Hadith on Infectious Diseases and Leprosy: A Critical Analysis of the Hadith on Ta’arudh Using a Holistic Approach

Abbas Langaji

doi:10.24256/jiis.v4i1.12683

Authors

Abbas Langaji Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palopo, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24256/jiis.v4i1.12683

Keywords:

Hadith, Infectious Diseases, Leprosy, Critical Analysis, Holistic Approach

Abstract

This study examines hadiths regarding infectious diseases and leprosy, which outwardly appear to contain a contradiction between the statement lā ‘adwā (there is no contagion) and the recommendation to avoid people with leprosy. This study aims to analyze the nature of this contradiction in the hadith and the methods that can be used to arrive at a balanced understanding of the Prophet’s guidance. The study employs a qualitative method, specifically library research. Data were obtained by examining hadiths in hadith collections, particularly Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, and Musnad Aḥmad, as well as through hadith commentaries and relevant hadith scholarship. The analysis was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach with a holistic perspective through a comparison of the text (matan), an examination of the hadith’s context, textual criticism, and an analysis of the methods used to resolve contradictions in hadith (mukhtalif al-ḥadīṡ). The results of the study indicate that these contradictions are superficial in nature and can be reconciled through the method of al-jam‘ wa al-tawfīq, by understanding the prohibition against transmission as an affirmation that the disease does not spread on its own without the will of Allah, while the recommendation to avoid people with leprosy is a form of prevention against the potential danger of transmission. Thus, understanding hadith requires a contextual reading and consideration of other supporting evidence so that the message of the hadith can be comprehensively understood.

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