Analisis Faktor Penghambat Kemampuan Membaca pada Siswa SD Alumni TK: Studi Kasus di SD Inpres Oemofa, Kecamatan Amabi Oefeto Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i2.12370Keywords:
kemampuan membaca, faktor penghambat, siswa sekolah dasar, alumni TKAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menghambat kemampuan membaca siswa SD alumni TK di SD Inpres Oemofa, Kecamatan Amabi Oefeto Timur. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih ditemukannya siswa kelas I yang mengalami kesulitan mengenal huruf, membedakan huruf yang memiliki bentuk atau bunyi serupa, merangkai huruf menjadi kata, serta membaca kata dan kalimat sederhana. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Informan penelitian terdiri atas tiga siswa yang mengalami kesulitan membaca, seorang guru kelas, dan orang tua siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambatan membaca berkaitan dengan sejumlah faktor yang saling berhubungan. Pada faktor internal, tidak ditemukan indikasi hambatan penglihatan maupun pendengaran berdasarkan observasi dan keterangan informan. Hambatan lebih tampak pada aspek psikologis, terutama perbedaan minat dan motivasi membaca. Dua siswa menunjukkan minat yang cukup baik, sedangkan satu siswa menunjukkan minat dan motivasi yang rendah di sekolah maupun di rumah. Faktor eksternal meliputi pendampingan dan kebiasaan membaca di rumah yang belum optimal, keterbatasan bahan bacaan, metode pembelajaran yang masih sederhana, serta lingkungan literasi sosial budaya yang belum berkembang secara optimal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kemampuan membaca siswa dipengaruhi oleh kondisi individu dan dukungan keluarga, pembelajaran di sekolah, ketersediaan sarana belajar, serta lingkungan sosial budaya. Kerja sama guru, orang tua, sekolah, dan masyarakat diperlukan untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung perkembangan motivasi dan kebiasaan membaca anak.
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