Social Stratification in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Gadis Pantai Based on Max Weber’s Theory

Ecel Pelia Lakadjo; Sitti Rachmi Masie; La Ode Gusman Nasiru

doi:10.24256/ideas.v14i2.12797

Authors

Ecel Pelia Lakadjo Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Letters and Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
Sitti Rachmi Masie Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Letters and Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia
La Ode Gusman Nasiru Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Letters and Culture, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v14i2.12797

Keywords:

social stratification; Gadis Pantai; Max Weber

Abstract

This study aims to (1) describe the forms of social stratification depicted in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel Gadis Pantai, and (2) analyze the influence of this social stratification on the social relationships among the characters in the novel. Social stratification is examined using Max Weber’s theory, which views the layering of society through three forms, namely class, status, and power. This is a descriptive qualitative study using a sociology of literature approach. The research data consist of narration and dialogue among the characters in Gadis Pantai that display social stratification, and the data source is Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s novel Gadis Pantai. Data were collected through reading and note-taking techniques and were then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.

The results show that social stratification in Gadis Pantai is represented through social class differences that shape relationships among the characters in feudal Javanese society. Social stratification in the novel affects relationships among the characters, including dependency relationships between the lower and upper groups, resulting in social and psychological impacts on the main character in the form of social alienation, identity crisis, psychological pressure, and difficulty adapting to a new environment. Overall, Gadis Pantai shows that a hierarchical social system can affect a person’s life socially, culturally, and psychologically.

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