Sadd al-Zari'ah and Extra-Judicial Divorce: A Critical Discourse Analysis of MUI Fatwa and KHI Legal Frameworks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v13i2.5888Keywords:
Sadd Al-Zari'ah, Extra-Judicial Divorce, MUI Fatwa, KHI, Islamic Jurisprudence, Discourse Analysis, Indonesian Islamic LawAbstract
The objective of this research is to examine the "comparison of the law on divorce outside the court from the perspective of Sadd al-zari'ah in the MUI fatwa and KHI." This study employs library research using a descriptive analysis method, which involves collecting, organizing, classifying, and interpreting data. The findings of this study reveal that the law on divorce outside the court, according to the MUI fatwa of 2012, states that such a divorce is valid if it meets certain conditions, including the presence of a shar'i reason, the wife's iddah period starting from the pronouncement of divorce, and a subsequent report to the court. In contrast, according to the KHI, as stipulated in Articles 115 and 117, divorce is only valid if conducted in the presence of a religious court hearing, making divorces outside the court invalid. The analysis of Sadd al-zari'ah suggests that the KHI's perspective is more relevant in preventing harm, such as ambiguity in marital status, administrative difficulties in marriage registration, and neglect of the rights of wives and children. Therefore, the MUI fatwa of 2012 requires reformulation to better align with contemporary contexts and minimize the negative impacts of divorces occurring outside the court.
References
Abdullah, I. b. (2004). Sadd Zarai," said Shaykhul Islam Ibn Taimiyah. Riyad: Dar Fadilah.
Abi Husain Muslim. 2006. Sahih Muslim, Kitab at-Talak, Hadith No. 1472. Riyadh: Dar al-Toiyibag.
Achmad Warson Munawwir and Muhammad Fairuz. 2007. Al-Munawwir Dictionary. Surabaya: Progressive Library.
Aiya Ernita (2014), Marriage with Women Divorced Outside the Court (Study of Ulee Kareng District Banda Aceh), University of North Sumatra.
Akram, M., Idris, M., & Pratama, F. A. (2023). The Impact of Out-of-Court Divorce on Children from the Perspective of Hifz Al-Nasl (A Study in Kendari City). KALOSARA: Family Law Review, 2(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.31332/kalosara.v2i2.5240
Al-Ghazali. 2002. Ihya' Ulumuddin. Jeddah: Dar Al-Minhaj.
al-Ghazaliy, M. b. (1994). al-Wajiz fi fiqh madzhab al-Imam al-Shafi'iy. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
al-Humam, I. (1995). Fath al-Qadir (Vol. III). Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah.
al-Khazraji, I. F. (2006). Ahkam Al-Qura'an. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
Al-Qurthubi. (1964). Al-Jami' li Ahkam Al-Qur'an. Egypt: Dar Al-Kutub.
Al-Qurthubi. 1964. Al-Jami' li Ahkam Al-Qur'an. Dar Al-Kutub Al-Misriyah.
Al-Syirbini. (1994). Mughni al-Muhtaj (Vol. III). Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah.
Al-Zarqa, Mustafa Ahmad. 1994. Syarah Al-Qawa'id Al-Fiqhiyyah. Damascus: Dar Al Qalam.
Amin, M., & Sholeh, A. N. (2012). Decisions of Ijtima Ulama of Fatwa Commission throughout Indonesia IV on Contemporary Jurisprudence Issues (Masail Fiqhiyyah Mu'ashirah).
Ana Pitria, Fuad Rahman, and Ramlah Ramlah (2023), Out-of-Court Talak Conflict Resolution in the Perspective of Islamic Law and Positive Law, Journal of Comprehensive Islamic Studies, 2(1), 125-48, https://doi.org/10.56436/jocis.v2i1.235.
Arif, H. F. M. (2019). Actualization of Zariah's Reasoning in Anticipating Crime through Financial Technology. Journal of Legal Research and Education, 18(2), 848-867. https://doi.org/10.30863/ekspose.v18i2.470
At-Tirmidhi. (n.d.). Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book of Divorce and Li'an (Vol. II). Riyadh: Al Mathba'ah Al-Salafiyah.
Basyir, A. A. (1999). Islamic Marriage Law. Yogyakarta: UII.
Detik Sulsel. (2023, december Tuesday). PA Palopo handled 594 divorces in 2023, dominated by quarrels. Retrieved from https://www.detik.com/sulsel/berita/d-7073962/pa-palopo-tangani-594-perceraian-pasutri-di-2023-didominasi-pertengkaran
Dulfikar, A. (2023). Sadd Dzari'ah in Ushuliyin Perspective as a Source of Islamic Law. LAWYER: Journal of Law, 1(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.58738/lawyer.v1i1.141
H. Abdurrahman (2019), Legal Certainty of Pledge of Talak Outside the Religious Court: Comparative Analysis of Islamic Law with Legislation, UIN Antasari.
Hawayah (2021), Legal Implications of Talak outside the Court in Polewali Mandar Society, IAIN Pare-pare.
Hawwas, A. A. (2011). Fikih Munaqahat (Vol. II). Jakarta: Amzah.
Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi. 1997. Al-Mughni, Volume 7. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Faris al-Khazraji. 2006. Ahkam Al-Quran, Juz 2. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
Ibnul Qayyim. 1991. I'lam al-Muwaqqi'in 'an Rabb al-'Alamin. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.
Ministry of Religious Affairs RI. 2010. Al-Qur'an and its Translation. Bandung: CV Diponegoro.
M. Yahya Harahap. 2006. National Marriage Law. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Mardani (2016). Islamic Family Law in Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana.
Muhammad bin Ahmad Sayyid. 2012. Sadd Dzarai' Fi Mazhab Al-Maliki. Beirut: Darul Ibn Hazm.
Muhammad Isya (n.d.), Divorce Outside the Religious Court from the Perspective of Law Number 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law (A Study in the Legal Area of the Aceh Besar Shari'ah Court), http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/MIH/article/view/4579 (accessed April 7, 2024).
Muhammad Yalis Shokhib (2013), Legal Sanctions Against Talak Outside the Religious Court, UIN Maliki.
Mujib, N. (2018). When the Husband Says Talak Outside the Court Session. Retrieved from https://pa-atambua.go.id/informasi-pengadilan/212-ketika-suami-mengucapkan-talak-di-luar-sidang-pengadilan-by-drs-h-nur-mujib-mh
Mujib, N. 2018. When the Husband Says Talak Outside the Court Session. Retrieved from https://pa-atambua.go.id/informasi-pengadilan/212-ketika-suami-mengucapkan-talak-di-luar-sidang-pengadilan-by-drs-h-nur-mujib-mh.
Muslim, A. H. (2006). Shahih Muslim. Riyadh: Dar al-Toiyibag.
Madehang, M., Masruddin, M., & Iksan, M. (2024). Reflecting on the Implementation of Online English Learning in Islamic Higher Education: Lecturers’ and Students’ Perspectives. International Journal of Asian Education, 5(3), 183-197.
Masruddin, M., & Abduh, N. K. (2024, May). Indonesian Language Learning for Foreign Speakers Based on Luwu Culture: A Needs Analysis Study. In 4th International Conference on Linguistics and Culture (ICLC-4 2023) (pp. 75-80).
Nur, M. T. (2018). Divorce in Palopo City (Causal Factors and Solutions in a Case Study at the Religious Court). Palita: Journal of Social-Religion Research, 1(2), 113-126. https://doi.org/10.24256/pal.v1i2.70
Qudamah, I. (1997). Al-Mughni (7th ed.). Beirut: Dar Al Fikr.
Raharjo. 1998. Social Change in Mintakat Panglaju Bandung Malang. Journal of STAIN Malang, Edition No. 5.
RI, P. N. (2011). Set of Laws and Regulations Relating to the Compilation of Islamic Law and Definition in its Discussion. Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia.
Sabiq, S. (1999). Fiqh al-Sunnah. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Sarong, H. (2010). Islamic Marriage Law in Indonesia (Vol. III). Banda Aceh: Pena.
Syarifuddin Latif. 2017. Fikih Perkawinan Bugis Tellumpocco'e. South Tangerang: Gaung Persada (GP) Press Jakarta.
Syarifuddin, A. (2009). Islamic Marriage Law in Indonesia: Between Fikih Munakaḥat and the Marriage Law. Jakarta: Kencana.
Syarifuddin, A. (2015). Outlines of fiqh. Jakarta: Kencana.
Wahbah al-Zuhaili. 1999. Al-Wajiz fi Ushul al-Fiqh. Damascus: Dar al-Fikr.
Yusuf Al-Qardhawi. 1997. Al-Fatwa: Baina Al-Indihibath wa Tasayyub (transl. As'ad Yasin). Jakarta: Gema Insani Press.
Yusuf Al-Qardhawi. 2018. Madkhal li Dirasah Al-Syariah Al-Islamiyyah (transl. Ade Nurdin and Riswan). Bandung: Mizan Library.
Zainuddin Ali. 2006. Islamic Civil Law in Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Zainuddin. 2019. Itsbat Talak in the Perspective of Indonesian Marriage Law. Al-Aḥwāl, Vol. 12, No. 1.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Agum Manoppo, Firman Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Tahmid Nur
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access)
