a conceptual synthesis for integral human development. Using library research with a comparative approach, the study analyzes Ibn Sina’s Aḥwāl al-Nafs and Al-Najāh, alongside Cajal’s Texture of the Nervous System of Man and the Vertebrates and Advice for a Young Investigator. Data were analyzed through concept identification, classification, comparison, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings show that Ibn Sina understands consciousness as a manifestation of the soul (al-nafs) actualized through intellect (al-‘aql) toward intellectual, spiritual, and moral maturity. In contrast, Cajal explains consciousness through neuronal organization, the nervous system, and neuroplasticity as the biological basis of cognition. These perspectives are complementary, producing a model of integral human formation that unifies biological, intellectual, spiritual, and moral dimensions. This study contributes to interdisciplinary scholarship and provides a holistic foundation for education, character development, and future human-development research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmad Ramadhan, Ridha Ahida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Madrasah Politics and Transnational Educational Networks in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Literature Review
Madrasahs are among the Islamic educational institutions that have experienced significant development in Southeast Asia over the past two decades. These changes have taken place alongside increasing state involvement in the governance of Islamic education, curriculum transformation, and the strengthening of transnational networks connecting Islamic educational institutions in the region with the broader Muslim world. In this context, madrasahs function as arenas of interaction between state policies, religious identity, and the dynamics of globalization in Islamic education. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of madrasah politics and the forms of transnationalism that influence the development of Islamic education in Southeast Asia. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. Data were collected from the Scopus database and thematically analyzed across 19 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate that madrasah politics in Southeast Asia primarily focus on institutional regulation, curriculum reform, the integration of Islamic education into national education systems, and the construction of Muslim identity. Meanwhile, the dimension of transnationalism is reflected in curriculum transfer, ulama mobility, the strengthening of Arabic language instruction, the internationalization of Islamic education, and the diffusion of educational models across countries. The study concludes that the development of madrasahs in Southeast Asia is shaped by the dynamic interaction between state policies, the needs of Muslim communities, and global Islamic educational networks. Madrasahs serve as key institutions in shaping the direction of Islamic education that is responsive to social, national, and global dynamics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wastuti, Muljono Damopolii, Muchammad Eka Mahmud, Awaluddin Hidayatulloh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Dynamics of Hadith Teaching and Practice in Indonesia: A Historical and Social Study
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Aries Pratama, Muhammad Al Mighwar, Engkos Kosasih, Irwan Abdurrohman, Tajul Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strengthening Teacher Work Culture through Positive Discipline Strategy at SD Negeri 004 Balikpapan City
This study aims to describe strategies for strengthening positive discipline in improving teachers’ work culture at SD Negeri 004 Balikpapan City. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. The participants consisted of the vice principal and teachers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive model of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that positive discipline is implemented through leadership role modeling, continuous supervision, effective communication, habituation of a positive work culture, and teachers’ professional development programs. These strategies contribute to improving teachers’ motivation, professionalism, collaboration, and sense of responsibility in performing their duties. Although several challenges were identified, including resistance to change among some teachers and high administrative workloads, the school consistently implemented guidance and strengthened internal communication to support improvement. Overall, the study concludes that positive discipline is an effective managerial strategy for fostering a professional, collaborative, and conducive teacher work culture in elementary schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arumwati, Dwi Sulisworo, Muhammad Zuhaery https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Concept of Boycott and Its Relevance to QS. Al-Ma'idah/5:2 from the Perspective of Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka
This study aims to analyze the concept of boycott and its relevance to Qur’an Surah Al-Mā’idah (5):2 from the perspective of Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka. The study employed a qualitative approach using library research. The primary data consisted of Qur’an Surah Al-Mā’idah (5):2 and Tafsir Al-Azhar, while secondary data were obtained from books, journal articles, and other relevant literature. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed using content analysis and descriptive-interpretative analysis. The findings indicate that Qur’an Surah Al-Mā’idah (5):2 contains a command to cooperate in righteousness and piety and a prohibition against cooperation in sin and hostility. From Hamka’s perspective, these principles encompass both social relations and economic activities. A boycott may be understood as a form of moral responsibility and humanitarian solidarity when it seeks to reduce support for injustice, is conducted peacefully, is based on valid information, and takes public benefit into consideration. This study emphasizes that boycott is not merely an economic action but also has ethical, social, and spiritual dimensions. The novelty of this study lies in integrating the concept of boycott, the principle of ta‘āwun (mutual cooperation), and the perspective of Tafsir Al-Azhar as a framework for contemporary boycott ethics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elpi Dayanti Siregar, Muhammad Hidayat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Concept of Qanaah as a Coping Strategy in Islamic Guidance and Counseling for Family Economic Stress
This study aims to analyze the concept of qana'ah as a coping strategy within Islamic guidance and counseling in addressing family financial stress. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach utilizing a literature review method. The subjects of this study comprise scientific literature published between 2021 and 2026. Data collection techniques involve evaluating theories and research findings, alongside analyzing various publications relevant to the research problem. The findings indicate that qana'ah is classified as a form of emotion-focused coping that effectively supports individuals in managing emotional distress by fostering emotional stability, reinforcing the meaning of life, and enhancing gratitude. The integration of qana'ah values into the Islamic guidance and counseling process can be implemented through bibliotherapy and reframing techniques, which serve as a form of spiritual-based cognitive restructuring. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of qana'ah as a coping strategy to resolve family financial stress, an area that remains minimally explored in previous literature. Consequently, these implications suggest that Islamic guidance and counseling professionals can develop more holistic interventions by blending psychological approaches with spiritual values. This synthesis aims to enhance inner emotional strength and psychological well-being among families experiencing financial hardship.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Syaiful Muiz, Rada Walimatul Mabruroh, Hendrik Sulistiawati, Ribut Nila Indriani, Chandra Duwita Ela Pradana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Development of Child Education Salman ITB 1984-2000
This study examines the history and development of Pembinaan Anak-Anak Salman, Institut Teknologi Bandung (PAS ITB), spanning from 1984 to 2000. This non-profit child education organization emerged from the initiative of ITB college students during the New Order era to coordinate children's activities around the Salman Mosque, ensuring they did not disrupt the congregation's prayers. Utilizing the historical research method—encompassing heuristics, source criticism (external and internal), interpretation, and historiography—this study analyzes the organizational structural dynamics through the lens of Edgar Schein’s Organizational Culture Theory and Talcott Parsons’ Structural Functionalism (AGIL framework). The findings reveal that between 1984 and 1994, PAS ITB underwent substantial institutional strengthening as an official unit of the Salman Mosque, driven by innovations in work programs, volunteer management, and infrastructure development. However, during the 1994–2000 period, the organization began encountering declines in student volunteer interest due to the relocation of a major partner university campus, stricter academic graduation policies, and the rapid growth of competing Islamic afternoon schools (TPA). Nevertheless, the synergy between the transmission of fundamental student dawah assumptions and robust structural governance successfully preserved PAS ITB's existence as an agent of social and religious change in the Ganesha Street area of Bandung.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rofifah Ridha Nur’Adni, Yasmina Wikan Astri, Widiati Isana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Cultivating Students’ Character through Security Governance, Discipline, and Habituation in Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri 3
Character education has become a strategic priority in contemporary education, particularly within Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), which provide a holistic environment for students' moral, social, and spiritual development. This study aims to examine how students’ character is cultivated through the integration of security governance, institutional discipline, and habituation at Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri 3. Employing a qualitative ethnographic approach, the research was conducted over six months involving participant observation, semi-structured interviews with institutional leaders, dormitory supervisors, OPPM Security Division members, student leaders, and students, as well as document analysis. The data were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis integrated with ethnographic interpretation. The findings reveal that security governance functions not merely as a disciplinary mechanism but as an educational governance system that fosters responsibility, accountability, and leadership through continuous supervision and peer-led organizational practices. Institutional discipline provides structured routines that encourage self-regulation, while habituation internalizes moral values through repetitive educational and religious activities. The interaction of these three dimensions produces a sustainable process of value internalization that shapes students' responsibility, integrity, independence, leadership, and self-control. This study proposes an integrated governance-based model of character cultivation, demonstrating that security governance serves as the connecting mechanism linking institutional discipline and habituation within the twenty-four-hour educational ecosystem of the pesantren. The findings contribute theoretically to the discourse on governance-based character education and offer practical implications for strengthening student character through organizational culture and experiential learning in Islamic educational institutions.
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Nabila Zaty Shakila, Rahmania Eliza, Ulfi Azizia Maulana, Syarifah Syarifah, Nurus Salis Alamin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Siyasah Dusturiyyah Perspective on Personal Data Protection in Digital Public Services in Bandung Kidul District, Bandung City, Under Law Number 27 of 2022
This study examines the implementation of personal data protection in digital public services at Bandung Kidul District, Bandung City, based on Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection from the perspective of Siyāsah Dustūriyyah. The research employs an empirical juridical approach using a case study method with a descriptive, analytical, and evaluative design. The findings indicate that Bandung Kidul District has implemented personal data protection through standard operating procedures (SOPs) for data management, awareness programs for government personnel, the provision of information to the public prior to data collection, and mitigation procedures in the event of a data breach. However, the implementation has not yet been fully effective due to several constraints, including limited technological infrastructure, budgetary resources, and human resource capacity. From the perspective of Siyāsah Dustūriyyah, personal data protection constitutes part of the government's fiduciary responsibility (amanah) to safeguard the public interest (maslahah) and to protect citizens' dignity and property. Therefore, strengthening technical regulations, enhancing the capacity of government officials, and providing adequate supporting infrastructure are essential to ensure the effective implementation of personal data protection at the district level..
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Pandu Wijakasana, Yana Sutiana , Taufiq Alamsyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 on the Prevention and Eradication of Narcotics Abuse and Illicit Trafficking of Narcotics and Narcotics Precursors: A Siyasah Dusturiyah Perspective
Bandung City is one of the regions with the highest rate of narcotics abuse vulnerability in West Java, marked by a continuously rising trend of cases. The Bandung City Government responded to this condition through Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning P4GNPN, particularly Article 15, which governs prevention efforts through socialization, community empowerment, and cross-sector coordination. This study analyzes the implementation of Article 15 using George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory, measures its effectiveness through Soerjono Soekanto's legal effectiveness theory, and examines its conformity with the principle of siyasah dusturiyah, employing an empirical juridical approach based on interviews and observations of Kesbangpol, the Regional Legal Bureau, community leaders, religious scholars, and academics. The findings show that implementation has proceeded with a fairly positive public response, although its effectiveness remains constrained by limited budget, weak inter-agency (OPD) coordination, discontinuity of the program, insufficient sanctions, and restricted access to data. From the perspective of siyasah dusturiyah, this policy holds strong legitimacy as it aligns with the principle of tasharruf al-imam 'ala ar-ra'iyyah manuthun bi al-mashlahah and the objectives of maqashid al-syari'ah, particularly hifz al-nafs and hifz al-'aql.
Copyright (c) 2026 Miftah Nurrahmat, Jujun Jamaludin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Milk in the Qur’an: Hamka’s Interpretation of Surah An-Nahl Verse 66 in Tafsir Al-Azhar
This study analyzes the concept of milk in the Qur’an through Hamka’s interpretation in Tafsir Al-Azhar, with particular emphasis on Surah An-Nahl verse 66. It employs qualitative library research and combines thematic exegesis with scientific exegesis. The primary data are drawn from Hamka’s commentary on Surah An-Nahl verse 66 and related Qur’anic passages, while the secondary data comprise exegetical works, hadith collections, and literature on animal biology and modern nutrition. The data were analyzed through close reading, thematic classification, interpretive reconstruction, and comparison with established scientific accounts. The findings show that Hamka understands milk as an ‘ibrah that reveals Allah’s creative power and wisdom through an ordered biological process. The phrase labanan khalisan emphasizes that milk emerges as a pure and palatable substance despite its physiological relationship with digested matter and blood. Contemporary biology clarifies this process through digestion, nutrient absorption, blood circulation, hormonal regulation, and mammary-gland activity. Nutritional research further identifies milk as a source of protein, calcium, phosphorus, fats, vitamins, and minerals that support growth and health. These scientific explanations clarify the natural phenomenon referenced by the verse without replacing its theological and ethical purposes. The study contributes a three-layered framework that integrates the theological, biological, and health-related meanings of milk in the Qur’an.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wahyu Apriandi Batubara, Syahrin Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Determination of National Disaster Status under Law Number 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management: An Analysis from the Perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah
This study is motivated by the ambiguity of Article 7 paragraph (2) of Law Number 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management, which stipulates five indicators for determining national disaster status namely the number of casualties, property losses, damage to infrastructure, the extent of affected areas, and socio-economic impacts without providing binding quantitative thresholds. This normative ambiguity grants excessively broad executive discretion and has resulted in inconsistent treatment of major disaster events in Indonesia. The study aims to analyze the application of attributed authority in determining national disaster status, examine the procedures for establishing disaster indicators under Law Number 24 of 2007, and assess the issue from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches with a descriptive-analytical design. Data were analyzed using the interactive model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The findings reveal that the President's authority to declare a national disaster derives from constitutionally attributed powers inherent to the office; however, such authority is not supported by an adequate disaster risk governance mechanism. Consequently, the risk assessment process becomes disconnected from the risk evaluation stage due to the absence of binding quantitative parameters. From the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah, such attributed authority is justifiable as a mandate to safeguard public welfare (maslahah). Nevertheless, without objective standards, it lies on a delicate boundary between legitimate ijtihad and arbitrary executive discretion. This study concludes that the ambiguity of the indicators set forth in Article 7 paragraph (2) constitutes a systemic deficiency in Indonesia's disaster governance framework. It therefore recommends reformulating the provision by establishing clear, measurable, and accountable quantitative thresholds to strengthen legal certainty, transparency, and accountability in determining national disaster status.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fidya Rizka Meylanti, Chaerul Shaleh , Taufiq Alamsyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Living Qur’an Study of the Philanthropic Programs of Dompet Dhuafa Waspada North Sumatra
This study examines the implementation of Qur’anic values in the philanthropic programs of Dompet Dhuafa Waspada North Sumatra through the perspective of Living Qur’an. This research uses a qualitative method with a Living Qur’an approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with the head of Dompet Dhuafa Waspada North Sumatra, while secondary data were collected from documentation, official institutional publications, books, journal articles, and other academic sources. The data were analyzed descriptively through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the educational, health, economic empowerment, and humanitarian programs implemented by Dompet Dhuafa Waspada North Sumatra represent the actualization of Qur’anic values in social life. Educational programs reflect the value of knowledge, health programs represent the protection of human life, economic empowerment programs encourage effort and independence, while humanitarian programs express social care and generosity. These findings indicate that Qur’anic values are not only understood normatively but are also practiced through philanthropic activities that provide direct benefits to society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ade Mahri Kurniawan Rambe, Mardhiah Abbas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Alcoholic Beverage Supervision and Control for Minors under Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2024 from the Perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah
The circulation and consumption of alcoholic beverages among minors have become a significant public policy issue due to their adverse effects on health, cognitive development, and social order. In response to this problem, the Bandung City Government enacted Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2024 concerning the Supervision and Control of Alcoholic Beverages as a legal instrument to regulate distribution, restrict access, and enhance the protection of children. This study aims to analyze the supervision and control mechanisms for alcoholic beverages affecting minors under Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2024, identify the supporting and inhibiting factors influencing its implementation, and examine the regulation from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah. This research employs a normative juridical method using a statutory approach, complemented by empirical data collected through interviews and field observations. The data were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive analysis based on legal materials, statutory interpretation, and the principles of fiqh siyasah. The findings reveal that the supervision mechanism has been implemented through age restrictions for consumers, limitations on sales locations, the establishment of a Supervision and Control Team, enforcement by the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP), the application of administrative and criminal sanctions, and community participation. The effectiveness of these measures is supported by a clear legal framework, inter-agency coordination, and public involvement. However, implementation remains constrained by the circulation of illegal alcoholic beverages, limited institutional resources, and inadequate supervision of digital distribution channels. From the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah, the regulation reflects the responsibility of ulil amri (legitimate authority) to promote public welfare (maslahah) through the protection of intellect (hifzh al-'aql), life (hifzh al-nafs), and progeny (hifzh al-nasl). The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of the implementation of Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2024 by integrating the perspectives of Siyasah Dusturiyah and maqashid al-shari'ah with a specific focus on the protection of minors, supported by empirical findings from the field. This study contributes to the development of Siyasah Dusturiyah within the field of Islamic constitutional law while providing practical recommendations for strengthening local government policies on the supervision and control of alcoholic beverages.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irfan Gumelar Ramadhan, Ending Solehudin, Bobang Noorisnan Pelita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Factors Underlying Prophet Ayyub’s Success in Facing Trials: An Analysis of Surah Shad Verses 41–44 in Ibn Kathir’s Tafsir
This study examines the factors underlying Prophet Ayyub’s success in enduring severe trials based on Ibn Kathir’s interpretation of Surah Shad verses 41–44 and explores their relevance to contemporary Muslim life. Previous studies have generally focused on patience, moral education, and psychological resilience, while the interrelationship between supplication, obedience, and the quality of awwab has received limited attention. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive-analytical library research design using the tahlili method of Qur’anic interpretation. The primary sources were the Qur’an, particularly Surah Shad verses 41–44, and volume seven of Tafsir Ibn Kathir. Relevant books, journal articles, theses, and previous studies served as secondary sources. Data were collected through documentation, validated through source criticism and literature triangulation, and analyzed by describing Ibn Kathir’s interpretation, identifying significant statements, classifying the findings into central themes, and contextualizing their contemporary relevance. The findings reveal three interrelated factors. First, sincere supplication demonstrates Prophet Ayyub’s complete dependence on Allah without turning prayer into a demand. Second, obedience to divine commands represents active effort accompanied by trust in Allah. Third, the quality of awwab reflects his continual return and submission to Allah during both hardship and recovery. These findings demonstrate that Prophet Ayyub’s success was founded not merely on physical endurance or patience, but on a sustained spiritual relationship with Allah. These three factors provide a relevant framework for strengthening Muslims’ spiritual resilience when confronting illness, loss, disaster, and other hardships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suci Sapira Ulfa, Husnel Anwar Matondang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Dago Elos Conflict in Bandung City (2016–2023)
This study explores the social dynamics experienced by the residents of Dago Elos, Bandung, in their efforts to defend land rights from 2016 to 2024. The agrarian conflict involving local communities and third parties with historical land claims has sparked various forms of resistance, community solidarity, and both legal and social advocacy practices. Employing a qualitative approach through case study methods, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation, the research reveals that Dago Elos residents exhibit strong social resilience through collective identity strengthening, mobilization of local culture, and cross-community collaboration within advocacy networks. These dynamics reflect not only a land struggle but also a broader crisis of representation within legal and urban planning systems that often marginalize indigenous and local populations. This study underscores the significance of grassroots movements in the pursuit of social justice and the defense of living spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prima Junika Putra Hendranata, Amung Ahmad Syahrir, Mardani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ikhtiar and Tawakkul in the Qur’an: An Exegetical Study of Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani’s Marah Labid
This study examines ikhtiar (human effort) and tawakkul (reliance on Allah) in the Qur’an through Nawawi al-Bantani’s Marah Labid. It addresses the persistent tendency to separate active effort from spiritual surrender, which may produce either excessive self-reliance or passive fatalism. The study employed qualitative library research using thematic exegesis supported by tahlili analysis of Surah al-Ra‘d [13]: 11, Surah Ali ‘Imran [3]: 159, and Surah al-Talaq [65]: 3. Marah Labid served as the primary source, while classical and contemporary exegetical, theological, and relevant scholarly works provided secondary data. The data were analyzed descriptively and interpretively by identifying key meanings, comparing related interpretations, and synthesizing their theological implications. The findings demonstrate that Nawawi al-Bantani presents ikhtiar and tawakkul as complementary principles. Ikhtiar requires moral reform, careful planning, consultation, and the use of lawful means, whereas tawakkul directs the heart to rely fully on Allah after earnest effort. Human action therefore operates within the law of causality, while its final outcome remains subject to divine will and measure. This integration rejects both anthropocentric self-sufficiency and religious fatalism and provides an ethical foundation for responsibility, optimism, patience, spiritual resilience, and a balanced Muslim work ethic in contemporary life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfin FIkri, Munandar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Patience and Steadfast Faith in Addressing Marital Conflict: A Thematic Study of Qur'anic Verses on Life Trials
Marital conflict affects the social, psychological, and spiritual stability of family life, yet Qur'anic values are often discussed separately from practical conflict-resolution processes. This study analyzes patience and steadfast faith in addressing marital conflict through thematic exegesis of Qur'anic verses on life's trials. It employed a qualitative library research design using the maudhu‘i method. Primary data comprised verses concerning al-ibtilā’, patience, steadfast faith, gratitude, tawakkul, mediation, reconciliation, and marital decision-making. Secondary data were drawn from exegetical works and relevant scholarly literature. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed by classifying the verses, examining their contexts and interpretations, comparing sources, and synthesizing thematic meanings. The findings identify four interconnected themes: forms of life's trials, patience as an active response, steadfast faith and tawakkul as spiritual orientation, and the application of these values to marital conflict resolution. Patience is expressed through emotional regulation, perseverance, self-reflection, constructive communication, and prudent decision-making. Steadfast faith provides moral direction, responsibility, hope, and trust in Allah after appropriate effort. These values are operationalized through mediation by hakam, reconciliation (iṣlāḥ), and decisions to maintain marriage according to ma‘rūf or end it with iḥsān. The study concludes that patience and steadfast faith constitute an integrated Qur'anic framework for responding to marital conflict actively, justly, and responsibly while protecting the rights of both spouses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Farhan Indra, Ditha Aulya Afanty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Feminine Men and Gender-Fluid Identities on Social Media: A Thematic Exegesis of QS. An-Nisa [4]:1 and Ar-Rum [30]:30
The growing use of social media has increased the visibility of feminine male expressions and gender-fluid identities while generating debate about their relationship to Islamic teachings. This study analyzes these phenomena through a thematic interpretation of Q.S. al-Nisā’ [4]: 1 and Q.S. al-Rūm [30]: 30. It employed qualitative library research and thematic exegesis (tafsir mawdū‘ī). Primary data comprised the two Qur’anic verses and their interpretations in selected classical and contemporary commentaries, while secondary data were drawn from books and journal articles on gender and social media. The data were analyzed by examining the concepts of human creation, common origin, fitrah, equal dignity, and moral responsibility; comparing exegetical perspectives; and relating the resulting synthesis to identity construction in digital spaces. The findings show that Q.S. al-Nisā’ [4]: 1 emphasizes humanity's common origin and equal dignity, whereas Q.S. al-Rūm [30]: 30 presents fitrah primarily as an innate orientation toward divine truth and moral values. Although neither verse directly addresses contemporary categories of gender identity, their interpretations offer an ethical framework for responding to gender expression on social media. This framework combines respect for human dignity and rejection of ridicule and violence with critical attention to the roles of social environment, popular culture, digital communities, and media platforms in identity formation. The study contributes to contemporary thematic Qur’anic studies by connecting classical and modern exegesis with gender-related phenomena in digital society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kafi Kadhafi Ahmad, Sulidar Ujang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Methodology of Tafsir Ishari and a Critical Analysis from the Perspective of Qur’anic Exegesis Studies
Tafsir ishari represents one of the distinctive traditions within Qur'anic exegesis that seeks to uncover the inner spiritual meanings of Qur'anic verses beyond their apparent textual expressions. Although this interpretive approach has significantly contributed to the development of Islamic spirituality and Sufi thought, its methodological validity continues to generate scholarly debate due to concerns regarding subjectivity, epistemological legitimacy, and the absence of standardized interpretive procedures. This study aims to examine the conceptual foundations, methodological characteristics, and critical issues surrounding tafsir ishari from the perspective of contemporary Qur'anic exegesis studies. Employing a qualitative library research design with descriptive-analytical and critical approaches, the study analyzes classical and contemporary literature concerning Sufi exegesis, Qur'anic interpretation, and Islamic epistemology. The findings indicate that tafsir ishari functions primarily as an epistemological orientation that complements rather than replaces the outward (zahir) interpretation of the Qur'an. Its interpretive process is characterized by reliance on spiritual inspiration (ilham), symbolic interpretation, and ethical contemplation while maintaining consistency with the literal meaning of the text. Nevertheless, the study identifies three major methodological challenges, namely the absence of a standardized interpretive framework, the epistemological limitations of inspiration as a source of knowledge, and tensions between symbolic interpretation and established principles of Arabic linguistics. The study concludes that tafsir ishari should be understood as a valuable spiritual-hermeneutical tradition whose academic legitimacy depends upon maintaining methodological transparency, linguistic coherence, and epistemological accountability. This research contributes to contemporary Qur'anic exegesis by proposing a balanced analytical framework that integrates the spiritual richness of Sufi interpretation with the methodological rigor required in modern Qur'anic studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mansur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Managing Da'wah Conflict to Strengthen Interreligious Harmony: A Case Study of Multicultural Da'wah Programs in Berastagi, Indonesia
Religious diversity can strengthen social cohesion, but differences in religious communication may also generate tension when they are not managed contextually. This study analyzes conflict-management practices in multicultural da'wah programs, identifies factors contributing to potential da'wah-related conflict, and explains the strategic roles of da'i and religious leaders in promoting interreligious harmony in Berastagi District, Karo Regency. A qualitative case-study design was employed. Informants were selected purposively from MUI, the Ministry of Religious Affairs, religious and community leaders, and multicultural program personnel. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis and were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that conflict management operates through persuasive and moderate da'wah, interfaith dialogue, deliberation, institutional coordination, and early clarification of sensitive issues. Potential conflict is associated primarily with divergent interpretations of da'wah messages, religious symbols and activities in public spaces, communication barriers, and unverified religious information on social media. Da'i and religious leaders function as communicators, mediators, educators, and agents of religious moderation. The study concludes that effective preventive management integrates four mutually reinforcing elements: moderate da'wah, collaborative religious leadership, institutional coordination, and multicultural programs that strengthen social cohesion. This integrated model provides a context-sensitive framework for sustaining tolerance and peaceful coexistence in religiously diverse communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Osama Al Azizi Tinodungan Siregar, Muaz Tanjung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0