Motivasi dan Faktor Penyebab Putus Sekolah pada Anak Tunanetra dengan Penurunan Kemampuan Fungsional: Studi Kasus Berdasarkan Perspektif Orangtua dan Pihak Terdekat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i1.12799Keywords:
motivasi, putus sekolah, anak tunanetra, penurunan kemampuan fungsional, Self-Determination Theory, studi kasusAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan motivasi dan faktor penyebab putus sekolah pada anak tunanetra dengan penurunan kemampuan fungsional berdasarkan perspektif orang tua dan pihak terdekat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Informan penelitian terdiri atas orang tua sebagai informan utama serta kakak, guru, dan teman sebaya sebagai informan pendukung. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semiterstruktur, observasi awal, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif serta divalidasi melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek masih memiliki motivasi intrinsik melalui minat dan kemampuan dalam bidang musik, serta memperoleh dukungan ekstrinsik dari keluarga, sekolah, guru, dan teman sebaya. Namun, keberlanjutan pendidikan terhambat oleh perubahan kemampuan fungsional, hambatan dan kecemasan selama perjalanan, pola tidur yang tidak teratur, pengalaman perundungan, keterbatasan pendampingan pendidikan di rumah, serta keputusan orang tua untuk menghentikan sekolah. Berdasarkan Self-Determination Theory (SDT), kebutuhan psikologis berupa competence, relatedness, dan autonomy belum terpenuhi secara optimal sehingga motivasi yang dimiliki belum mampu mempertahankan keterlibatan subjek dalam pendidikan formal. Penggunaan SDT dalam penelitian ini berfungsi sebagai kerangka interpretasi, bukan sebagai alat ukur psikologis, sehingga temuan perlu dipahami secara kontekstual dan tidak digunakan untuk menarik kesimpulan kausal atau digeneralisasikan kepada seluruh anak tunanetra.
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