Optimizing Argumentative Writing in the Digital Era: The Impact of ProWritingAid to Student Confidence and the Difficulties of AI-Driven Editing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v13i1.6470Keywords:
AI writing tools, vocational education, ProWritingAid, student confidenceAbstract
This study examines the impact of ProWritingAid, an AI-driven writing tool, on improving writing accuracy and increasing confidence among vocational high school students studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Indonesia. The study examines the difficulties vocational students encounter in creating coherent and grammatically precise argumentation writings, highlighting the necessity for efficient technology assistance in their writing advancement. A qualitative case study methodology was employed to gather data using semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis involving 21 eleventh-grade students at SMK Al-Washliyah Sukra. Thematic analysis utilizing NVivo software was conducted to discern major trends in students' motivation, confidence, and challenges encountered while using ProWritingAid. The results indicate that ProWritingAid markedly improves students' motivation and self-assurance by delivering prompt, constructive feedback on grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure, together with progress monitoring that cultivates a sense of accomplishment. Challenges include restricted access to premium capabilities, the intricacy of advanced ideas, internet connectivity problems, and device limits were recognized as impediments to optimal tool utilization. Notwithstanding these challenges, the tool significantly enhanced writing precision, assisting students in generating clearer and more logical arguing compositions. The study emphasizes the significance of including AI writing tools as supplementary resources in vocational education, while warning against excessive reliance and highlighting the necessity for instructional oversight. The study's limitations encompass its brief duration, cultural distinctiveness, and dependence on a singular version of the tool, potentially impacting generalizability. Subsequent study ought to investigate longitudinal impacts, cross-cultural relevance, and the incorporation of new AI technologies to enhance writing education in vocational EFL settings.
References
Ahmed, A. (2016). Applying TAM to gauge students’ perception of English language learning technologies.
Al Mahmud, F. (2023). Investigating EFL Students’ Writing Skills Through Artificial Intelligence: Wordtune Application as a Tool. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(5), 1395–1404. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1405.2
Alhalangy, A. G. I., & AbdAlgane, M. (2023). Exploring the Impact of AI on The EFL Context: A Case Study of Saudi Universities. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 23(2), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v23i2.125
Aljuaid, H. (2024). The impact of Artificial Intelligence tools on academic writing instruction in higher education: A systematic review. Arab World English Journal, 1(1), 26–55. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/chatgpt.2
Almusharraf, N., & Alotaibi, H. (2021). Gender‐based EFL writing error analysis using human and computer‐aided approaches. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 40(2), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/emip.12413
Ariyanto, M. S. A., Mukminatien, N., & Tresnadewi, S. (2019). Students’ and Teacher’s Perceptions towards the Implementation of ProWritingAid and Teacher Feedback. Jurnal Pendidikan, 4(10), 1353–1363. http://journal.um.ac.id/index.php/jptpp/
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2016). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th Editio). PEARSON.
Fitria, T. N. (2023a). ProWritingAid as AI-powered writing tools: The performance in checking grammar and spelling of students’ writing. Polingua (Scientific Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Education), 12(2), 65–107. https://doi.org/10.30630/polingua.v12i2.276
Fitria, T. N. (2023b). ProWritingAid as AI-Powered Writing Tools: The Performance in Checking Grammar and Spelling of Students’ Writing. Polingua (Scientific Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Education), 12(2), 65–107. https://doi.org/10.30630/polingua.v12i2.276
Fleckenstein, J., Liebenow, L. W., & Meyer, J. (2023). Automated feedback and writing: A multi-level meta-analysis of effects on students’ performance. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 6(July). https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1162454
Holmes, W., & Porayska-Pomsta, K. (2022). The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Practices, Challenges, and Debates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429329067
Ismayanti, D., Said, Y. R., Usman, N., & Nur, M. I. (2024). The Students Ability in Translating Newspaper Headlines into English A Case Study. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 12(1), 108-131.
Ka-kan-dee, M., & Kaur, S. (2015). Teaching Strategies Used by Thai EFL Lecturers to Teach Argumentative Writing. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 208, 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.191
Kawashima, T. (2023). Student perceptions of Grammarly, teacher’s indirect and direct feedback: Possibility of machine feedback. JALT CALL Journal, 19(1), 113–139. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v19n1.1017
Masruddin, M., & Nasriandi, N. (2022). Lexical and Syntactical Errors Performed by Junior High School Student in Writing Descriptive Text. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 10(1), 1094-1100.
Marzuki, Widiati, U., Rusdin, D., Darwin, & Indrawati, I. (2023). The impact of AI writing tools on the content and organization of students’ writing: EFL teachers’ perspective. Cogent Education, 10(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2236469
Nasution, A., & Fatimah, S. (2018). The use of ProWritingAid web in editing students writing. Journal of English Language Teaching, 7(2), 362–368. http://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/jelt
O’neill, R., & Russell, A. M. T. (2019). Stop! grammar time: University students’ perceptions of the automated feedback program Grammarly. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 35(1), 42–56. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.14742/ajet.3795
Pitukwong, K., & Saraiwang, S. (2024). Exploring the effectiveness of digital writing tools on Thai EFL students’ writing. Contemporary Educational Technology, 16(3), ep519. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/14808
Prasetya, R. E., & Raharjo, D. H. (2023). Enhancing English language writing skills: An evaluation of the efficacy of grammarly application. Journal of English Language Studies, 8(2), 320–338. https://doi.org/10.30870/jels.v8i2.19294
Rahma, M., & Zen, E. L. (2023). Errors in students’ writing (Reports from ProWritingAid). Scope : Journal of English Language Teaching, 7(2), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.30998/scope.v7i2.15528
Rasoul, T. G. A. A. El, Aboelwafa, M. A., & Seddeek, A. M. R. M. (2023). Exploring the attitude of ESP learners towards using automated writing evaluation to assess their writing. 3(1), 157–173. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21622/ILCC.2023.03.1.157
Ro’isatin, U. A., Hoesny, M. U., & Adibah, A. (2023). The Implementation of ProWritingAid to Help Students Reduce Grammatical Errors in Writing Class. International Virtual Conference on Language and Literature Proceeding IVICOLL 2023, 3, 182–192. www.prowritingaid.com
Sahu, S., Kori, J., Vishwakarma, Y. K., & Thakur, J. Si. (2020). Evaluating performance of different grammar checking tools. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 9(2), 2227–2233. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/201922020
Selim, A. S. M. (2024). The Transformative Impact of AI-Powered Tools on Academic Writing: Perspectives of EFL University Students. International Journal of English Linguistics, 14(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v14n1p14
Suastra, I. M., & Menggo, S. (2020). Empowering students’ writing through performance assessment. International Journal of Language Education, 4(3), 432–441. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v4i3.15060
Taherdoost, H. (2021). Data collection methods and tools for research; A step-by-step guide to choose data collection technique for academic and business research projects Hamed Taherdoost. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 2021(1), 10–38. https://hal.science/hal-03741847
Wahyuda, M. I., Putera, A. A., & Khuseini, M. (2022). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROWRITINGAID TOWARD STUDENTS WRITING SKILLS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL. Journal of English Teaching and Learning, 1(1), 25–33. http://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/jetl
Yulianti, E. (2024). Integrating Prowriting for Students’ Writing Recount Text. The 14th Annual International Symposium of Foreign Language Learning, 127–139. https://doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2024.3811
Yulianti, N. M. D. R., & Wiguna, I. N. A. (2020). The analysis of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) on mobile application Klikindomaret in Denpasar. Binawakya Journal, 14(12), 3659–3670. https://doi.org/10.2991/icobame-18.2019.56
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Andy Sutrisno, Sri Wuli Fitriati, Fahrur Rozi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access)