ZIKR SEBAGAI KONSEP MULTIDIMENSIONAL DALAM AL-QURAN: STUDI TAFSIR TEMATIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/jale.v9i1.10938Keywords:
Zikir, Al-Qur’an, Semantik, Tafsir Tematik, Spiritualitas Islam, TasawufAbstract
Zikr is one of the fundamental concepts in the Qur’an, holding a significant place in the development of humanity’s spiritual, intellectual and social consciousness. This article examines the term zikr and its derivatives in the Qur’an from the perspectives of semantics, exegesis and Sufism. Using the mawdhu’i (thematic) exegesis method and semantic analysis, this study finds that the word zikr, in its various morphological forms, is mentioned no fewer than 292 times in the Qur’an and encompasses a very broad spectrum of meanings: from remembering Allah, referring to the Qur’an itself, signifying a reminder or lesson, honour or glory, the act of prayer, divine revelation in general, to the dimension of spiritual therapy. This diversity of meanings demonstrates just how central the concept of zikir is to the structure of Islamic theology, spirituality, and epistemology. This study also examines the practical dimensions of zikr within the Sufi tradition and its connection to the health of the soul (nafs) based on contemporary Islamic psychological studies. The main conclusion of this article affirms that zikr is not merely a verbal ritual, but rather an existential orientation that permeates every dimension of a Muslim’s life.
Abstrak
Zikr merupakan salah satu konsep fundamental dalam Al-Qur’an yang memiliki kedudukan penting dalam pembentukan kesadaran spiritual, intelektual, dan sosial umat manusia. Artikel ini mengkaji term zikir (ذِكْر) beserta derivasinya dalam Al-Qur’an dari perspektif semantik, tafsir, dan tasawuf. Dengan menggunakan metode tafsir mawdhu’i (tematik) dan analisis semantik, kajian ini menemukan bahwa kata zikir dengan berbagai bentuk morfologisnya muncul sebanyak 292 kali dalam Al-Qur’an — tersebar pada lebih dari 280 ayat, dengan beberapa ayat mengandung lebih dari satu kemunculan derivasi akar ر-ك-ذ — dan mencakup spektrum makna yang sangat luas: dari mengingat Allah, merujuk kepada Al-Qur’an itu sendiri, bermakna peringatan/pelajaran, kehormatan/kemuliaan, ibadah shalat, wahyu ilahi secara umum, hingga dimensi terapi spiritual. Keberagaman makna ini menunjukkan betapa sentralnya konsep zikir dalam bangunan teologi, spiritualitas, dan epistemologi Islam. Penelitian ini juga menelaah dimensi praktis zikir dalam tradisi sufisme dan kaitannya dengan kesehatan jiwa (nafs) berdasarkan kajian psikologi Islam kontemporer. Kesimpulan utama artikel ini menegaskan bahwa zikir bukan sekadar ritual verbal, melainkan sebuah orientasi eksistensial yang menembus seluruh dimensi kehidupan seorang Muslim.
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