Managing Da'wah Conflict to Strengthen Interreligious Harmony: A Case Study of Multicultural Da'wah Programs in Berastagi, Indonesia

Authors

  • Osama Al Azizi Tinodungan Siregar Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
  • Muaz Tanjung Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24256/jiis.v5i2.12017

Keywords:

conflict management, da'wah, interreligious harmony, multiculturalism, religious moderation

Abstract

Religious diversity can strengthen social cohesion, but differences in religious communication may also generate tension when they are not managed contextually. This study analyzes conflict-management practices in multicultural da'wah programs, identifies factors contributing to potential da'wah-related conflict, and explains the strategic roles of da'i and religious leaders in promoting interreligious harmony in Berastagi District, Karo Regency. A qualitative case-study design was employed. Informants were selected purposively from MUI, the Ministry of Religious Affairs, religious and community leaders, and multicultural program personnel. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis and were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that conflict management operates through persuasive and moderate da'wah, interfaith dialogue, deliberation, institutional coordination, and early clarification of sensitive issues. Potential conflict is associated primarily with divergent interpretations of da'wah messages, religious symbols and activities in public spaces, communication barriers, and unverified religious information on social media. Da'i and religious leaders function as communicators, mediators, educators, and agents of religious moderation. The study concludes that effective preventive management integrates four mutually reinforcing elements: moderate da'wah, collaborative religious leadership, institutional coordination, and multicultural programs that strengthen social cohesion. This integrated model provides a context-sensitive framework for sustaining tolerance and peaceful coexistence in religiously diverse communities.

References

Agung, D. A., Nasih, A. M., Sumarmi, Idris, & Kurniawan, B. (2024). Local wisdom as a model of interfaith communication in creating religious harmony in Indonesia. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 9(1), 100827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100827

Ahmed, S., & Adnan, M. (2024). Building Bridges Between Different Religious Communities. Tanazur, 5(2), 204-228. https://tanazur.com.pk/index.php/tanazur/article/view/249

Apriudianisti, S. (2025). The Role of Islam in Building Interfaith Tolerance in Indonesia. Journal of Scientific Studies and Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.67028/jssmr.v2i2.92

Arifin, S., Kholis, M. A., & Oktavia, N. (2021). Agama dan Perubahan Sosial di Basis Multikulturalisme: Sebuah Upaya Menyemai Teologi Pedagogi Damai di Tengah Keragaman Agama dan Budaya di Kabupaten Malang. NUR EL-ISLAM : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Sosial Keagamaan, 8(2), 147–183. https://doi.org/10.51311/nuris.v8i2.372

Arikunto, S. (2021). Prosedur penelitian: Suatu pendekatan praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Asiya, S., & Bano, N. (2024). Role of Interreligious Dialogue in Promoting Peace and Harmony. Al-Tabyeen, 8(1), 128–154. https://doi.org/10.59475.81.08

Bahagia, R., Jauhari, T., & Rullah, K. (2024). Pendekatan Dakwah Multikultural Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Aceh. Al-Tsiqoh : Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Dakwah Islam, 9(2), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.31538/altsiq.v9i2.5923

Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Doyah, C. T. (2024). Achieving Unity amidst Diversity in Christian Doctrines Beliefs and Practices: An In-Depth Analysis. NIU Journal of Humanities, 9(1), 93-105. https://doi.org/10.58709/niujhu.v9i1.1830.

Fikri, H. K. (2023). Dakwah Pada Masyarakat Multikultural. Mudabbir: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah, 4(2), 129-141. https://doi.org/10.20414/mudabbir.v4i2.9208

Firdaus, S. A., & Suwendi, S. (2025). Fostering Social Harmony: The Impact of Islamic Character Education in Multicultural Societies. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1), 942-955. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i1.6579

Haider, W. A., & Haq, Z. u. (2025). Fostering Interfaith Harmony through Civil society Participation: A Theoretical and Strategic Study in the Pakistani Context. Nwerash International Journal of Islamic Thought, 1(1), 37–54. https://nijit.com.pk/index.php/Journal/article/view/9

Hannum, L., & Sumanti, S. T. (2024). Religious Harmonization: Mitigation Strategies on Diversity Tension in Global Society. Proceeding International Seminar and Conference on Islamic Studies (ISCIS), 3(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.47006/iscis.v3i1.21892

Jannah, S. F. (2023). Manajemen Dakwah Dalam Meningkatkan Solidaritas Dan Kerukunan Pemuda. Syiar: Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam, 3(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.54150/syiar.v3i2.246

Jung, J. (2025). Multicultural Preaching Across Generations: A Proposal for Effective Preaching to Young Generations in the Great Dechurching. Religions, 16(3), 381. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16030381

Kahfi, A., & Suparto. (2025). Manajemen Dakwah Multietnis dan Pembentukan Identitas Keislaman: Studi Komparatif Mualaf Center Indonesia dan Persatuan Islam Tionghoa Indonesia. Inovasi: Jurnal Diklat Keagamaan, 19(2), 325-347. https://doi.org/10.52048/bjgav663

Kim, N. (2025). Playful Pulpits: Exploring Multicultural Preaching Practices Through the Lens of Theology of Play. Religions, 16(2), 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16020190

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. New York: Sage Publications.

Masruroh, I., Asnaini, Sirajuddin, & Rochmansyah, E. (2025). Implementasi Prinsip Wasatiyyah dalam ManajemenDakwah untuk Mewujudkan Keadilan Sosial: Implementation of Wasatiyyah Principles in Da’wah Management to Realize Social Justice. QULUBANA: Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah, 6(2), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.54396/qlb.v6i2.2192

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2024). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Mirwazi, L., & Muhid, A. (2025). Memahami Perilaku Mad'u: Dinamika dan Tantangan dalam Jamaah Pengajian Multikultural. Jurnal Darussalam; Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam, 17(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.30739/darussalam.v17i1.3901

Moleong, L. J. (2024). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (Edisi revisi). Jakarta: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.

Muis, A. (2025). Strategy of the Religious Harmony Forum: Realizing a Peaceful and Harmonious Life. Journal of Islamic Education, 10(1), 94-109. https://doi.org/10.35723/jie.v10i1.444

Mustopa, M. (2024). Implementation of a Multicultural Approach in Islamic Da'wah to Increase Tolerance Between Religious Believers. The Journal of Academic Science, 1(5), 571-577. https://doi.org/10.59613/84pysm53

Nugroho, M. A. (2024). Religious Tolerance Model in Salatiga: Analysis of the Implementation of Religious Moderation Concept in a Multicultural City. IJoASER (International Journal on Advanced Science, Education) , 7(4), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.33648/ijoaser.v7i4.732

Oyeniyi, S. O., & Afolaranmi, A. O. (2025). The Role of Intercultural Relational Skills in Enhancing Peaceful Co-existence among Churches in New Heights Baptist Association, Lagos, Nigeria. African Journal of Religious and Theological Studies, 6(1), 106-124. https://doi.org/10.62154/ajrts.2025.06.01018

Pratama, M. A., & Faridah. (2024). Dakwah Multikultural, Toleransi Beragama dan Forum Kerukunan Umat Bergama (FKUB) di Kota Medan. Indonesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(2), 711-728. https://doi.org/10.33367/ijhass.v5i2.5517

Rahman, K., Ahmed, K., Chaudhary, A. I., Nadeem, K. A., Shukla, N., Simon, S.,... Anwer, S. M. (2024). The Role of Religions in Fostering Peace, Harmony, and Justice. Policy Perspectives, 21(2), 155-193. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48826380

Riyadi, A. (2024). HARMONI BERAGAMA : MODEL DAKWAH MULTIKULTURAL UNTUK MEMBANGUN PERDAMAIAN DI NUSANTARA. Mawaizh : Jurnal Dakwah Dan Pengembangan Sosial Kemanusiaan, 15(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.32923/maw.v15i1.4321

Rizwan, M. (2024). The Relationship Between Religion and Social Cohesion in Multicultural Societies. Journal of Management and Social Sciences Review , 2(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.70670/1hj5dc34

Rohman, B. (2022). Tolerance in Plural Societies Through the Competence of Religious Instructors in Service to the Ummah. Jurnal Bimas Islam, 15(1), 65–102. https://jurnalbimasislam.kemenag.go.id/jbi/article/view/530

Rustandi, R. (2024). Peran Strategis Duta Damai Dunia Maya (DDDM) BNPT RI dalam Menangkal Radikalisme Digital melalui Pendekatan Dakwah Moderat. TADBIR: JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAKWAH FDIK IAIN PADANGSIDIMPUAN, 6(2), 259-282. https://doi.org/10.24952/tadbir.v6i2.13866

Sari, H., Sazali, H., & Faridah. (2025). Culturally Based Religious Moderation Communication in Bagansiapiapi for Interfaith Harmony. INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication), 10(2), 1165–1192. https://doi.org/10.18326/inject.v10i2.4736

Soraya, S. Z., & Sholiha, Z. A. (2024). Cultivating Harmony: Implementing Religious Moderation in A Multicultural School. Proceeding of Annual International Conference on Islamic Education (AICIED), 2(1), 293-307. https://prosiding.iainponorogo.ac.id/index.php/aicied/article/view/1304

Srinivasan, R., & Aithal, P. S. (2025). Strengthening Cultural Bridges Through Interfaith Approaches Toward Global Harmony. Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS), 2(1), 119-128. https://www.poornaprajnapublication.com/index.php/pijmess/article/view/113

Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Surya, M., & Efendi, E. (2025). Planning FKUB Dalam Mewujudkan Kerukunan Ummat Pasca Konflik Keagamaan Di Kota Tanjung Balai Tahun 2016. Ulumuddin: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman, 15(2), 381–404. https://doi.org/10.47200/ulumuddin.v15i2.2896

Untung, N., Cahyono, H., Marbun, P., Hosea, A., Sumual, I. S., & Rajagukguk, J. S. (2025). Church planting strategies in the context of religious moderation in multicultural societies. HTS : Theological Studies, 18(1), 1-19. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-hervorm_v81_n1_a10498

Waqar, M., & Naeem, N. (2025). Prophetic Principles for Global Interfaith Peace: A Comparative Study in the Context of the United Charter. Advance Social Science Archive Journal, 4(1), 2415–2433. https://www.assajournal.com/index.php/36/article/view/725

Yin, R. K. (2024). Case study research: Design and methods (5th ed.). New Delhi, India: SAGE Publications.

Yuwafik, M. H., Lestari, D. F., & Gunawan, E. (2025). Strategi Komunikasi Multikultural dalam Menanamkan Nilai Toleransi Beragama pada Santri di Pesantren Sunan Kalijago Malang. Journal of Communication Research, 1(1), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.61105/jcr.v1i1.172

Downloads

Published

2026-05-03

How to Cite

Siregar, O. A. A. T., & Tanjung, M. (2026). Managing Da’wah Conflict to Strengthen Interreligious Harmony: A Case Study of Multicultural Da’wah Programs in Berastagi, Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies, 5(2), 908–924. https://doi.org/10.24256/jiis.v5i2.12017

Citation Check

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.