Analisis Rasio Guru dan Murid pada Kelas Kecil terhadap Efektivitas Belajar di Lembaga PAUD
-
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i2.12468Keywords:
rasio guru-murid, kelas kecil, efektivitas belajar, PAUDAbstract
Rasio guru dan murid secara luas diakui sebagai determinan penting dalam kualitas pendidikan; namun, bukti empiris mengenai dampaknya terhadap efektivitas pembelajaran pada kelas kecil di jenjang Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) masih terbatas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat efektivitas pembelajaran pada kelas kecil dengan rasio dua guru dan sepuluh murid di Think School Jember. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dan kuesioner yang melibatkan 2 guru dan 10 murid berusia 2–4 tahun pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2025/2026. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase berdasarkan 20 indikator efektivitas pembelajaran yang mencakup aspek kinerja guru dan aspek perkembangan murid. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas pembelajaran secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori tinggi dengan rerata 74,63%. Indikator kinerja guru berada pada kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi (72,50%–90,00%), terutama dalam menciptakan suasana belajar yang kondusif dan menyenangkan. Sebaliknya, sejumlah indikator perkembangan murid tergolong rendah, khususnya pada kemampuan memulai dialog bebas (55,00%), pemberdayaan diri secara aktif (65,00%), serta eksplorasi mandiri (67,50%). Kesimpulan: Meskipun rasio guru–murid yang rendah terbukti mengoptimalkan pengelolaan pedagogis guru dan iklim kelas, kondisi tersebut tidak serta-merta menghasilkan perkembangan yang merata pada seluruh aspek anak. Diperlukan strategi pendampingan terarah dan stimulasi bahasa yang lebih intensif untuk menumbuhkan kemandirian serta partisipasi aktif anak pada kelas kecil PAUD.
References
Andini, D. W., & Supardi, S. (2018). Efektivitas pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan mutu pengalaman belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 51(2), 85–94.
Bahanshal, D. A. (2013). The effect of large classes on English teaching and learning. International Journal of English Language Education, 1(3), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijele.v1i3.3897
Bascia, N. (2010). Reducing class size: What do we know? Canadian Education Association.
Biddle, B. J., & Berliner, D. C. (2002). What research says about small classes and their effects. WestEd.
Burchinal, M., Vandergrift, N., Pianta, R., & Mashburn, A. (2010). Threshold analysis of association between child care quality and child outcomes for low-income children in pre-kindergarten programs. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(2), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2009.10.004
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson Education.
Ehrenberg, R. G., Brewer, D. J., Gamoran, A., & Willms, J. D. (2001). Class size and student achievement. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/1529-1006.00002
Field, T. M. (1980). Preschool play and the intimacy of teacher-child ratios. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 1(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0193-3973(80)90007-6
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 137 Tahun 2014 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Kemendikbud.
Kusumastuti, A., Khoiron, A. M., & Taofan, A. (2021). Metode penelitian kuantitatif. Deepublish.
Nurkolis, N., Yulaeha, S., & Kusumaningrum, D. E. (2023). Optimalisasi rasio guru dan murid dalam pengondisian iklim kelas PAUD yang kondusif. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 34–45.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2005). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen. Sekretariat Negara.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2008). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 74 Tahun 2008 tentang Guru. Sekretariat Negara.
Reza, M., & Eliza, E. (2021). Pengelolaan lingkungan belajar dan efektivitas pembelajaran PAUD. Jurnal Obserwasi Pendidikan Anak, 3(2), 112–125.
Rohmawati, A. (2015). Efektivitas pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini, 9(1), 15–32.
Scarr, S., Eisenberg, M., & Deater-Deckard, K. (1994). Measurement of quality in child care centers. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 9(2), 131–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(94)90003-5
Setyosari, P. (2014). Menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif dan berkualitas. Elang Mas.
Smith, P., Molnar, A., & Zahorik, J. (2003). Class size reduction in Wisconsin: SAGE evaluation findings. Center for Education Research, Analysis, and Innovation, Arizona State University.
Sungkono, S., Harun, H., & Rahmawati, E. (2024). Manajemen sumber belajar dan pengisian aktivitas kelas dalam pendidikan anak usia dini. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 12(1), 45–58.
Wadesango, N., Kambeya, M., & Rembe, S. (2016). Effect of a large class size on effective curriculum implementation. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 13(2), 241–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/09751122.2016.11890457
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Haya Amaliya Ulya, Sonny Aprico, Cindy Kartika Sari, Octavian Dwi Tanto, Reski Yulina Widiastuti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in Tunas Cedekia. By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
2. Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
Tunas Cedekia's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Tunas Cedekia permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Tunas Cedekia on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications.
4. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. Tunas Cedekia will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. Tunas Cedekia will only communicate with the corresponding author.
5. Miscellaneous
Tunas Cedekia will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. Tunas Cedekia's editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers as mentioned in point 3.
Â
Every accepted manuscript should be accompanied by "Copyright Transfer Agreement" prior to the article publication.
Tunas Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
