Analisis Penilaian Berbasis Proyek dalam Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar: Studi Kasus Kreativitas dan Pemecahan Masalah di Sekolah Alam Bosowa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i1.12231Keywords:
penilaian berbasis proyek, kreativitas, pemecahan masalah, kurikulum merdekaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Penilaian Berbasis Proyek (Project-Based Assessment/PjBA) dalam pembelajaran di Sekolah Alam Bosowa, khususnya dalam mengembangkan kreativitas dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus instrumental. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 28 siswa kelas IV. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, analisis dokumen, dan skoring rubrik sebagai data triangulasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña yang meliputi kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PjBA telah diterapkan secara terintegrasi melalui penilaian terhadap proses dan produk pembelajaran. Guru memantau perkembangan siswa pada setiap tahapan proyek menggunakan rubrik, portofolio, dan catatan anekdot. Implementasi PjBA terbukti mampu meningkatkan kreativitas siswa yang ditunjukkan melalui perkembangan orisinalitas ide, fleksibilitas berpikir, dan kemandirian dalam menyelesaikan tugas. Selain itu, kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa juga berkembang melalui keterlibatan aktif dalam mengidentifikasi masalah, merancang strategi penyelesaian, mengambil keputusan, dan mengevaluasi hasil kerja. Faktor pendukung implementasi meliputi lingkungan belajar yang kontekstual, pengelompokan heterogen, media pembelajaran yang menarik, dan dukungan kurikulum sekolah. Adapun hambatan yang ditemukan meliputi keterbatasan waktu, kompleksitas penilaian proses, rendahnya motivasi sebagian siswa, serta kebutuhan persiapan yang lebih matang. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa PjBA efektif dalam mengembangkan kreativitas dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa serta relevan untuk mendukung implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dan penguatan kompetensi abad ke-21 di sekolah dasar.
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