Development of Educational Comics Based on A Restorative Approach to Handle Bullying Behavior in Elementary Schools

Sakura Alwina

doi:10.24256/pijies.v8i1.7419

Authors

Sakura Alwina STKIP AL Maksum Langkat, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24256/pijies.v8i1.7419

Keywords:

educational comics, approaches, restorative, behavior, bullying

Abstract

The type of research is research and development. This type of research uses the Four-D model has the stages of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. This research was conducted at SD IT Izzatul Islam. The study was conducted in April to June the academic year 2024/2025. The subjects in this study were grade IV students, totaling 28 people, consisting of 16 male students and 12 female students. The object in this study is an educational comic based on a restorative approach. Data collection techniques are observation, questionnaire, and test. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative. This research uses a Likert scale that is 1 not good, 2 quite, 3 good, 4 very good. Based on the results of the feasibility test conducted by media experts and material experts, it can be seen that the results of validation carried out by media experts with a percentage of 94.80% are included in the very feasible category, and the validation results of material experts with a percentage of 89.95% include a very decent category. Based on the pretest and posttest tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that educational comics based on restorative approaches that are developed effectively in increasing the awareness and ability of elementary school students in dealing with bullying behavior are more empathized, reflective, and responsible. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that educational comics are based on a decent and effective restorative approach to SD ITI Izzatul Islam.

References

Aron, A., Lewandowski, G., Branand, B., Mashek, D., & Aron, E. (2022). Self-expansion motivation and inclusion of others in self: An updated review.Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,39(12), 3821-3852.

Dyson, B., Shen, Y., & Hemphill, M. (2022). School educators' perspectives on restorative practices in Aotearoa, New Zealand elementary schools.The New Educator,18(1-2), 132-147.

Galtung, J. (2001). After violence, reconstruction, reconciliation, and resolution.Reconciliation, justice and coexistence: Theory and practice, 3-23.

Helsby, W.F. (1999).Comics in education. The link between visual and verbal literacy: How readers read comics(Doctoral dissertation, University of Southampton).

Hoang, A., Sanders, M.R., Turner, K.M., Morawska, A., Cobham, V., Chainey, C., & Simmons, E. (2024). Connecting families, schools, and communities: A system-contextual approach to sustainable futures for children.Sustainable Development,32(5), 4505-4517.

Hopkins, B. (2023).The restorative classroom: Using restorative approaches to foster effective learning. Routledge.

Jia, K., Kang, R., Wang, Y., Ma, L., & Liu, X. (2025). Constructing an empathy education system: Values, principles, and approaches.Journal of Moral Education, 1-29.

ILyana, S., & Sari, RC (2015). Development of Educational Comics as a Learning Media for Financial Literacy for Elementary School Students.Indonesian Journal of Accounting Education,13(2).

Lin, C.H., & Chang, Y.Y. (2021). A progressive digital narrative teaching method to improve learning motivation as a lifelong learning skill.Sustainability,13(23), 12991.

Rubab, UE, Parveen, N., Jafari, SM, & Yousuf, MI (2024). Social and Emotional Self-Awareness Skills among Students: A Case Study.Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities,5(1), 336-343.

Pazaer, N., & Assaiqeli, A. (2023). Pre-service teachers' views on using English comics to improve pupils' English language skills.Studies in English Language and Education,10(1), 197-215.

Senturk, M., & Simsek, U. (2021). Educational comics and educational cartoons as teaching material in the social studies course.African Educational Research Journal,9(2), 515-525.

Siddique, B., Khan, W., & Rauf, U. (2023). Bullying Behavior And Human Health: Factors And Causes.PalArch's Journal of Archeology of Egypt/Egyptology,20(2), 860-881.

Tech, R.R.M., & Theophilos, C. (2022).Preventing Bullying: A Manual for Teachers in Promoting Global Educational Harmony. Balboa Press.