Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Mendukung Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i2.12634Keywords:
keterlibatan orang tua, perkembangan bahasa, anak usia dini, interaksi keluarga, kemitraan PAUDAbstract
Perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini tidak hanya berlangsung melalui kegiatan pembelajaran di satuan pendidikan, tetapi juga melalui kualitas interaksi yang berulang di lingkungan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk keterlibatan orang tua dalam mendukung perkembangan bahasa anak, cara keterlibatan tersebut diwujudkan dalam rutinitas keluarga, serta faktor yang memudahkan dan menghambat kesinambungan stimulasi bahasa antara rumah dan satuan PAUD. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan konteks penelitian di KB Kasih Bunda Desa Karanganyar. Sumber data meliputi kepala sekolah, guru kelas, orang tua, dan dokumentasi kegiatan pembelajaran. Data anak berasal dari dua kelompok kelas dengan jumlah 27 anak, terdiri atas 11 anak kelompok A dan 16 anak kelompok B. Analisis dilakukan melalui kondensasi data, pengelompokan tema, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, sedangkan keabsahan data dijaga melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan orang tua paling bermakna ketika stimulasi bahasa ditempatkan dalam aktivitas yang dekat dengan kehidupan anak, terutama percakapan dua arah, membaca atau bercerita bersama, bernyanyi dan bermain kata, serta pemberian kesempatan kepada anak untuk menjelaskan pengalaman. Keterlibatan yang bersifat responsif lebih tampak berhubungan dengan keluasan kesempatan anak berbicara dibandingkan pemberian lembar kerja atau hafalan kosakata. Hambatan utama bukan semata-mata keterbatasan sarana, melainkan keterbatasan waktu dan kelelahan orang tua, penggunaan gawai, kecenderungan memaknai stimulasi bahasa sebagai kegiatan belajar formal, serta kebiasaan mengoreksi pengucapan anak secara berlebihan. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada pemaknaan keterlibatan orang tua sebagai rangkaian micro-routines bahasa yang terintegrasi dalam kegiatan keluarga dan diperkuat oleh komunikasi dua arah antara guru dan orang tua. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan praktik kemitraan keluarga-satuan PAUD yang realistis, murah, dan dapat diterapkan pada konteks masyarakat desa.
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