A Efektivitas Cybercounseling terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini: Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24256/tunascendekia.v9i1.12919Keywords:
cybercounseling, perkembangan sosial-emosional, anak usia dini, digital parenting, systematic literature reviewAbstract
Perkembangan sosial emosional merupakan fondasi penting bagi kesehatan mental dan keberhasilan belajar anak usia dini, namun, meningkatnya penggunaan gawai di era digital dapat memicu ledakan emosi, menurunkan fokus, dan mengurangi interaksi langsung anak dengan teman sebaya. Perkembangan teknologi digital menghadirkan tantangan sekaligus peluang bagi kesehatan mental dan perkembangan sosial-emosional anak usia dini. Cybercounseling muncul sebagai alternatif layanan konseling berbasis digital, tetapi bukti ilmiahnya masih tersebar dan jarang dikaitkan langsung dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan cybercounseling bagi anak usia dini dan orang tua, serta dampaknya terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini, sehingga bermanfaat bagi pengembangan layanan bimbingan dan konseling dalam bidang pendidikan serta sosial, melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berdasarkan protokol PRISMA. Dari total 28 artikel ilmiah bereputasi yang diidentifikasi dari indeksasi Sinta 2-4 dan Scopus, sebanyak 16 artikel memenuhi seluruh kriteria inklusi dan dinilai kelayakannya, sementara 12 artikel dieksklusi berdasarkan kriteria populasi, tipe intervensi, maupun status publikasi. Hasil sintesis tematik menunjukkan bahwa cyber counseling baik yang diimplementasikan secara langsung melalui sistem pemantauan e-counseling maupun secara tidak langsung melalui konseling digital parenting berhasil menurunkan durasi penggunaan gadget berlebihan, memperkuat interaksi sosial teman sebaya, dan menurunkan risiko masalah perilaku anak. Keberhasilan intervensi sangat ditentukan oleh transisi pengasuhan menuju active mediation. Kajian ini berkontribusi secara teoretis dengan menegaskan bahwa pengaruh cybercounseling pada anak usia dini berjalan terutama melalui penguatan peran orang tua. Secara kebijakan, hasilnya mendukung perlunya standar layanan dan perlindungan data anak, sedangkan secara praktik, hasilnya mendorong pelatihan literasi digital bagi pendidik dan orang tua. Penelitian lanjutan dengan sampel lebih besar diperlukan untuk menguji dampak langsung terhadap kondisi sosial emosional anak.
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