Pembelajaran Sains Digital Berbasis Teori Konstruktivisme untuk Mengembangkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/pijies.v9i3.12874Keywords:
Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Konstruktivisme, Stellarium, Studi Kasus, Pembelajaran IPASAbstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perlunya pembelajaran sains digital yang tidak hanya membantu siswa memahami konsep abstrak, tetapi juga mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar melalui pembelajaran sains berbasis konstruktivisme yang didukung oleh perangkat lunak simulasi Stellarium. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (mixed-methods) dengan desain studi kasus yang melibatkan 30 siswa kelas VI Sekolah Indonesia Kota Kinabalu (SIKK), Malaysia, pada tahun ajaran 2025/2026. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui tes awal (pre-test) dan tes akhir (post-test), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji-t berpasangan (paired-samples t-test). Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui observasi dan dokumentasi selama pembelajaran. Hasil analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan adanya peningkatan skor keterampilan berpikir kritis yang signifikan secara statistik setelah intervensi (p < 0,05). Temuan kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa siswa terlibat lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran, menyusun argumen berdasarkan hasil pengamatan virtual, serta berkolaborasi dalam membangun pemahaman tentang konsep astronomi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi simulasi digital dalam pembelajaran sains berbasis konstruktivisme berpotensi mendukung pengembangan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan melibatkan sampel yang lebih besar, kelompok pembanding, dan konteks sekolah yang beragam untuk menguji konsistensi temuan serta memperkuat bukti efektivitas pendekatan tersebut.
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